常见物质的化学参数

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1、常见物质的化学参数 附表一 不同温度下水的饱和蒸气压和密度（1atm）温度/K 饱和蒸气压102Pa饱和蒸气压/mmHg密度/（gcm-3）2736.1054.5790.99983952746.5674.9260.99989852757.0585.2940.99993992767.5795.6850.99996422778.1346.1010.99997202788.7236.5430.99996382799.3507.0130.999940228010.0177.5130.999901528110.7268.0450.999848228211.4788.6090.999780828312.2

2、789.2090.999699628413.1249.8440.999605128514.02310.5180.999494728614.97311.2310.999377128715.98111.9870.999244428817.04912.7880.999099628918.17713.6340.998943029019.37214.5300.998774929120.63415.4770.998595629221.96816.4770.998405229323.37817.5350.998204129424.86518.6500.997992529526.43419.8270.9977

3、70529628.08821.0680.997538529729.83422.3770.997296529831.67223.7560.997044929933.60925.2090.996783730035.64926.7390.996513230137.79628.3490.996233530240.05430.0430.995944830342.42931.8240.995647330444.92333.6950.995341030547.54735.6630.995026230650.30137.7290.994703030753.19339.8980.994371530856.229

4、41.1750.994031930959.41244.5630.993684231062.75147.0670.993328731166.25149.6920.992965331269.91752.4420.992594331373.75955.3240.992215831477.78058.340.991829831581.99061.500.991436431686.39064.800.991035831791.00068.260.990628031895.83071.880.9902132319100.8675.650.9897914320106.1279.600.98936283211

5、11.6093.710.9889273322117.3588.020.9884851323123.3492.510.98803633731013.25760.000.9583637附表二 常用酸碱溶液的密度和浓度溶 液 名 称密 度/（gcm-3）质量分数/%（物质的量）浓度C/（molL-1）浓硫酸1.84959618稀硫酸1.18253稀硫酸1.0691浓盐酸1.193812稀盐酸1.10206稀盐酸1.0372浓硝酸1.406514稀硝酸1.20326稀硝酸1.07122稀高氯酸1.12192浓氢氟酸1.134023氢溴酸1.38407氢碘酸1.70577.5冰醋酸1.059910017

6、.5稀醋酸1.04356稀醋酸1.02122浓氢氧化钠1.363311稀氢氧化钠1.0982浓氨水0.883518浓氨水0.912513.5稀氨水0.96116稀氨水0.993.52附表三 一些弱电解质在水溶液中的解离常数弱酸温度T/KapKa硼酸H3BO320(Ka1)7.310-109.14氢氰酸HCN254.9310-109.31碳酸H2CO325(Ka1)4.310-76.3725(Ka2)5.6110-1110.25次氯酸HClO182.9510-87.53氢氟酸HF253.5310-43.45亚硝酸HNO212.54.610-43.34磷酸H3PO425(Ka1)7.5210-32

7、.1225(Ka2)6.2310-87.2118(Ka3)2.210-1312.67硫化氢H2S18(Ka1)9.110-87.0418(Ka2)1.110-1211.96亚硫酸H2SO318(Ka1)1.5410-121.8118(Ka2)1.0210-76.991草酸H2C2O425(Ka1)5.9010-21.2325(Ka2)6.4010-54.19醋酸CH3COOH251.7610-54.75弱碱温度T/KbpKb氨NH3251.7710-54.75附表四 一些微溶电解质的溶度积（25）微溶电解质化学式溶度积 Ksp溴化银AgBr5.5310-13氯化银AgCl1.7710-10碘化

8、银AgI8.5110-16氢氧化银AgOH1.5210-18硫化银AgS1.2010-49氢氧化铝Al(OH)31.310-33碳酸钡BaCO32.5810-9硫酸钡BaSO41.0710-10碳酸钙CaCO34.9610-9氟化钙CaF1.4610-10磷酸钙Ca3(PO4)22.0710-33硫酸钙CaSO47.1010-5氢氧化铜Cu(OH)22.210-20硫化铜CuS1.2710-36氢氧化亚铁Fe(OH)24.8710-17氢氧化铁Fe(OH)32.6410-39硫化亚铁FeS1.5910-19碳酸镁MgCO36.2810-6氢氧化镁Mg(OH)25.6110-12碳酸铅PbCO3

9、1.4610-13氢氧化铅Pb(OH)21.4210-20硫化铅PbS9.0410-29硫酸铅PbSO41.8210-8氢氧化亚锡Sn(OH)25.4510-27硫化亚锡SnS3.2510-28碳酸锌ZnCO31.1910-10氢氧化锌Zn(OH)21.810-14硫化锌ZnS2.9310-29附表五 常用有机化合物的物理常数名 称分子量Mw相对密度420/ gcm-3熔点m.p./沸点b.p./折光率nD20乙醛44.050.7834418-12120.81.3316甲醛30.50.815-92-21醋酸60.051.049216.6117.91.3716醋酸酐102.091.082-73.

10、1140.01.39006醋酸铵77.081.17114丙酮58.080.7899-95.3556.21.3588苯胺93.131.02173-6.3184.131.5863苯78.120.878655.580.11.5011氯仿119.381.4832-63.561.71.4459溴乙烷108.971.4604-118.638.41.4239乙醚74.120.71378-116.234.511.3526乙二醇62.071.1088-11.51981.4318乙醇46.070.7893-117.378.51.3611甲醇32.040.7914-93.9651.3288异丙醇60.110.785

11、5-89.582.41.3776正丁醇74.120.8098-89.5117.21.3993碘仿393.734.008123218苯酚94.111.057643181.751.550921氨17.03-77.75-33.421.325氯磺酸116.521.787-801581.43714四氢呋喃72.120.889267 1.4050吡啶79.100.9819-42115.51.5095乙酸乙酯88.120.9003-83.677.061.3723乙酸丁酯116.160.8825-77.9126.51.3941甲苯92.150.8669-95110.61.4961苯78.120.87655.580.11.5011o-二甲苯106.170.8802-25.2144.41.5055m-二甲苯106.170.8642-47.9139.11.497210p-二甲苯106.170.861113.3138.31.4958硝基苯123.111.20375.7210.81.5562数据摘自“Robert C.Weast,CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,66st ed.,19851986”等