2013年职称英语新增文章理工C(WORD版本)

《2013年职称英语新增文章理工C(WORD版本)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2013年职称英语新增文章理工C(WORD版本)（10页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、第十一篇When our Eyes Serve our Stomach Our senses arent just delivering a strict view of whats going on in the world;theyre affected by whats going on in otir heads, A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people whove just eaten. Psychologists have known for decad

2、es that whats going on,inside our head affects our senses. For example,poorer cliildren think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter, Remi Radel of University of Nice Sopbia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right

3、 away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brains high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index.On the day of his or her rest,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eat

4、ing. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten. For the experiment,the participant looked at a computer screen. One by o

5、ne ,80 words flashed on the screen for about 1/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word , eachperson was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words th

6、eyd seen -a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it. Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reli

7、ably seen, this means that the difference is in perception not in thinking processes,Radel says. This is something great to me, Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment,1 know that our brain can really be at the disposal of 6 our motives andneeds , Radel

8、 says.词汇：threshold n. 起点，开端；门槛 disposal n. 处理，处置：配置neutral adj.中性的；中立的 motive n. 动机，目的strive v. 努力.力求：斗争注释：1.Our senses arent just delivering a strict view of in our heads ：这个句子的大概意思是：我们的五官感觉不仅仅让我们感知世界；五官感觉还受大脑活动的影响。2.university of Nice Sophia-Antipolis ：法国尼斯 索菲亚 安提波利斯大学t 简称尼斯大学1965年经法国政令正式宣布成立。尼斯大学

9、在尼斯市设有7 处主校园，另外，还在萦菲亚 ，安提波利斯市( Sophia Antipolis) 、戛纳市( Cannes) 和芒东市( Menton) 设有校区。索菲亚 安提波利斯是位于尼斯市西南侧的科技园区，是许多高等学府的所在地。3.body mass index ：身体质量指数4.at the threshold of：当快要开始时5.in perception ：感知6.at the disposalof：受到的控制练习： 1. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find? A Hungry people see eve

10、ry word more clearly than ordinary people. B Hungry people are always thinking of food-related words. C Hungrypeople are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people. D Hungry people do not have lower-level of thinking process.2. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment? A

11、 Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach. B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees,hungry and non-hungry. C Because noon was not the right time for any experiment. D Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.3. What does the writer wan

12、t to tell us? A Humans senses arent just delivering a strict view of whats going on in the world. B Whats perceived by our senses affects onr way of thinking. C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs. D Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses. 4.

13、What did the results of the experiment indicate? A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.B Hungry people were better at identifying neutral words. C People who bad just eaten were better at identifying food-related words. D The participants could barel

14、y perceive what they needed or wbat they strived for. 5. What can we infer from the passage? A 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation. B An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable. C Our thinking proeesses are independent of our senses. D Humans

15、 can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.答案与题解：1.C 第一段第二句是本题答案的依据。饥肠辘辘的人只是看food-related words 比较清楚.选项C 的句意与上述句子的意思完全一致，是答案。选项A 说的是every word.所以不是答案。选项B 和D 文章中没有提到。2. B 答案的根据可在第三段找到。Radel为了保证42 名学生到达实验室时是空腹，所以要求他们中午到达。然后告诉一部分学生实验时间推迟了，请他们10 分钟后再来。他又请另外一部分学生用午餐。Rade

16、l用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组与饱食组。选项B 是答案.3.C 虽然A、B、D 选项均可在文中找到对应部分，但只属于细节.而非主旨，因此不能选。本文最后一句给出了直接的答案。4.A 第四段第三行中consciously 与A 项中的intentionally 是同义词。B 项neutral 意思为“ 中性的” 在本文中的意思是与food-relatad 相对的，即“与食物不相关的” 因此是错误选择：C项不符合课文原意；D项barely 意为“仅仅，勉强，几乎没有” 因此也不符合句意。5.D 选项A 所说的实验样本的大小与本题主旨无关，不是答案，而是干扰项；B、C 内容也不能直接从

17、短文中推断出来。选项D 是答案. 最后一段第二句的“Humans an really perceive what they need or what they strive for”为选择D 项提供了依据。 第十九篇 Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener ExperienceShimi,a musical companion developed by Georgia Techs Center for Music Technology, recommends songs,dances to the beat and keeps the music p

18、umping based on listener feedback. The smartphone-enableds ,one-foot-tall robot is billed as an interactive musical friend. Shimi is designed to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music, said Professor Gil Weinberg , the robots creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th G

