新版新目标英语八年级上册UNIT01语法知识点

《新版新目标英语八年级上册UNIT01语法知识点》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新版新目标英语八年级上册UNIT01语法知识点（12页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?Section A （la Grammar Focus） on vacation “度假”（中间不加守冠词：a/an/the）I am on vacation.我在度假。I went to the mountains.我去山区度假。 1.不定复合代词：（共12个）不定复合副词（共4个）every系列some系列any系列no系列不定复 合代词one系列everyone 每个人；大家someone某人anyone某人；任何 人no one没有人body 系 列everybody 每个人；大家somebody 某人anybod

2、y 某人；任何 人nobody没冇人thing 系列everything 每件事（物）; 一切something 某事做）anything 某事（物）; 任何事（物）nothing 没有事（物）不定复 合副词where 系 列everywhere 每地；每处； 到处；处处somewhere 某地；某处anywhere 某地;某处； 任何地方nowhere 没有地方2. any系列的不定代词和不定副词:一般用于一般疑问句和否定句中（因 为some在一般疑问句和否定句中要改为any）,意思同some系列的汉语意 思。而当“任何”讲时，一般用于肯定句中。Did you go with anyone?

3、你和别人一起去吗？I dont want to go anywhere boring.我不想去无聊的地方。Anyone can go there.任何人都可以去那里。3. no系列为some系列的否定句。Somebody was here.有人在这里。Nobody was here.（二 Somebody wasnt here.）没有人在这里。4. 不定复合代词I adj.不定复合副词Jsomething special 特别的东西 someone interesting 有趣的人 something interesting 有趣的事情5. 不定复合代词作主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数。Ever

4、yone has a good time.No one was here.6. none, nobody（no one）, nothing 区另nobody（no one） “没有人”，只能指人；nothing “没有事（物）”，只能指 物。nobody（no one）与nothing都不能与of连用。作主语时，其后谓语动词 用单数。Nobody was here.（对）Nobody of us was here.（错，不能跟 “of”）none“没有人（物）”，既可指人，也可指物。其后可接of短语，作主语 时，其后的谓语动词用单复数皆可。用来回答How many-? ”或“How much-

5、? ”的数量，表示“没有”的意思。None of us is a doctor. = None of us are doctors.我们都不是医生。How many students are there in the classroom?None. 1. a few, few, a little, little 区别：用于肯定句用于否定句用于肯定句（比 较级和最高级）后面跟（C ）复数a few“几个；数个”few“几乎没有”few“少”many“多”后面跟（U ）a little“一点儿”little“几乎没有”little“少”much“多”There are a few apples i

6、n the basket.篮了里有几个苹果。There are few apples in the basket.篮子里儿乎没有苹果。（为否定句） He has a little wate匚 他有一点儿水。He has little water.他儿乎没有水。I have more （many的比较级）apples than you.我的苹果比你多。 You have fewer （few的比较级）apples than me.你的苹果比我少。I drink more （much的比较级）water than you.我喝的水比你多。You drink less （little的比较级）wat

7、er than me.你喝的水比我少。2. r quite a few + （ c ）复数相当多； quite a little + （ u ）不少 | quite a lot单独用相当于代词（pnm.）,后面跟名词要加of。 quite a lot of +（ c ）复数L 3）We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里照了相当多的照片。 Long time no see.好久不见了。 Not really.并非真的如此。/事实上不是。“给某人（买某物”I制作某物most of the time大部分时间 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. fo

8、r sb.A-make Jmake.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. “ 给某人某物注：当sth.为it/them吋，只能用带介词的结构，即：buy sth. for sb. buy it for me （对）buy me it （错）当sb.为物时，也只能用带介词的结构。give our school many books （错）give many books to our school.（对） 1.连系动词+ adj.非连系动词+ adv.I look well, （well为adj. “身体健康的；身体好的”）我看起来气色很好。I learn Englis

9、h well, （well 为 adv.好”）我学英语学得好。2. 学过的连系动词有：be （是）,look （看起来），taste （尝起来），sound （听起来），smell （闻起来）,feel （感觉；觉得），get （变得），keep （保持）等。 Have a good/nice/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself = have fun过得快乐/玩得高兴Section A 3a 一 Section B le How do you like ? = What do you think of ？你觉得怎么样？答语：Ifs/They are ver

