1Unit3enginecoolingandlubricationsystem1PPT优秀课件

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1、1 Unit 3 Unit 3 Engine Cooling and Lubrication SystemEngine Cooling and Lubrication System 2Layout of engine cooling systemLayout of engine cooling system3Engine Cooling and Lubrication Engine Cooling and Lubrication SystemSystem 4n1.Engine Cooling System1.Engine Cooling SystemnThe cooling system is

2、 used to keep The cooling system is used to keep the engine at the most the engine at the most efficientefficient operating temperature.operating temperature.n-The cooling system is composed-The cooling system is composed of the of the water jacketwater jacket(inside the (inside the cylinder block a

3、nd cylinder head),cylinder block and cylinder head),radiatorradiator,water pumpwater pump,thermostatthermostat,fan,fan,hosehoses and other components.s and other components.Fig 1-3-1 shows the parts of a Fig 1-3-1 shows the parts of a cooling system.cooling system.efficient efficient 效率高的water jacke

4、t water jacket 水套radiator radiator 散热器，水箱water pump water pump 水泵thermostat thermostat 节温器hose hose 软管5Cooling SystemCooling System（冷却系统）（冷却系统）n Fig.1-3-1Fig.1-3-11-radiator(1-radiator(散热器)2-securing)2-securing clipclip（固定夹）3-securing rubber3-securing rubber（固定橡胶）4-upper coolant 4-upper coolant hose

5、 hose（上部冷却液软管）5-rubber 5-rubber washerwasher（橡胶垫）6-radiator fan6-radiator fan（冷却风扇）7-fan ring7-fan ring（风扇罩壳）8-8-locking boltlocking bolt（紧固螺栓）9-nut9-nut（螺母）10-2 pin connector10-2 pin connector（双头插式插头）11-lower coolant hose11-lower coolant hose（下部冷却液软管）12-O ring12-O ring（O O型圈）型圈）13-13-connectorconne

6、ctor（连接插头）14-radiator 14-radiator fan thermo switchfan thermo switch（散热风扇的热敏开关）15-seal(15-seal(密封圈)16 drain)16 drain screw screw（排水螺栓）6n(1)Radiator and Fan(1)Radiator and FannThe radiator The radiator performperforms the function of cooling s the function of cooling the coolant which has passed thro

7、ugh the the coolant which has passed through the water jacket and become hot,and it is water jacket and become hot,and it is mounted in the front of the vehicle.A fan is mounted in the front of the vehicle.A fan is mounted behind the radiator to mounted behind the radiator to assistassist the the fl

8、ow of air through the radiator.The fan flow of air through the radiator.The fan operates when the engine coolant temperature operates when the engine coolant temperature becomes high in order to prevent it from becomes high in order to prevent it from becoming too high.becoming too high.perform perf

9、orm 执行assist assist 帮助7n(2)Radiator Cap(2)Radiator CapnA A reliefrelief valvevalve(pressurization pressurization valve)and a valve)and a vacuum valvevacuum valve(negative pressurenegative pressure valve)are valve)are built into the radiator cap.It is used to built into the radiator cap.It is used to

10、 maintain the correct and constant pressure on maintain the correct and constant pressure on the cooling system.the cooling system.n(3)Water jacket(3)Water jacketnThe water jacket is the open spaces within The water jacket is the open spaces within the cylinder block and cylinder head through the cy

11、linder block and cylinder head through which coolant passes.which coolant passes.perform perform 执行assist assist 帮助relief valve relief valve 泄压阀pressurizatiopressurization n 维持大气压水平vacuum valve vacuum valve 真空阀negative negative pressure pressure 负压负压89n(4)Water Pump(4)Water PumpnThe water pump is us

12、ed to circulate the coolant The water pump is used to circulate the coolant through the cooling system.It is mounted on the through the cooling system.It is mounted on the front of the cylinder block and driven by a front of the cylinder block and driven by a timing timing beltbelt.timing timing bel

13、tbelt 正时皮正时皮带带10n(5)Thermostat(5)ThermostatnThe thermostat is one of the most important parts The thermostat is one of the most important parts of the cooling system,and used to keep the engine of the cooling system,and used to keep the engine coolant at the most efficient temperature.coolant at the

