小学英语语法要点总结与习题

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1、Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsan dwichmanwoma n.二、-般现在时foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, , sheep-sheep,deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：小学英语语法要点总结及习题亠、名词复数规则1 .一般

2、情况下，直接力口-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,4. 以“ f或fe”结尾，变 f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5 .不规则名词复数：ma n-me n, woma n-wome n, policeman-policemen, policewoma n-police

3、wome n, mouse-mice child-childre nThe sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around thesun.地球绕着太阳转。般现在时的构成1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study En glish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数 (he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Ch

4、inese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语 + be + not + 其它。如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它？女口： -Are you a stude nt?-Y es. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don t( does nt ) + 动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does nt构成否定句。如：He does nt ofte n

5、 play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does. / No, she does nt.特殊疑问句 ：疑问词+ 一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加 -s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch.

6、 o 结尾，力口 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies(注意：辅音字母是指除了元音字母a、e、i、o、u五个以外的字母。)4 .不规则变化，如：have-has一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepass carrycome watchplantflystudybrushdo teach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often(have) dinner at h

7、ome.2. Mike and Tom(be) in Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Mon day.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sun day.5. they(like) the World Cup?6. Whatthey often(do) on Saturdays?7. your pare nts(read) n ewspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us En glish on Sun days.9. She and I(take) a walk together every ev

8、ening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I m stayi ng in bed.16. She(go) to school from Mon day to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child

9、 often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day(be) it today?It s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Tom watches TV every evening.（改为否定句 ）2.1 do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）4. Amy likes playing computer games.（改为一般疑问句，作否定

10、回答）5. We go to school every morning.（改为否定句 ）6. He speaks English very well.（ 改为否定句 ）7. I like taking photos in the park.（对划线部分提问 ）8. John comes from Canada.（ 对划线部分提问 ）9. She is always a good stude nt.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）10. Tom and Mike like going skating.（改为否定句）五、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1. Is your brother

11、speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don hertdohomework on Sun days.三、现在进行时1 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶 段正在进行的动作。2 .现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3 .现在进行时的否定句在be后加n ot。4 .现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5. 现在进行时的特殊疑问句的基本结构为：特殊疑问

12、词 + be +主语 +动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：特殊疑问词+ be +动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cook ing2 .以不发音的e 结尾，去 e 力口 ing, 如： make-maki ng, taste-tasti nging。如:3 .以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加run-r unning, stop-stopp ing,swim-swim ming .现在进行时专项练习：、写出下列动词的现在分词:playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingda

13、n ceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbegi nshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some n ice foodnow.4. Whatyou( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an En glish less on .6. They(n ot ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girl

14、s(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our gran ddaughter doing? She(liste n ) to music.9. It 5s o clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doi ng housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2. The stude nts are clea ning the classroom .(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3. I m playi ng the

15、football in the playgrou nd .( 对划线部分进行提问 )4. Tom is reading books in his study .(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, n ext day（week, mon th, year ,）,so on, the day after tomorrow （后天）等。二、基本结构：be goi ng to + do（原形）； will+ do（原形）.三、 否定句：在be动词（am, is, are ）后加not

16、或情态动词will后加not简写成 won t。例如：I m going to have a pic nic this after noon.f I m not going to have a pic nic this after noon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。this例如： We are going to play footballthis weekend. f Are you going to play footballweekend?五、对划线部分提问。1. 问人。Who 例如：I m going to New Y

17、ork soon.f Who s going to New York soon.2. 问干什么3.问时间4.问地点等（略）I am going to go swimmi ng tomorrow 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。Whatn ext Mon day? Iplay basketball.Whatyou do next Mo nday? Iplay basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。your mothergo shoppi n

18、g this?Y es, she. Shebuy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What timeyoumeet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camp ing.(改否定)Nancygoing to go camp ing.6. I ll go and join them.(改否定)Igojoi n them.7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. (改一般

19、疑问句)meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to liste n to music after school. (对戈 U线部分提问)sheafter school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We(have) a pic nic this after no

20、on.12. My brother(go) to Shan ghai n ext week.13. Tom ofte n(go) to school on foot. But today is rai n. He(go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weeke nds? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) in sects?15. It Fridays today. What she (do) this weekend? She(watch) TV and(catch) in sects.16. W

21、hat(d0) you do last Su nday? I(pick) apples on a farm. What(do) next Sun day? I(milk) cows.17.Mary(visit) her gran dpare nts tomorrow.18.Liu Tao(fly) kites in the playgr ound yesterday19.David(give) a puppet show n ext Mon day.20.I(pla n) for my study now五、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状

