医学考博英语高频词汇分类整理必须掌握

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1、2015 年医学考博专业相关词汇整理学习参考1. 医院相关词汇 chi Idren*s hospitaI 医院 genera I hospital, polyclinic 综 合 医院 maternity hospital 产科医院 mentaI hospital, mentaI home 精神病院 obstetr ics and gynecoIogy产医院 plasticsurgery hospital 外科医院 stomatological hospitaI 医院 tuberculosis hospitaI 院tumor hospitaI clinic first-aid station

2、hospitaI polyclinic quarantine station rest homeneurology department神经科neurosurgery department精神外科obstetr ics and gynecology department 妇 产 科ophtha I mo I ogy department眼科orthopedic surgery department矫形夕卜科orthopedics department骨科otolaryngological department耳鼻喉科pediatr ics department pathology 小儿科 病理

3、 department plastic surgery psychiatry科 整形外科department thoracic surgery department精神病科 科 traumatology department urology department 脑外 X-ray department registration office处肿瘤医院 诊疗所急救站 联合诊疗所防疫站休养所疗养院 科室 专科医院 普通医院out-patient department, in-patientdepartment nursing department consulting伤外科 泌room wa it

4、ing尿科放射科挂号OPDJ诊部sanatoriumdepartmen社 区医院specialized hospital genera I 公立医院 私立医院 hospitaI community hospitatlreatment 普 pub Iic hospital private hospital conventional clinic 门诊 ward med i caI team med icaI department surgical departmentanesthesiologydepartmentcardiologydepartment dental department病房

5、dermato logy department医疗队内科外科 麻醉 科 心脏病科 牙 科 皮肤科department of cardiac surgery心脏夕卜科department of cerebral surgery胸夕卜科genera I surgery普通外科住院部护理部诊室room候诊室admittingoffice住院处 急诊emergency room室operationroom, operation theatre手术室laboratory blood bank化验室pharmacy, di spensary血库ward med i caI ward药房 病房surgica

6、I ward maternity内科病房ward iso I ation ward外科病房 产科observation ward?病房 隔离病hospitaI bed staff房观察室 病 床人员2.医疗人员职衔职称physician/interni st内科医生pharmacist药剂医生oculi st/eye doctor眼科医生family doctor家庭医生surgeon外科医牛di rec tor of the hospital院长general practitioner全科医牛chief of/ professor主任医牛clinician临床医生attendi ng/vis

7、itingdoctor主治医牛dentist牙科医牛resident doctor住院医生orthoped i st骨科医生intern doctor实习医生anesthetist麻醉师chief of pharmacy主任药师gynecologist妇科医生associate chief ofpharmacy副主任药师dermatologi st皮肤科医生pharmac i st- i n-charge主管药卩帀obstetr ician产科医生head nurse护士长pediatrician儿科医生nurse-in-charge主管护士psychologist心理医牛student nu

8、rse实习护士dietician营养科医生3.药物词汇drug therapy药物治疗peniciIlin盘尼西林medicinal herbs药用草药aspi r in阿司匹林tablet药片vitam in维他命pill药丸antibiotic抗生素capsule胶囊medication药物drug therapy药物治疗gauze纱布side effects副反应eye drops眼药drug abuse药物滥用pad药棉块drugstore药房syrup糖浆over the counter (OTC)非处方药mixture合剂drug allergy药物过敏drop滴刑drug poi

9、soning药物中毒powder药粉prescription处方ointment药膏expenses for med i c i ne药费stethoscope听诊器charges for medicine医药费syr inge注射器drug rebate药品回扣4.症状相关词汇symptom病症flu流感have a cold感冒asthma哮喘have a cough咳嗽pneumon i a肺炎have a sore throat嗓子痛hypertension咼血压have a stomachache胃痛diabetes糖尿病have a toothache牙痛allergy过敏have

10、 a fever发热feel dizzy头晕have a stuffed nose鼻子不通stiff僵硕的twi sted / spra ined扭伤的swe11i ng肿胀twinge刺痛bump肿块sneeze打喷嚏ulcer溃疡hiccup打嗝infect传染vomit呕吐cramp痉挛sick恶心paralysis麻痹，瘫痪，无能力high fever高烧tearing pain裂痛chills发冷continuous pain持续痛sweats发汗uncomfortable不舒服night sweats盗汗colic绞痛tiredness / fatigue倦总radiating p