14、 most efficient temperature.11n-If the coolant remains cold,it will be-If the coolant remains cold,it will be closed.In this case,a large amount of coolant closed.In this case,a large amount of coolant goes to the goes to the by-pass tubeby-pass tube without being cooled.The without being cooled.The

15、 remaining coolant passes through the radiator to remaining coolant passes through the radiator to be cooled.be cooled.n-If the coolant temperature rises to the-If the coolant temperature rises to the opening pointopening point,the thermostat opens,the thermostat opens slightlyslightly.As.As the tem

16、perature increases further,the thermostat the temperature increases further,the thermostat opens more.When the engine is under full opens more.When the engine is under full loadload,the thermostat will be fully open.The maximum the thermostat will be fully open.The maximum amount of coolant will be

17、sent to the radiator for amount of coolant will be sent to the radiator for cooling,and a small amount will continue to flow cooling,and a small amount will continue to flow through the by-pass tube.through the by-pass tube.timing timing beltbelt 正时皮正时皮带带by-pass by-pass tubetube 旁通管旁通管opening openin

18、g pointpoint 开启点开启点slightlyslightly 轻微地轻微地load load 负荷负荷121314采用n2.Engine Lubrication System2.Engine Lubrication SystemnLubricationLubrication system has been system has been adoptadopted to ed to supplysupply oil to the moving parts of this engine.The oil to the moving parts of this engine.The lubr

19、ication system consists of an lubrication system consists of an oil panoil pan,oil,oil pump,oil filter,oil cooler and pressure pump,oil filter,oil cooler and pressure relief valve.relief valve.lubricationlubrication 润滑adoptadoptsupply supply 供给oil pan oil pan 油底盘drain drain draw draw 抽吸排放1516nBeside

20、s lubricating engine parts,oil is also Besides lubricating engine parts,oil is also used to:used to:n1)clean the inside of the engine,1)clean the inside of the engine,n2)help cool the engine,2)help cool the engine,n3)form a seal between the cylinder walls and 3)form a seal between the cylinder walls

21、 and piston ringspiston rings17n2.Engine Lubrication System2.Engine Lubrication SystemnFig 1-3-2 shows the parts of a lubricating Fig 1-3-2 shows the parts of a lubricating system.system.n(1)Oil pan(1)Oil pannThe oil pan is located on the bottom of the The oil pan is located on the bottom of the eng

22、ine and holds the excess oil during engine and holds the excess oil during operation and no running conditions.A plug in operation and no running conditions.A plug in the bottom of the oil pan is used to the bottom of the oil pan is used to draindrain the the oil.oil.lubricationlubrication 润滑adopt a

23、dopt 采用supply supply 供给oil pan oil pan 油底盘drain drain 排放18n2.Engine Lubrication System2.Engine Lubrication Systemn(2)Oil pump(2)Oil pumpnThe oil pump is located in the crankcase area The oil pump is located in the crankcase area so that oil can be so that oil can be drawdrawn from the oil pan and n

24、from the oil pan and sent into the engine.sent into the engine.lubricationlubrication 润滑adopt adopt 采用supply supply 供给oil pan oil pan 油底盘drain drain 排放draw draw 抽吸n.n(3)Oil drain plug(3)Oil drain plugnOil pressure relief valve is used to keep the Oil pressure relief valve is used to keep the pressur

25、e within the oil system at a constant pressure within the oil system at a constant maximum value.maximum value.19 Lubricating System Lubricating System （润滑系统）（润滑系统）Fig.1-3-2 Fig.1-3-21-gasket1-gasket（密封垫片）2-cap2-cap（加油口盖）3-3-dipstickdipstick（机油标尺）4guide4guide（机油标尺导管口）5-oil filter bracket5-oil filter

26、 bracket（机油滤清器支架）6-oil pressure switch6-oil pressure switch（机油压力开关）7-O-ring7-O-ring（O形圈）8-oil cooler8-oil cooler（机油冷却器）9-oil filter9-oil filter（机油滤清器）10-10-capcap（密封盖）11-drive gear11-drive gear（驱动齿轮）12-gears12-gears（齿轮）13-oil pump cover with13-oil pump cover with pressure relief valve pressure relie