10、y（形容词）I love/like （very much）.我（非常）喜欢。I don9t mind.我不介意。I cant stand .我无法忍受。 The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的问题是晚上除了读书以外没有什么要做的。（划线部分为表 语从句，that引导词不能省略。） seem （seemed） “ 好像”1. seem to do sth.好像干某事She seems to know everything.她好像知道一切。2. seem （to be ）

11、+ n/adjHe seems （to be ） a teacher.他好像是一名老师。She seemed （to be ） sad.她好像很伤心。3. It r seems that 从句。 seemedIt seems that she knows everything.她好像知道一切。It seems that he is a teache匚 他好像是一名老师。It seemed that she was sad.她好像很伤心。反身代词：1. 第一、二人称反身代词：形容词性物主代词+ self/selvesmyself （我自己）,ourselves （我们自己）,yourself （

12、你自己）,yourselves （你 们自己）第三人称反身代词：人称代词宾格+ self/selveshimself （他自己），herself （她自己），itself （它自己），themselves （他们自 己）2. teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学”He teaches himself English. = He learns English by himself.他自学英语。 enjoy oneself过得快乐/玩得高兴（all） by oneself独立；独自；单独 keep（kept） “保持；使保持某种状态”1. keep + adj. “

13、 保持”keep quiet保持安静2. keep + sb ./sth. + adj. “让某人/某物保持怎么样”keep the door open/closed. 让 门 开着/关着。3. keep doing sth.一直做某事”Why do you keep laughing?你为什么一直笑？4. keep sb. doing sth. “让某人一直做某事”I kept you waiting for me for a long time.我让你一直等 了 我很长时间。 cheap adj. “便宜的”，反义词：expensive u 昂贵的”，同义词：inexpensiveoSec

14、tion B 2a2b l.find “找着；找到”（强调“找”的结果） look for “寻找；找”（强调“找”的过程或动作）He is looking for something, but He finds nothing.他正在找东西，但是什么也没找到。2. v. “发现”find + sb./sth. + adj.发现某人/某物怎么样”I find my vacation enjoyable.我发现我的假期令人愉快。到达：1. arrive r in + 大地方.at +小地方arrive at the bus station.到达公共汽车站arrive in New York Ci

15、ty 到达纽约市另外：单独说“到了”，不跟地方用airiveo1 arrived at 5:00 pm yesterday.我昨天下午 5 点到的。2 . get to sp“到达某地”get to school 到学校 get to New York City 到纽约市3 . reach sp. “ 到某地”reach school 到学校 reach New York City 到纽约市注：到家（要把home前的介词去掉）arrive home / there / here 到家/那里/这里get reach丿 decide v. “ 决定”decide to do sth. “ 决定干某

16、事”We decided to go to Beijing on vacation.我们决定去北京度假。decision n.决定”make a decision to do sth. “ 决定干某事”We made a decision to go to Beijing on vacation.我们决定去北京度假。 feel like1“感受到；给的感觉；感觉像”（后面接名词，也可接句子。）I felt like a bird. = I felt like I was a bird.我觉得我像一只鸟。 wonderl. v. “想知道”主语+ wonder + if / whether +陈

17、述句（即：一般疑问句作宾语从句改 y为陈述语序，然后前面加if或whether引导。）.特殊疑问句（陈述语序）I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这里的生活怎么样。2v. “感到惊讶；惊奇”wonder to do sth. “干某事感到惊讶”I wondered to see you there yesterday.昨天在那里见到你我感到很惊讶。 主语+ wonder + （that）宾语从句（宾语从句的引导词Shat”可以省略。） I wonder that she won the race.我很惊讶她赢得了比赛。3. n.