11、ain放射痛insomnia失眠sore pain溃烂痛stiffness in shoulder肩头发硕crampy pain痉挛痛sneeze打喷嚏persistent pain顽痛hiccup打嘯siight pain轻痛itch痒b1oody ur ine血尿low back pain腰疼blood analysis验血headache头疼red cel 1红血球pain (ache)痛white cel 1白血球acute pain急性疼痛respi ration rate呼吸数severe pa in激痛expiration呼气dul1 pain钝痛inspi ration吸气pr

12、essing pain压痛difficulty in breathing呼吸困难sharp pain刺痛i rregular pulse不规则脉搏piercing pain戳痛cloudy ur ine尿浑浊throbbing pain一跳一跳地痛glucosur ia糖尿prickling pain针扎似的痛thin, skinny瘦burning pain烧痛fat, obese肥5.医疗手段 med i ca I treatme ntsmedical treatment医疗diagnosing and treating诊断和治med ica1 i nstruments医疗器械疗diagn

13、ose (v) 诊断(n)diagnosisconsult the doctor (v)咨询prevent (v)预防remedy治疗法steri1ize (v)消毒anesthetic麻醉剂administrate a drug开药local anesthetic局麻prevent and treat disease (v)防治general anesthetic全麻疾病incidence发生率TCM中医morta1ity死亡率chemotherapy化疗fatality致命性radioactive therapy放疗morbidity发病率med i ca1 service医疗服务stet

14、hoscope听诊器complain of (v)主述first aid急救health checkup健康普查therapy疗法anesthesia麻醉take one* s temperature量体bandage扎上绷带温dress包扎give a prescr ipt ion开药diagnosis诊斷make up a prescription配药discharge from hospital退院take medicine / take pi 1Is吃药case history病历get an injection / havean injectionadmission to hospi

15、ta1入院打针soothe安慰、緩和operation外科手术recover复原、痊愈transplant移植手术X-rayX线have an operation动手术MRI備共振成像be admitted to hospital入院feel one* s pulse测脉搏be discharged from hospital出院take one* s blood pressure量血压6.医疗休制med i ca Isysternhealthcare system med i医疗体制medicaI insurance system体医疗保险caI d i sputes医疗纠纷系med i c

16、al accident医疗爭故medicaI aid fund医疗救助doctor-patient relationship医患基金关系7.医徳 medicaI ethicsmedical ethics pat医德considerste 的果断的ient-or iented以病人为resolute service服务质量核心qua Iityhumanistic人道主义富于同情性的体贴的compassionate周到7.各类疾病词汇 肺炎pneumonia肝炎hepatitis脑膜炎brain fever/meningitis膀胱炎cystitis急性胃炎acute gastritis胃炎gas

17、tr itis支乞管炎bronchitis阑尾炎appendicitis胃肠炎gastroenteritis乳腺炎mastitis肿瘤tumor禽流感bi rdflu/avianinfluenza非典SARS(Severe AcuteRespi ratory Syndrome)疯牛病mad cow disease黑、死病black death白血病leukemia爱滋病AIDS (Acquired ImmuneDeficiency Syndrome)流感influenza白内障cataract狡犬病rabies中风stroke冠心病coronary heart disease糖屎病diabet

18、es肺癌lung cancer肝癌1iver cancer肺结核pul monary tuberculosis慢性病chronic disease急性病acute d i sease肺乞肿emphysema cancer of胃癌胃stomach stomach病trouble heart d i心脏病sease comp Iicat并发症ions hypertens ion咼血压kidney problem肾病diabetes obesity糖尿病肥胖绝症terminal iI Iness不治之症incurable i I Iness8.心理健康词汇sub-health psychologi

19、cal亚健廉benefits psycho logical心理健展prob Iem心理问题psychologicalconsul tation咨询psychological obstacles心理障碍mentaI obstacles psycho心理障碍logical massage心理按摩psychology心理学/心理psychotherapy psycho心理治疗logical expert心理专家9.饮食，营养与健康nutrient营养素蛋白protein质fat脂肪glucose葡萄糖vitami n维生素sugar糖吳heat calories quantity of heat热量