27、f valve（带泄压阀的机油泵盖）14-baffle plate14-baffle plate（挡油板）15-oil15-oildrain plugdrain plug（放油螺栓）16-seal16-seal（密封圈）17-oil pan17-oil pan（机油盘）18-gasket18-gasket（机油盘垫片）19-suction line19-suction line（吸油管）20-O 20-O ringring（O O形圈）20n(4)Oil filter(4)Oil filternBesides the Besides the gauze screengauze screen t

28、hat prevents pieces of that prevents pieces of metal entering the pump,there is an external metal entering the pump,there is an external filterfilternWhich can be renewed Which can be renewed periodically.periodically.21n(4)Oil filter(4)Oil filternOil Filter is adopted to clean the dirt Oil Filter i

29、s adopted to clean the dirt particleparticles s out of the lubricating system.As the oil and dirt out of the lubricating system.As the oil and dirt flow the filter unit,flow the filter unit,contaminantcontaminants are s are traptrapped ped inside the filter unit.inside the filter unit.ParticlePartic

30、lecontaminantcontaminanttraptrap粒子污染物收集2223n(5)Oil coolers(5)Oil coolersnOil temperature for an engine should be in certain Oil temperature for an engine should be in certain range of degrees.Under normal conditions,oil is range of degrees.Under normal conditions,oil is cooled by the right amount of

31、 oil in the oil pan.cooled by the right amount of oil in the oil pan.When excess temperatures occurs,such as some When excess temperatures occurs,such as some heavy-dutyheavy-duty gasolinegasoline engines and many engines and many dieseldiesel engines,engines,oil coolers are used to keep the oil coo

32、l.oil coolers are used to keep the oil cool.heavy-dutyheavy-duty 大功率gasolinegasoline 汽油diesel diesel 柴油24n(6)Oil pressure sensors and gauges(6)Oil pressure sensors and gaugesnOil pressure sensors are used to Oil pressure sensors are used to sensesense the oil the oil pressure in the lubricating syst

33、em.Oil pressure is pressure in the lubricating system.Oil pressure is usually sensed directly from the main oil usually sensed directly from the main oil gallerygallery.The value is sent to the The value is sent to the dashboarddashboard on the vehicle on the vehicle and the operator can read it.The

34、 systems commonly and the operator can read it.The systems commonly used are a pressure used are a pressure gaugegauge and an oil indicator and an oil indicator light.The pressure gauge reads the oil pressure light.The pressure gauge reads the oil pressure within the system.The oil indicator light g

35、oes on within the system.The oil indicator light goes on when oil pressure is lower than a certain value.when oil pressure is lower than a certain value.n(7)Marking on oil(7)Marking on oil dipstickdipstick（Fig.1-3-3Fig.1-3-3）sense sense 感觉 gallery gallery 通道dashboard dashboard (汽车等的)仪表板gauge gauge 仪

36、表dipstick dipstick 油尺燃油加注指示灯机油压力指示灯2526distillGasoline is Gasoline is distilleddistilled from from crudecrudepetroleumpetroleum,Gasoline is highly,Gasoline is highlyflammable flammable,meanig it burns easily in the,meanig it burns easily in thepresence of air.presence of air.Talk about gasolineTalk

37、about gasolineGasoline must vaporize easily,the Gasoline must vaporize easily,the flammability of gasoline varies with flammability of gasoline varies with its quality and the its quality and the additivesadditives mixed mixed with the gasoline,with the gasoline,High pressure of air/fuel mixture hel

38、ps to High pressure of air/fuel mixture helps to increase the power of engine,high increase the power of engine,high compression ratio not only compression ratio not only boostboost power power but also give more efficient power.,but also give more efficient power.,crudepetroleumflammableadditiveboo

39、stvt 提炼粗糙，天然，未加工的石油易燃的添加剂推动，促进汽油牌号是怎么回事？譬如汽油牌号是怎么回事？譬如9393号汽油？为号汽油？为什么会有含铅汽油的存在？什么会有含铅汽油的存在？27tendencyBus as compression ratio goes up,knocking Bus as compression ratio goes up,knocking tendencytendency goes up.goes up.The The octane numberoctane number of a gasoline is a of a gasoline is a measure

