八年下Unit4知识归纳直接与间接引语

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1、 1.直接引语：直接引述别人的话。直接引语：直接引述别人的话。eg.He said,“I like English.”直接引语一般放在引号中，句首的第一直接引语一般放在引号中，句首的第一 个字母大写。个字母大写。2.间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。eg.He said(that)he liked English.间接引语不用引号，间接引语在多数情间接引语不用引号，间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。况下构成宾语从句。直接引语变间接引语的注意事项直接引语变间接引语的注意事项1.1.人称变化：人称变化：人称代词和物主代词要根据转述人的立场作相应的变动，但直接引语中

2、第三人称不变。He said,“Is this your book?”He asked me if that was my book.She said，“Im coming.”She said that she was coming.“When will he come?”she asked.She asked when he would come.(一主二宾三不变一主二宾三不变)2.时态变化时态变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时(has/have+过去分词）过去分词）过去完成时过去完成时ca

3、nmaymust一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时(had+过去分词过去分词)过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时couldmighthad toMore Examples She said,“I dont want to listen to the music.”She said She said,“I am reading a book.”She said He said to her,“I will help you with your English this Saturday.”He asked her that Saturday.s

4、he didnt want to listen to the music.she was reading a book.he would help her with her English 注意：注意：如果所转述的内容表示客观真理或有表示某如果所转述的内容表示客观真理或有表示某一具体时间的状语，间接引语中的时态不变。一具体时间的状语，间接引语中的时态不变。The teacher said，“Light travels faster than sound in the air.”The teacher said light travels faster than sound in the air

5、.He said，“I was born in 1982.”He said that he was born in 1982.3.指示代词、时间状语变化指示代词、时间状语变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语nowtodaythis week(month,etc.)tomorrowthe day after tomorrownext week(year,etc.)yesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast week(year,etc.)three days(a year,etc.)agothenthat daythat week(month,etc.)the ne

6、xt/following daytwo days later(in two days time)the next/following week(year,etc.)the day beforetwo days before the week(year,etc.)beforethree days(a year,etc.)before状语、动词的变化状语、动词的变化 地点地点状语状语hereheretherethere动词动词comecomegogobringbringtaketake注意：注意：如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，herehere不必改不必改there,there,动词不必改动词不必

7、改go,go,如果在当天转述，如果在当天转述，yesterday,tomorrowyesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必等时间状语也不必改变。改变。直接引语变间接引语的基本类型：直接引语变间接引语的基本类型：1.直接引语如果是直接引语如果是陈述句陈述句，变间接引语时，用，变间接引语时，用that 引导，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、引导，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词要作相应的变化。地点状语、动词要作相应的变化。She said，“I went to Beijing yesterday.”她说：她说：“我昨天去了北京。我昨天去了北京。”She sai

8、d that she had gone to Beijing the day before.她说她前一天去了北京。她说她前一天去了北京。2.直接引语是直接引语是“一般疑问句时一般疑问句时”变间接引语的方法：变间接引语的方法：1)say to sb-ask sb/tell sb.2)引导词：引导词：if/whether 是否是否3)语序：语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序4)其余变化与其余变化与直接引语为陈述句直接引语为陈述句时相同时相同Exercises:1.He said,“Is this your book?”He asked me if/whether that was my book.2.Sh

9、e said,“Are you leaving for Shanghai tomorrow?”She asked me3.Tom said,“Did you see Jim last night?Tom asked meif I was leaving for Shanghai the next day.if/whether I had seen Jim the night before.3.特殊疑问句变间接引语特殊疑问句变间接引语1）say to sb-ask sb/tell sb.2)引导词：特殊疑问词引导词：特殊疑问词3）语序：陈述句语序）语序：陈述句语序4）其余变化同陈述句变间接引语相

10、同）其余变化同陈述句变间接引语相同Exercises:1.She said,“How does your brother get to school?”She asked(me)how my brother got to school.2.Gina said,“Which dress do you want?”Gina asked(me)3.Tom said,“What is your father doing now?”Tom asked(me)4.He said,“When will you come here again?”He asked(me)which dress I wanted

11、.what my father was doing then.when I would go there again.4.祈使句变间接引语祈使句变间接引语say to sb.-ask/tell/order（命令）（命令）sb.(not)to do sth.Exercises:1.“Go home now,”the teacher said to us.The teacher asked/told us to go home then.2.“Dont shout in the classroom,”he said to the students.He told the students not

12、to shout in the classroom.ExercisesExercises1.He said,“I like the weather here.”1.He said,“I like the weather here.”He said that he He said that he likedliked the weather the weather therethere.2.She said,“Im washing my hair now.”2.She said,“Im washing my hair now.”She said that she She said that sh

13、e was washingwas washing her hair her hair thenthen.3.Jo said,“Will your friends come to your 3.Jo said,“Will your friends come to your house tomorrow.”house tomorrow.”Jo asked if/whether my friends Jo asked if/whether my friends wouldwould go to my go to my house house the next daythe next day.4.Sh

14、e said,“I read the book yesterday.”4.She said,“I read the book yesterday.”She said she She said she had readhad read the book the book the day beforethe day before.5.Lucy said,“I can speak three languages.”5.Lucy said,“I can speak three languages.”Lucy said that she Lucy said that she could could sp

15、eak three languages.speak three languages.6.He said,“Do you go to school on foot?”6.He said,“Do you go to school on foot?”He asked if/whether I He asked if/whether I wentwent to school on foot.to school on foot.7.He said,“What subject do you like best?”7.He said,“What subject do you like best?”He as

16、ked me what subject I He asked me what subject I likedliked best.best.8.“Keep quiet,”the teacher said to us.8.“Keep quiet,”the teacher said to us.The teacher asked us The teacher asked us to keepto keep quiet.quiet.9.Tom said,“What are you doing next week?9.Tom said,“What are you doing next week?Tom

17、 asked what I Tom asked what I was doingwas doing the next week.the next week.10.“Dont worry about your English,”she10.“Dont worry about your English,”she said said to me.to me.She told me She told me not tonot to worry about my English.worry about my English.11.Mr Li said,“11.Mr Li said,“TheThe ear

18、th goes around the sun.earth goes around the sun.”Mr Mr Li Li said the earthsaid the earth goes goes around the sunaround the sun12.Ms Liu said,“When12.Ms Liu said,“When will you come here again?”will you come here again?”Ms Liu asked me when I Ms Liu asked me when I wouldwould go there again.go there again.