19、oogle I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests ,dancing in sync with music created in the lab and composed according to its movements. Shimi is essentially a docking station with abrain powered by an Android phone. Once docked the robot gains the sensing

20、and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device. In other words, if theres an app for that, Shimi is ready. For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software, Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its ears , or speakers,for optimal sound. Another

21、recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat Shimi analyzes it,scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best matches the suggestions. Once the music starts, Shimi dances to the rbythm. Many people think that robots are limited by their program

22、ming instructioms, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan, Shimi shows us that robots can be creative and interactive. Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease

23、the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list. Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimis reative and interactive capabilities. I believe that our cente

24、r is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes. Weinberg said,Weinberg is in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement will Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. If robots are going to arri

25、ve in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines- small,entertaining and fun, Weinberg said. They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.词汇:pump v. 用抽水机抽：不断播放(音乐） scan v. 扫描；浏览sync n. 同步，同时；iv. 使同步 skip v. 轻跳，跳跃tempo n. 速度；节奏注释：1 . Georg

26、ia Tech ：全称是Georgia Institute of Technology ，佐治亚理工学院，建于1885 年，位于亚特兰大市中心。佐治亚理工学院是美国南部最大的公立理工学院，也是全美最顶尖的理工学院之一 排名仅次于麻省理工学院(MTT) 和加州理工学院( CalTech) 。2. pump ：不断播放(音乐 ) 。例如：This radio station recently pumps out pop music. ( 这家广播电台近来连续播放流行音乐。)3. smartphone-enabled：由智能手机系统支持的4. is billed as ：相当于is advertis

27、ed as ,意为“被标榜为”5. docking station：插接站，扩充基座，扩展插口6. Android：(科幻小说里的)机器人。本文指用于智能手机和便携式计算机移动设备的一种以Linus 为基础的开放源代码操作系统，通过接口和插槽连接多种外部设备。目前Android尚未有统一中文译名, 国内较多人翻译成“安卓”或”安致”。据2012年2月数据，Android占据全球智能手机操作系统市场52.5%的份额，中国市场占有率为68.4%。7. dock ： 对接8. the sensing and musical generation capabilities ：传感和音乐生成能力9. a

28、pp：应用程序( =application)10. if the user taps a beat ：如果用户打出某个( 音乐) 拍子11 .in the works：正在准备阶段：在进行中或准备中12. intelligent service robots ：智能服务型机器人练习： 1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? A Shimi is a one-foot tall robot. B Shimi is the creator of the musical compan

29、ion. C Shimi is a docking station with abrainpowered by an Android phone. D Shimi can gain tbe sensing and musical generation capabilities of the users mobile device.2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? A It stores the beat in the musical library. B It transmits the beat to the docking stat

30、ion.C It Positions its speakers for optimal sound. D It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with alat beat.3. Which of the following about Shimi is true? A Robots are limited by their programming instructions ,and Shimi is no exception. B Present apps allow the user to shake their

31、head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song. C Existing apps allow the user to wave a band to alert Shimi to turn up/down the volume. D Shimi can be creative and interactive._ 4. What does the author want to tell us? A The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi. B Weinber

32、g only expects staffs from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for Shimi. C Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercialization. D Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes. 5. Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion? A Shimi as a robotic musical compani

33、on can be applied to all types of smart phones. B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes. C Shimis creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated by most of its users. D Weinberg has reached an agreement with Georgia Tech to commercialize Shimi.答案与题解：1.B

34、 在前三段中均可找到与选项A、C、D 相应的句子，强调Shimi是一种电子设备；B 与原文不符，Shimi不是该机器人的发明者，Gi1 Weinberg 教授才是the robots creator。2.D 选项D 简要地表述了第三段的倒数第二句“If the user taps a beat，Shimi analyzes it， scans the phones musical library and immediately plays the song that best matches the suggestion”的意思，所以是答案。选项A、B、C 都不符合上述句子的含义。3.D 选项

35、A 的意思与原文相反，虽然人们认为机器人受到程序指令的限制，但Shimi 却表现出具有创造能力和互动能力，所以A 不是答案。选项D 的意思与原文相同. 因而是答案。第四段第三句指的是未来的应用程序：future apps in the works，而选项B，C 是指目前的应用程序，两者的表述均与原文有出入。4.A 第三段介绍Shimi的多种功能，第四段和第五段说Weinberg 还在开发更多的应用程序来丰富Shimi 的功能，还希望其他研发者也参与开发，因此，A 是答案。选项B 说Weinberg仅仅希望Georgia Tech 员工参与开发更多的应用软件.这与原文不符。文章最后一段告诉我们，