40、of its antiknock quality or measure of its antiknock quality or ability to ressist ability to ressist detonationdetonation during during bustion.Detonation,usually refered to as knock.Detonation,usually refered to as knock.Octane numberantiknockdetonationRefered to 趋势辛烷值抗爆引爆，爆炸被称为28无铅汽油无铅汽油 Unleaded

41、/Unleaded/lead lead free gasoline free gasoline preventing knock occurs during preventing knock occurs during combustion of the gasoline,some combustion of the gasoline,some substancessubstances are usally added in are usally added in gasolin as antiknock.gasolin as antiknock.Talk about gasolineTalk

42、 about gasolineAt early days,these additives are uaually At early days,these additives are uaually compounds of pounds of lead.，after after combustion,harmful gas will be combustion,harmful gas will be generated,this antiknock is gradually generated,this antiknock is gradually obsoleteobsoleted,new

43、additves are adopted d,new additves are adopted accordingly.accordingly.29 DipstickDipstick（机油尺）（机油尺）Fig.1-3-3 Fig.1-3-31-Max.mark1-Max.mark2-Min.mark2-Min.marka-Area above hatched field up to max.mark:Do not top-upa-Area above hatched field up to max.mark:Do not top-up with engine oil!with engine o

44、il!b-Oil level within hatched field:can be topped-up with b-Oil level within hatched field:can be topped-up with engine oil engine oilc-Area from min.mark up to hatched field:fill with max.c-Area from min.mark up to hatched field:fill with max.0.5 liter.of engine oil!0.5 liter.of engine oil!30 Trans

45、lation Skill(3)Translation Skill(3)词义的引申词义的引申n英汉两种语言在表达上有很大差别。翻译时，英汉两种语言在表达上有很大差别。翻译时，有些词或词组不能直接搬用词典中的释义，若有些词或词组不能直接搬用词典中的释义，若生搬硬套，会使译文生硬晦涩，难以看懂，甚生搬硬套，会使译文生硬晦涩，难以看懂，甚至造成误解。所以，要在弄清原文内涵的基础至造成误解。所以，要在弄清原文内涵的基础上，根据上下文的上，根据上下文的逻辑关系逻辑关系和汉语的和汉语的搭配习惯搭配习惯，对词义加以对词义加以引申引申。若遇到有关专业方面的内容，。若遇到有关专业方面的内容，必须选用必须选用专业方

46、面的术语专业方面的术语。引申后的词义虽然。引申后的词义虽然同词典中的释义稍有不同，但能更确切地表达同词典中的释义稍有不同，但能更确切地表达原文意义。原文意义。31n1.However,colors can give more force to the form of the product.欠佳译法：然而，色彩能给与产品更多的力量。欠佳译法：然而，色彩能给与产品更多的力量。引申译法：然而，色彩能使产品外形增添美感。引申译法：然而，色彩能使产品外形增添美感。n2.Never heat refrigerant container or expose it to naked flame.欠佳译法：永

47、远不要加热制冷剂贮液罐或将它暴露在裸露的火焰欠佳译法：永远不要加热制冷剂贮液罐或将它暴露在裸露的火焰中。中。引申译法：绝对不要直接加热制冷剂贮液罐或者与明火接触。引申译法：绝对不要直接加热制冷剂贮液罐或者与明火接触。n3.When excess temperatures occurs,such as some heavy-duty gasoline engines and many diesel engines,oil coolers are used to keep the oil cool.欠佳译法：当过剩的温度发生时，如某些重责任的汽油机和许多欠佳译法：当过剩的温度发生时，如某些重责任的

48、汽油机和许多 柴油机，使用机油冷却器使机油冷却。柴油机，使用机油冷却器使机油冷却。引申译法：当温度过高时，如某些大功率汽油机和许多柴油机上，引申译法：当温度过高时，如某些大功率汽油机和许多柴油机上，使用机油冷却器冷却机油。使用机油冷却器冷却机油。n4.During the first part of his life,Watt studied weather and storm.欠佳译法：在他生命的第一部分，瓦特研究过天气和风暴。欠佳译法：在他生命的第一部分，瓦特研究过天气和风暴。引申译法：瓦特年轻时研究过天气和风暴。引申译法：瓦特年轻时研究过天气和风暴。32 ExercisesExercis

