跨文化交际试题附答案

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1、跨文化交际试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross -cultural communication. In eachof the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on whatis to be desired for more successful communication or culturalunderstanding.?Question 1Case 1:Chen

2、Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, whohas no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of Chinas most famous dishes. Youll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I dont like duck. I prefer chicken.?Question 2Case 2:

3、Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at aBritish universityfor some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situationin the laboratory.Feng Li: I dont know where it went wrong!Tom, Dont feel so bad. Cheer up, youve done your job.Feng Li: But our ex

4、periment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. Ill face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing childrens games here. This is ascientificexperiment.Tom, Ive never taken the experiment as child s play, and Im playing the game.Feng Li: You say youre playing the game! Its a

5、 rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.?Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require moreinformed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the culturaldifferences. Jim and Li Zhen were

6、 students together at Leeds University in Britain. Ayear later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar ona yearsexchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical pianoconcertperformed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were tal

7、kingand at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunchof flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened severaltimes during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singingsome songs that he was playing. Jim thought all t

8、hese things quite strange. At the endof the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. Theaudience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.?Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word orexpression from those in the box below to fill thegap ineach of the sentences. Wri

9、te the correct words in the spaces provided in youranswer sheet. Do not change the forms of the words. ?Communitywhite liesDutch courage grey areaskin termsvocationbelow the belt buying aroundlive and let livetrouble and strifefoot the billrecreation4. After twenty five years working in the bank she

10、 decided on adifferent.5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided hewould.6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that neededexplanation.7.There are many differentused when talking about peoplesrelationshipsin China.8.Mike! Meet Jane, the.9.Ok

11、, the argument is over. Lets forget it,you know.10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting otherpeople by telling.11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially thesystem ofwhich all members of the group are expected to joinin.12. It

12、was a crushing blow to her, a hitwhen she received thenews that herhusband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense ofin social situations.?Paper 3 Translation?Translate the following passagefrom English into Chinese. Please write yourtranslation on the answer sheet. ?What d

13、o we mean by Intercultural Communications or IC? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or goingoverseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developedinternationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called cross-cultural communicati

14、ons orcomparative culture , scholars most often use the prefix inter with the wordcultural to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is representedby culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems ofother countries. On another level, it is applie

15、d linguistics, where we seek tounderstand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese Englishteachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How toteach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practicesof Britain, the US or

16、other English speaking countries.?But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well -developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields likecultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied lingu

17、istics and educational pedagogy. IC is acomprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures andhow theyinteract with each other.?To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand traditionand modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoingnat

18、ional characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from theoutside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirtyodd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparingcultures and some practical dimensions for considering

19、 the similarity and differencesbetween them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Anotherlevel of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attentionis Nonverbal Communication.?Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20?In recent years criticisms have been

20、voiced concerning sexist bias in theEnglishlanguage. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we usereflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which men aredominant and women play a secondary role. Take the word chairman for example.While this can in fact app

21、ly to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to bemale-oriented as it ends in man. In the past people taking the role of chairman wereexclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of chair andman. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as acompound

22、 and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceivecupboard to be a composite of cup and board. In addition the continued use ofchairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /mn/rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite

23、suchconsiderationsother speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it ismade up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about theplace of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral termssuch as chairperson or

24、 chair, so that it is now possible to ask questions such as;Who is chair of the committee?Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as postman,fireman and policeman with more clearly neutral terms such as postal worker,fire-fighter and police officer. There is, however, continuin

25、g controversy about howfar such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditionalidioms as man in the street and titles such as Peking Man? What about those wordswhere the male meaning of man is no longer dominant, such as manhandle?To the extent that changes have taken place,

26、 they have done so more in thewritten language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would bequite likely to read in the paper that Postal workers are to receive a pay increase. ButHas the postman been? would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation.Here postman remains f

27、irmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is amatter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kindsof sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would bedifficult to maintain that

28、 males who speak these languages are less sexist than maleswho speak English!?Answer the following questions according to the above text:?15. The general use of the word man added to English wordsindicates.A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language

29、 and sex are concerned in Britain.A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people cant make up their minds on the issue D. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word chairman?18. What

30、does the author argue for when the example manhandle is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the authors argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been prov

31、iding stock ratings to clients using acomputerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interestthat have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analystshave oftenacted as cheerleaders for companies bein

32、g courted by their investment bankers.We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity, saidJerryChafkin, Schwabs executive vice president for investment advice and products.While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performedsystematically and automatica

33、lly.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company touse a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and ZacksInvestment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, andtheir ability

34、to outperform a market index fund over time has not been provedconclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people.What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand outfewer positivestock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them

35、 outverygenerously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Streetanalysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. I amvery suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individualstock selection, said Samuel Eise

36、nstadt, alueV Lines research director. However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely ontheselection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that theirdevelopersacompare models Most prices. share predict to ability greatest the have believecompany9s historical earnings g

37、rowth with that of other companies. And many trackthe extent to which earnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems asmarketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group ofstocks performs over time. But all the systems a

38、ssume, as do stock analysts on WallStreet, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocksthat will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or newmodels, like Microsofts year-old Stock-Scou

39、ter?Mark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG)accordingto the information provided in the text.?Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.?21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically

40、.23. Value Line and Zacks have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of ValueLine.27. Analysts are

41、surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准 ?Paper 1: Communication Analysis The following points should be covered in the analysis. Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary One point for each item. Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. fo

42、ot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife9. live and let live10. white lies11. buying a round12. below the belt13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“ IC ”是指什么呢 ?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。“IC”实际上是自20 世纪 50 年代以来在世界范围内发展起业的一门学术及应用学科。有时称为“跨文化交际” 或“比较文化”，学者们大多使用“ inter”这一前缀加上“文化”这个词来表述文

43、化间的相互作用。在一个层面上，IC 体现在文化研究上，研究其它国家的政治，经济和生活方式制度等。在另一个层面上，它是应用语言学，力求了解语言与文化的关系。 20 世纪 80 年代以来，许多中国英语教师和教授对此产生了浓厚兴趣一如何在英语教学中帮助学生同时了解英国，美国或其他英语国家基本的交际行为。是涵 IC 但跨文化交际这门学科实际上是一门广泛且日益完善的研究领域。盖如文化人类学、社会学、心理学 (及社会心理学 )、交际研究、应用语言学和教育学的跨学科应用。 IC 是了解人类文化以及它们间是如何相互影响的综合尝试。要了解跨文化交际，我们力图探究传统与现代，一致与变化。由于我们了解了某一民族现存

44、的某些民族特色，我们便可以探究如何从外部审视这一文化，它是如何与其它文化相互影响的，又是如何变化的。在过去的 30 多年，学者们发展了用于比较文化的理论框架以及若干用于思考它们异同的实践领域。跨文化比较的一个层面是文化特性，另一层面是 (口头 )语言交际。还有一倍受关注的领域是非语言交际。Paper 4: ReadingPassage 115. D16. C17. The pronunciation of the final syllable of chairman is /mn/ as in the pronunciation of woman.18. The author argues t

45、hat the male meaning of man is no longerdominant. OR: Theauthor argues that the male meaning of man is no longer dominant.19. The impact is more in formal and/or written language areas (e. g. the media).Ordinarypeople still tend to use words ending in man. Thereforelanguage use there has been little or no impact.20. Regardless of language structure in any society, non-sexist language use does notmean change will occur if peoples attitudes and behaviors do not change. Passage 2 Award one point for each item. Answers must be the same as the key.21. F22. F23. T24. T25. T27. F26. T