22、语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和口 is 在一般过去时中变为was。( was not=wasn t)are 在一般过去时中变为were。( were not=weren t )带有 was或were的句子，其否定、 疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样，即否定句在was或were后加not, 般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t + 动词原形，如：Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

23、女口： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？女口： Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1 .一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .结尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed ,女口： stop-stopped4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y为i , 再加-ed，如

24、：study-studied5. 不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-we nt, come-came, have-had,eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drin k-dra nk, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过

25、去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdoBe动词的过去时练习（1）一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. Iat school just now.2. Heat the camp last week.3. Westude nts two years ago.4. Theyon the farm a mome nt ago.5. Yang Lingeleve n years old last year.6. Therean apple on the plate

26、yesterday.7. Theresome milk in the fridge on Sun day.8. The mobile phoneon the sofa yesterday eve ning.二、句型转换1. It was excit ing.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 2. All the stude nts were very excited.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 3. They were in his pocket.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： Be动词的过去时练习(2)一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. Ian En glish teach

27、er now.2. Shehappy yesterday.3. Theyglad to see each other last mon th.4. Hele n and Nancygood frien ds.5. The little dogtwo years old this year.6. Look, therelots of grapes here.7.Today the sec ond of June. Yesterday the first of Jun e. It Childre n s Day. All the stude ntsvery excited.二、句型转换1. The

28、re was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 三、中译英1. 我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。2 .他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。3 .一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。行为动词的过去时练习(1)一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He(live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat(eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy(pick) up oranges on the farm last

29、 week.5. I(make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE less on.7. My mother(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls(sing) and(danee) at the party.二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 2. Nancy went to school early.否定

30、句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 3. We sang some En glish son gs.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 行为动词的过去时练习(2)一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.1 (watch) a carto on on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. Weto zoo yesterday, weto the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sun day? Yes,

31、he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7.1 (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. Whatshe(find) in the garden last morning? She(find) a beautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playgro und.否定句：一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 三、中译英1. 格林先生去年住在中国。2. 昨天我们参观了农场。3. 他刚才在找他的钢笔。过去时综合练

32、习(1)一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be) Ben s birthday last Friday.2. We all(have) a good time last night.3. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen(milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likesnewspapers, but shea book yesterday. (read)6. Hefootball now, but theybasketball just now. (play)7. Jim s mother(plant) trees jus

33、t now.8. they(sweep) the floor on Sun day? No, they.9. I(watch) a carto on on Mon day.10. We(go) to school on Sun day.二、中译英1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园4. 你上周在哪儿？在野营基地。过去时综合练习(2)一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White(go) to his office by car.2. Gao S

34、han(put) the book on his head a mome nt ago.3. Don ttheouseh. Mumit yesterday. (clea n)4. Whatyoujust now? Isome housework. (do)5. They(make) a kite a week ago.6. I want toapples. But my dadall of them last mon th. (pick)7. hethe flowers this morning? Y es, he. (water)8. She(be) a pretty girl. Look,

35、 she(do) Chinese dances.9. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room.10. WhatMike do on the farm? Hecows. (milk)二、中译英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用 more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主

36、格（口语中可 用宾格）。2. 形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母e结尾，力口 r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；以“辅音字母+y ”结尾，先把 y变i，再加er。3 .不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副词的比较级1.形容词与副词的区别（有be用形，有形用be;有动用副，有副用动）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后well-better, far-farther)副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词（即行为动词）之后2 .副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同（不规则

37、变化:三、练习一）、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级oldyoungtalllongshortstro ngbigsmallfatthi nheavylightn icegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwell二）、根据句意填入单词的正确形式1. My brother is two years(old)tha n me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) tha n you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(th in ),you or Hele n? Hele n is.5.

38、 Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary s hair is as(long) as Lucy s.7. Be n(jump)(high) tha n some of the boys in his class.8. Nancy sing(well) tha n Hele n? Y es, she.9. Fa ngfang is not as(tall) as the other girls.10. My eyes are(big) tha n(she).11. Which is(heavy),the elepha nt

39、or the pig?12. Who gets up(early),Tim or Tom?13. the girls get up(early) tha n the boys?No,they.14. Jim runs(slow). But Ben runs(slow).15. The child does n t(write) as(fast) as the stude nts.三)、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。isthan Jim ?are2、谁比 David更强壮？是Gao Shan. tha n David?Gao Shan 3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。pen

40、cil is,or？ is,I th ink.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的?我的弟弟的 apples ,youror your?My .5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。asas your un cle? Yes,l am.6、他和他的朋友 Jim 一样年轻Heas as Jim.7. 她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No,tha n him.8. Yang Ling每天睡得比 SuYang晚。Yang Lingto than Su Yang every day.9. 我跳得和Mike 一样远。Iasas Mike.10. Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的，他