36、Weinberg 正在与Georgia Tech 进行有关Shimi 商业化的谈判. 选项C 的意思与此相反，不会是答案。选项D 也与原文不符。5. B 选项A、C 和D 的内容Weinberg 都没有说过。第三段告诉我们，Shimi是Android smartphone 的扩充基座，并不适用于所有智能手机，所以A 选项不正确；sShimi 尚未进人市场，还谈不上公众对Shimi 欣赏与否的问题，因此选项C 不符合原意；Shimi正在进行商业化运作，但绝非已经完成，所以D 也不是正确选项。本题的答案是B 依据是最后一段倒数第二句。第八篇Why India Need Its Dying Vult

37、uresThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp(1)in three species of Indias vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration ,and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental (2). The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption

38、to people living in the same areas as the (3) . It is also causing serious public health problems(4) the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have(5) played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It

39、is(6) they feed on dead cows. In India,cows are sacred animals and are (7)left in the open wben they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has (8) an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that

40、rabies may (9)as a result. And arts terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region ,since wild dogs are its main camers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species ,causing an even greater problem in the (10)The need for action is (11),so an emergency project has been launched t

41、o(12)a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds deaths and , if possible , develop a cure.Large-scale vulture (13) were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of v

42、ultures had declined (14) over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as critically endangered, As most vultures lay only single eggs and(15) about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficul: exercise.练习： 1. A decline B rise C teeth D eyes 2.

43、A benefit B debate C problem D solution 3. A plants B birds C humans D cows 4. A over B with C through D across 5. A sometimes B long C suddenly D hardly 6. A who B when C because D where7. A traditionally B occasionally C possibly D finally 8. A came from B adjusted to C resulted from D led to 9. A

44、 drop B increase C disappear D change 10. A future B past C villages D mountains 11. A recent B urgent C frequent D rare 12. A neglect B use C remove D find 13 A cures B arrivals C deaths D journeys 14. A along B on C in D by 15. A take B adopt C consume D waste 答案与题解：1. A 通篇文章都在叙述秃鹰濒临灭种对印度环境的负面影响，而

45、且文章的标题中的”dying vultures“也提供了线索。decline符合上下文的意思，是答案。rise与上下文的意思相反。sharp teeth和sharp eyes是秃鹰的特点，但文章并未提及。 2.C 秃鹰濒临灭亡，给环境带来问题。上一句的“alarm rather than celebration” 提供了解题的线索，至于debate 和solution，文章并未涉及。 3. B 秃鹰数量的减少对当地居民是一种灾难。此外，对谁也是一种灾难呢？as 引出的对象是谁呢？ 这个对象不会是humans，plants 或cows。 答案是birds。 4.D 作者原来的用词一定是acros

46、s tbe Indian sub-continent(整个印度次大陆) 不可能是over the Indian sub-continent(在印度次大陆上空) with the Indian sub-continent(与印度次大陆一起) 或though the Indian sub-continent ( 穿越印度次大陆) 。5. B 本段前面的句子描述了秃鹰在保护该地区的环境上作用很大,所以秃鹰不会是时有时无( sometimes)地起作用，或突然地( suddenly ) 起作用，或几乎不( hardly ) 起作用。只有选long ( 长期以来一直) 起作用才合乎上下文的意思。 6.C

47、 为什么秃鹰会起保护环境的作用呢？本段的下半段说出了其中的原因。牛在印度被视为神物，死后露尸户外，任其腐烂。秃鹰以食牛的尸体为生，同时也清除了污染源，保护了城镇和乡村的环境. 这些句子讲的是原因，所以选择because 是对的。 7. A 文章说每年有成千上万头牛死亡并露尸城镇和乡村。既然是这样，就不会是偶尔(oceasionally)nally)或可能(poosibly)或最终(finally)露尸在城镇和乡村。露尸户外是印度的传统，所以traditionlly 是答案。 8. D 本段第一句表达的是因果关系。The disappearance of the vultures 是因，an e

48、xplosion the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals是果。四个选项中只有led to (导致) 能表达这种因果关系，所以led to 是答案。 9. B 野狗是狂犬病菌的主要携带者，野狗大量的出现当然会增加狂犬病扩散的危险性.而不是相反。所以选increase 是正确的，而drop 是increase 的反义词，不会是答案。change 或disappear 都脱离了上下文的意思，所以不是答案。 10. A 狂犬病从野狗传到人身上已经非常可怕，如果再传到其他动物身上问题就更严重了。四个选项中