18、 “奇迹；奇观”The Great Wall is one of the seven wonders in the world.长城是世界上七大奇迹之一。 around1. prep.“在周围；围绕”We sat around the table.我们围绕着桌子坐。2. prep. “在各处/到处”I really enjoyed walking around the town.我确实喜欢在这个小镇到处走走。3. adv. “ 大约 ” =aboutHe gets 叩 at around/about 7:00 every morning.他每天早晨大约 7 点钟起床。4. adv.各处；到处”

19、 =here and thereI really enjoyed walking around in town.我确实喜欢在这个小镇里到处走走。“在周围；在附近”I found nothing around.我在附近什么也没找到。感叹句：1. What+ f名词短语+主语+谓语！a/an + adj. + （ c ）单数adj. + （ c ）复数、adj. + （ u ）（陈述句为：主语+谓语+名词短语）What fine weather it is! = What a fine day it is!多么好的天气啊！What a difference a day makes!多么不同的一天啊

20、！（陈述句为:A day makes a difference.）2. How+J adj. 4-主语+ J谓语（连系动词）i adv.（谓语（非连系动词）（陈述句为：主语+谓语+adj./adv.）How quickly he is running!他跑得多快啊!How quick he is!他是多么快啊！3. what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句有时候可以互换:What delicious food it is! = How delicious the food is! startYdoing sth.开始干某事(begin).to do sth.同义词为：begin,用法同star

21、to太；太多too many + (c )复数 too much + ( u )much too + adj.too many people too much milkShe is much too thin.她太瘦了。 1.因为J because +句子l because of + n./pron.2. because不能跟so连用。Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. Because it，s bad weather, J因为天气很差，所以我们不能看到下面的东西。 not r a/an = noj anyI d

22、orf t have a book. = I have no book.We couldrft see anything below. = We could see nothing below.He didn t eat vegetables. = He ate no vegetables. below adj. “下面的”(作后置定语) above adj“上面的(作后置定语) the words below/above下面的/上面的单词 enough1. adj. “足够的；充足的” enough + n. = n. + enoughenough money = money enough

23、足够多的钱2. adv. “ 足够”adj ./adv. + enoughThe movie is interesting enough.这部电影足够有趣。Section B 2c一Self Check as1. prep“作为；当作”As students, we should study hard作为学生，我们应该努力学习。2. conj“ 按照”He does as his teacher says.他按照他老师说的去做。3. adv.同样地；一样地The next day was not 3S good.第二天不一样好。4. prep./conj. “与； 和”This book is

24、 as（ 一样地）interesting 3S that one.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 1. forget Cto do sth.忘记干某事（这件事没做过要做）L doing sth.忘记干了某事（这件事已经做过了）We forgot to bring an umbrella.我们忘记带雨伞。（带雨伞这件事没做过）We forgot bring an umbrella.我们忘记带了雨伞。（带雨伞这件事做了，但是 忘了）2. 反义词：remembei* （记住），用法同forgeto another + 基数词 + n.=基数词 + more 4- n.又/再”another two hou

25、rs = two more hours 又/再两个小时Please give me another apple （one 不写，因为 another 含有“另一个”的意 思。）.=Please give me one more apple.请再给我一个苹果。 dislike1. V. “不喜欢”反义词:likeHe dislikes coffee. = He doesnt like coffee.他不喜欢咖啡。2. n“不喜欢的事物”Everyone has his likes and dislikes.每个人都有他喜欢的和不喜欢的。你觉得某物怎么样？How do you feel about

26、 sth.? = How do you like sth.? = What do you think of sth.?How did you feel about the trip? = How did you like the trip? = What did you think of the trip?你觉得旅行怎么样？ sothat-“那么/如此/太以至于”（引导结果状语从句）He is so young that he cant go to school.他年龄太小以至于不能上学。 go on r doing sth“继续做某事”（前后做的是同一件事） to do sth.“接着做某事

27、”（前后做的不是同一件事）J with sth. = go on doing sth.Go on reading Lesson Three.继续读第3课。（刚才读的就是第3课）Go on to read Lesson Three.接着读第3课。（刚才也许读的是第2课或者干 别的事） 1. excite v. J exciting adj. u令人兴奋的”（句子主语一般是物） “使兴奋；使激动”excited adj. “兴奋的；”（句子的主语一般是人）The movie is very exciting.这部电影令人很兴奋。I am very excited.我很兴奋。2. excitement n. u 兴奋”