49、es（练习）（练习）1.Translate the following into Chinese1.Translate the following into Chinese（1 1）oil cooleroil cooler（2 2）gasoline enginegasoline engine（3 3）fan ringfan ring（4 4）locking boltlocking bolt（5 5）drive geardrive gear（6 6）suction linesuction line（7 7）oil filter bracketoil filter bracket（8 8）2-pi

50、n connector2-pin connector（9 9）radiator fan radiator fan thermo switchthermo switch(10)diesel engine(10)diesel engine（1 1）机油冷却器）机油冷却器（2 2）汽油机）汽油机（3 3）风扇罩壳）风扇罩壳（4 4）紧固螺栓）紧固螺栓（5 5）主动齿轮）主动齿轮（6 6）进油管）进油管（7 7）机油滤清器支架）机油滤清器支架（8 8）双头插式插头）双头插式插头（9 9）散热器风扇热敏开）散热器风扇热敏开关关（1010）柴油机）柴油机33 2.Translate the followi

51、ng into English 2.Translate the following into English（1 1）水套）水套（2 2）水泵）水泵（3 3）散热器盖）散热器盖（4 4）真空阀）真空阀（5 5）机油泵）机油泵（6 6）机油滤清器）机油滤清器 （1）Water jacket（2）Water pump（3）Radiator cap（4）Vacuum valve（5）Oil pump（6）Oil filter343.Translate the following sentences into 3.Translate the following sentences into Engli

52、shEnglish(1)(1)When the engine is warm,When the engine is warm,the cooling system is the cooling system is over pressure.It is over pressure.It is necessary to release necessary to release pressure before starting pressure before starting repair work.repair work.(2)When installing coolant (2)When in

53、stalling coolant hoses,route stress-free hoses,route stress-free so that they do not come so that they do not come into contact with other into contact with other components(observe components(observe markings on coolant markings on coolant connection hose).connection hose).（1）当发动机温度高时，当发动机温度高时，冷区系统

54、压力高，在维冷区系统压力高，在维修之前有必要释放压力。修之前有必要释放压力。（2）当安装冷却液软当安装冷却液软管时，要按照顺序，这管时，要按照顺序，这样，它们就不能和其它样，它们就不能和其它部件接触。（观察冷却部件接触。（观察冷却液连接管处的记号）。液连接管处的记号）。35(3)Engine oils are graded(3)Engine oils are graded according to their viscosity.according to their viscosity.The proper grade to be used The proper grade to be use

55、d in your engine depends on in your engine depends on existing climatic or existing climatic or seasonal conditions.seasonal conditions.(4)When inserting the oil(4)When inserting the oil dipstick,insert the curved dipstick,insert the curved tip of the dipstick facing tip of the dipstick facing the s

56、ame direction as the the same direction as the curve of the guide.curve of the guide.(5)Visually inspect thermostat(5)Visually inspect thermostat for corrosion and proper for corrosion and proper sealing of valve and seat.sealing of valve and seat.If okay,suspend thermostat If okay,suspend thermosta

57、t and thermometer in a 50/50 and thermometer in a 50/50 mixture of coolant and water.mixture of coolant and water.（3）发动机机油根）发动机机油根据机油黏度分等级。据机油黏度分等级。发动机使用哪一等发动机使用哪一等积机油取决于当地积机油取决于当地的气候或季节变化的气候或季节变化情况。情况。（4）当插入机油尺）当插入机油尺时，要将机油尺的时，要将机油尺的突起端顺着导管的突起端顺着导管的突起端方向插进。突起端方向插进。（5）目视检查节温）目视检查节温器的腐蚀性和阀门器的腐蚀性和阀门与座的密封性。如与座的密封性。如果良好，则将节温果良好，则将节温器和温度计浸入器和温度计浸入50/50的冷却液和的冷却液和水的混合液中检查。水的混合液中检查。