动词ing形式的归纳

《动词ing形式的归纳》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《动词ing形式的归纳（27页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、动词动词inging形式形式的归纳的归纳 动词的动词的-ving形式具有名词形式具有名词(动名词动名词)的功能的功能,可以在句字中可以在句字中作主语作主语,宾语和宾语和表语表语.它具有形容词它具有形容词(分词分词)的功能的功能,可在可在句子中作句子中作定语定语,表语表语,和宾语补足语和宾语补足语.I.动名词u动词的ing形式具有名词的功能,可以在句子中作主语,宾语和表语.1.做主语uReading is important in learning English.uLooking after the patient is a nurses job.u注意:在某些特殊结构中,特别是uIt is

2、no useuselessno goodshamedangerousa waste of time/worth/worthwhile doing sth.uIt 是形式主语,真正的主语即动名词放在句末2 做宾语.ving跟在某些特定的动词后面作宾语.u避免错过少延期u建议完成多练习u喜欢想象禁不住u承认否定与嫉妒u逃避冒险莫原谅u允许感激和考虑u明白鼓励要禁止Avoid,miss,put offAdvise,finish,practiceEnjoy,imagine,cant helpAdmit,deny,envy,Escape,risk,excuseAllow/permit appreciat

3、e considerUnderstand,encourage,forbid3 做表语uHis hobby is collecting stamps.uMy greatest happiness is serving the people.u注意；动名词作主语,可以和表语换用.反之u 也一样.4.动名词的复合结构动名词的前面可以带上自己的逻辑主语构成动名词的复合结构.u物主代词,如his,my；人称代词如him,meu名词所有格，如Toms;名词普通格如TomuDo you mind my/me smoking here?uI insisted on my husband/husbands pa

4、ying the bill.uThe sound of desks being opened and closed could be u heard out in the street.uHe suggested somebody taking over the job.u注意：动名词的复合结构作句子主语时，则通常使用名词的所有格或物主代词uMarys coming late made her teacher angry.uHis not being able to come is disappointing.II.现在分词u动词的ing具有形容词的功能,u可在句中做定语,表语,和 宾语 补足

5、语1 定语uDoes he work in the reading room?uOur teacher uses a very good teaching method.uDo you know the man standing by the door?uThis village is made up of 500 familiesu belonging to five nations.2.表语:表主语所具有的特征.uThe food smells inviting.uThe story is very touching.常这样用的分词有:amusing,charming,encouragin

6、g,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,puzzling,astonishing,refreshing,shocking,striking,surprising,etc.3.宾语补足语u感官动词:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,look at,listen to和u使役动词:set,keep,have,get,leave,make,find,send等都可以用分词作宾语补足语u we saw him climbing a tree.u The police caught the boy s

7、tealing.u拓展:在被动句中,即成为主语补足语:uThe boy was caught stealing.uThe children were last seen playing at the river bank.u4.动词的ing形式具有副词的功能,可在句中做状语1.)做时间状语uHearing the noise,I turned round.=when I heard the noise,Looking out of the window,I saw some students playing there.=when I looked out of the window,注意:分

8、词短语前面可以用while,when等连词,2.)作方式状语或伴随状语uHe came running back to tell me the news.uAll night long he lay awake,thinking about problems.uHe sat in an armchair,reading the newspaper.3).做结果状语 Her husband died ten years ago,leaving her with three children to look after.The heavy snow lasted a weak,causing a

9、lot of accidents.4).原因状语uBeing sick,I stayed at home.u=As Because I was sick,uNot knowing her address,I cannot write to her.u=As I dont know her address,5).条件状语uTurning to the right at the crossing,you uwill see the post office right before you.u=If you turn right at the crossing,youll=Turn to the r

10、ight at the crossing and you will see the post office.6).做补充说明uThe plane leaves at six,arriving in Chicago at ten.u=.,and will arrive in Chicago at ten.uThe children were walking to the park,talking and laughing all the way.u=,and were talking and laughing all the way.III.独立主格结构 独立主格结构本身就是一种复合结构,由名词

11、或代词加分词等构成,表时间,原因,条件,方式,伴随和补充说明等.常见结构如下：1.名词+-ving分词 They all went to the playground,he alone remaining in the dormitory.2.名词+-ved分词 The question settled,they went back by plane.3.名词名词+动词不定式动词不定式 So much homework to do,we have no time to play.4.名词名词+形容词形容词 He looked at me up and down,his eyes wide op

12、en.5.名词名词+介词短语介词短语/副词副词 Hundreds of people went out of the cinema,some in pairs,others alone.6.名词名词+名词名词 His son now a college student,he is no longer worried about his job.7.There be 句型的独立结构句型的独立结构 There being no bus,we had to walk home.IV.做独立成分u动词ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语,可以独立存在,这些短语已经成为习惯用语,用来修饰整个句子uGeneral

13、ly speaking(一般说来)uStrictly speakinguRoughly speakinguFrankly speakinguJudging fromuTaking all into considerationuConsidering everythinguEg:uJudging from her face,she must be ill.uConsidering everything,it is worth trying.IV.动词ing形式的各种变化形式时态时态语态语态主动主动被动被动一般式一般式完成式完成式doinghaving donebeing donehaving b

14、een done动词的-ving形式的一般式表示动作和谓语动词同时（或几乎同时）发生 Hearing the news,she burst out crying.Not knowing what to do，he went to the teacher for help.2.动词的ing形式的完成式表示动作先于谓语动词发生 Having lived there for dozens of years,he knows the city well.Not having received their letter,he decided to write another one.u3.动词ing形式

15、的被动式表示动作对于逻辑主语而言在意义上是被动的.uI would like to have a look at the animal being operated on.uHaving been invited by the students,he gave them a talk on history.注意:动名词的被动语态是跟在动词和介词后面的.ueg.uHe remembered being taken to Beijing at the age of ten.uThey attended the meeting without being invited.uWe were all excited for having been praised.