49、，选future 构成词组in the future(在未来) 符合上下文的意思。 11. B 从后面的“an emergeney project has been launched(启动了应急项目)”可以推断出要选的形容词是urgent(紧迫的)。 12.D 启动应急项目是为了找到一个解决的办法。neglect a solution，use a solution 或remove a solution 显然不符合上下文的意思。find 是答案。 13. C 本段说秃鹰的数量急剧减少，已被列为濒危物种，本题的选项cures(治疗法)、arrivals( 到达) 或journeys ( 旅程) 与

50、本段后面一句“All three species are now listed as critically endangered ”所表达的意思接不上。选deaths，全段的意思就连贯了。因此，deaths 是答案。 14. D 在四个选项中，along,on,in明显不合适。 by 有 “到( 某事物) 的程度”的意思。”the three species of vultures had declined by over 90per cent”的意思是”三种秃鹰的数量减少了90%以上”。 15.A “花费或用多少时间”英语的常用的表达法是“takedays/months，etc. ”选tak

51、e 是正确的。其他三个选项都不合适。第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modem world since every year more _1_constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our _2_ although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petrona

52、s Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a _3_of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city.

53、 The American _4_ Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around 1，800 square metres of office space_5_ every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other _6_ of this impressive building include double-decker lift

54、s, and glass and steel sunshades.The MiUau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tam Valley，in southern France. _7_ the time it was built，it was the worlds highest bridge, _8_ over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the wo

55、rld. It was built to _9_ Millaus congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the _10_ extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric

56、 power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, _11_ forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between th

57、e two_12_. The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguays and 25% of Brazils _13_ needs. In its construction, the _14_ of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a _15_ amazing wonder of engineering.词汇：worthy adj.值

58、得的surpass v.超过，胜过symbolize v.象征congestion n.拥挤withstand v. 经受住seismic 地震的dam n. 堤，坝hydroelectric adj. 水电的注释：1. The Petronas Twin Towers: 国油双峰塔，又称吉隆坡双子塔。建于1997年，共有88层，高达452公尺，曾是世界上最高的摩天楼。国油双峰塔由两幢大楼组成，两幢楼的第41层由58公尺长的天桥连接。这座设计新颖的、大量使用了木锈钢与玻璃等建材的双峰塔是吉隆坡市的象征。不论你在吉隆坡的哪一个角落都可以看到这座十分现代化的建筑物。2. Kuala Lumpur:

59、吉隆坡（马来西亚首都)3. The Millau Bridge: 米约高架桥。位于法国西南部的米约市，横跨在塔恩河仙境般的河谷之上，是通住法国南部地中海地区75号高速公路段上的枢纽工程。建造这座斜拉索式桥梁共花费了3年多的时间，总耗资3.94亿欧元。这座大桥全长2.46公里，总重29万吨，大桥距地面270米，大桥斜拉索的最高点距离地面343米，髙出埃菲尔铁塔23米，是当时世界上最高的桥梁。4. The Itaipu Dam: 伊泰普水电站。伊泰普水电站是目前世界上最大的水电站之一，由巴西和巴拉圭斥资共建，两国电力公司分别拥有水电站的一半产权。整个坝长7 853米，水位落差118.4米。水库面积

60、1 350平方公里(其中巴西侧750平方公里，巴拉圭侧600平方公里），容量290亿立方米。自1991年起，伊泰普水电站每年发电收益约23亿美元。5. the River Parana: 巴拉那河。南美洲第二大河。6. Brazil: 巴西(南美洲一国名）7. Paraguay: 巴拉圭(南美洲一国名）8. Eiffel Towers: 埃菲尔铁塔。埃菲尔铁塔是法国巴黎著名建筑，也是巴黎的象征。塔高985 英尺，于1889年为世界博览会而建造，其塔身几乎完全由开放晶格的熟铁制成。练习A. delightful B. useful C. wonderful D. carefulA. admira

61、tion B. passion C. expression D. detectionA. length B. width C. height D. volumeA. inventor B. architect C. scientist D. merchantA. below B. in C. above D. onA. types B. parts C. roles D. featuresA. A.t B. within C. from D. uponA. developing B. expanding C. stretching D. reachingA. restrict B. reserve C. relieve D. relaxA. most B. much C. more D. lessA. what B. which C. who D. thatA. countries B. provinces C. areas D. regionsA. water B. oil C. energy D. foodA. amount B. number