20、carbohydrate soft碳水化合物beverage软饮料cholesterol a weI胆固醇I-balanced nutritdiet均衡饮食ion营养癌症早期cancer of early stage癌症说期cancer of late stage急症emergency case重症ser ious iIIness疑难病diff icu Itcomplicatedcasesanshort breath综合症syndrome病程process近视short-sighted(adj)传染病infectious diseasesquestionnai re问卷调查overcome f

21、rustrat客服ion wiI I power挫折意志opt imism力、毅力乐观optimistic be乐现的sensitive to对敏感nervous神经的stress / pressure / tension紧张 depress/ depressed / depression沮丧 抑有Eanti-depression drugs抗抑郁药nutrit ional营养的有营nutritious养的nutritionist ma营养学家营Inutr it ion养失调物质代谢metabol i sm fat无脂食品熟食谷free food the物prepared food食品短缺一日

22、grain三餐失衡food shortages breakfast lunch supper imbalance (n) unba I anee (a)10.生活习惯，运动与健康I ife-sty le生活习惯disorder of body and mind身心失衛 physicaland mentaI disorder 身体 / 心理失衡quick/high tempo of I ife快节冬的生活beaccustomed to sth ?习惯ample sleep充足的睡眠const itution体质relax oneself自我放松hormone激素physical exercise

23、s体育锻炼sub-health亚健康enterta inment娱乐resist mutationI防癌sustain the exercise habit保持锻炼习immunomodulator免疫调节剂惯enthusiasm热悄11?听力中的医学词汇n.芬芳：香味；香气ambulancen.救护车fragraneebellyn.肚，腹部gastrica.胃的be Ilyachen.腹痛gastr iti sH.胃炎be I Iy-buttonn?脐hepatitisn?肝炎bilen.胆汁hormonen.荷尔蒙，激素bladdern. t,膀胱.hospitalizeV.使住院bosom

24、n.胸；内心；胸hypertensionn.高血压boweln.肠：内部immunodeficiencyn.免疫缺陷：免疫缺cardiogramn.心电图损casualtyn.伤亡事故；伤亡人员infectiousa.传染的，传染性的chambern.议院；腔，心室inpatient n住院病人chemotherapyn.化疗insanea.精神错乱的：精神病chromosomen.染邑体的chronica.慢性的，长期的inspectionn.检杳，检验；审杳cloneV.克隆inspi reV.使产生灵感；鼓cocainen.可卡因/flit舞coman.昏迷lethaIa.致死的，致命的

25、constipationn.便秘ma Ifunct ionn.故障：功能碍障contaminateV.弄脏，污染med i c i naIa.药的：药用的；台疗的crampn.夹，钳；痉挛，绞痛morphinen.吗啡deficiencyn.缺之；营养缺之nausean.悪心:暈船症obesityn.肥胖症d i arrhean.腹泻scalpeln.手术刀carbondiox iden.二氧化碳scanv.扫描；审视：浏览disinfectV.杀苗，消毒suiciden. / v. 自杀drowsya.昏昏欲唾的；催眠的vaccinate v.接种；种牛疽dysfunctionn.功能障碍，

26、功能wardn.看护，监护：病房：监房不良12.其他词汇wholesome有益健康的unwelI, indisposed不适的hygiene卫生ulcer溃疡to get vaccinated接种wound创伤，伤口sick person, patient病员，患者lesion损害sickly多病injury损伤a i Ime nt, comp I a i疾病rash, eruption疹ntspot点，斑incubat ion潜伏pimple丘疹，小疮epidemic流行病blackhead黑头粉剌fever执八、bli ster水疱attack, access,fit发作scab, boi 1痂coughing fit咳嗽发作scar瘢痕to take to ones bed 卧床wart疣，肉赞faint晕厥callus 9 callositydizziness眩晕cor n鸡眼to feel sick恶心chiIblain冻疮to lose consciousness失去知觉bruise挫伤concussion零荡bump肿块coma昏迷swe11i ng肿胀diet饮食contusion挫伤treatment疗法sprain, twist扭伤to get better,to improve好转fracture骨折cure治愈case病例relapse复发