41、和我跑得一样快。Tomtha n you?No,he. Heasas.11. 多做运动，你会更强壮。more exercise,you llsoon.12. 我的科学很好，但是语文不好。Iat Science.But I don twell in Chinese.13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,litthan.14. 我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like.All my than me.15. 我的姐姐起得比我早。Myupthan me.16. 女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。the girls the boys

42、? Yes,they.17. 她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She does n tin PE. But I don tthan.18. 你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。youfootballthan your classmates?No,theyasas me.19 .我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My than my.20. 她的毛衣和我的一样重。sweater asas.21. 我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress too. I want toaone.七、There be 句型与have, has 的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人

43、)2、 在there be句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is ; 主语是复数， be动词用 are ;如有几件物品，be动词根据最接近be动词的那个名词决定。3、 there be句型的否定句在be动词后加 not , 般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、 there be 句型与have(has)的区另U : there be表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。5、 some和any在there be句型中的运用：some用于肯定句， any用于否定句或疑问句。6、 and和or在there be句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问

44、的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many +名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What s +介词短语？Fill in the blank with“ have,has ” or “ there is , there are”1.Ia good father and a good mother.2.a telescope on the desk.3.Hea tape-recorder.4.a basketball in the playgro und5.Shesome

45、 dresses.6.Theya nice garde n.7. What do you?8. a read in g-room in the build ing?9. What does Mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. My fathera story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many studentsin the classroom?15. My parentssome nice pictures.16. some maps o

46、n the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. Davida telescope.19. David s friendssome tents.20. many childre n on the hill.用恰当的 be动词填空。1、Therea lot of sweets in the box.2、Theresome milk in the glass.3、Theresome people under the the big tree.4、Therea picture and a map on the wall.5、Therea box of

47、 rubbers near the books.6、Therelots of flowers in our garden last year.7、Therea tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday8、Therefour cups of coffee on the table.Fillin thebla nk with“ have, has ”1.Ia nice puppet.2.Hea good friend.3.Theysome masks.4.Wesome flowers.5.Shea duck.6.My fathera new bike.7

48、.Her mothera vase.8.Our teacheran En glish book.9.Our teachersa basketball.10.Their pare ntssome bla nkets11.Nancymany skirts.12.Davidsome jackets.13.My friendsa football.14.What do you?15.What does Mike?16.What do your frie nds?17.What does Hele n?18.His brothera basketball.19.Her sistera n ice dol

49、l.20.Miss Lian En glish book.八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别: 格一般位于动词或介词之后。主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单 独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性我Ime我的mymi ne你，你们youyou你的，你们的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我们weus我们的ourours他（她，它）们theythem他（她，它）们的theirtheirs

50、二用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is notkite. That kite is very small, butis very big.( I )2. The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is thiswatch? (you) No, it s not. ( I )4. is my brother.n ame is Jack. Look! Those stamps are.(he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is

51、? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but where s? ( you )8. Showyour kite, OK? (they)t here.9. I have a beautiful cat.n ame is Mimi. These cakes are. ( it )10. Are theset ickets? No,are not.aren(they )11. Shallhave a look at that classroom? That isclassroom. ( we )12. is my aunt. Do you knowjob?a nu rse.

52、( she )13. That is notcamera.is at home. ( he )14. Where are? I can t find. Let s callparen ts. ( they )15. Don t touch.not a cat,a tiger!16. sister is ill. Please go and get. ( she )17. don t know her n ame. Would you please tell. ( we )18. So many dogs. Let s count. ( they )19. I have a lovely bro

53、ther.is only 3. I likevery much. ( he )20. May I sit beside? ( you )21. Look at that desk. Those book are on. ( it)九、用 am, is, are 填空I. 1a boy. you a boy? No, Inot.2. The girlJacks sister.3. The dogtall and fat.4. The man with big eyesa teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Whereyour mother? S

54、heat home.7. How your father?8. Mike and Liu Taoat school.9. Whose dressthis?10. Whose socks they?II. Thatmy red skirt.12. WhoI?13. The jea nson the desk.14. Herea scarf for you.15. Heresome sweaters for you.16. The black gloves for Su Yang.17. This pair of glovesfor Yang Ling.18. The two cups of mi

55、lkfor me.19. Some teain the glass.20. Gao shans shirtover there.21. My sisters nameNancy.22. Thisnot Wang Fangs pencil.23. David and Hele n from En gla nd?24. Therea girl in the room.25. Theresome apples on the tree.26. there any kites in the classroom?27. there any apple juice in the bottle?28. Theresome bread on the plate.29. Therea boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. You, he and Ifrom China.