高考英语冲刺讲义(完型)(2份打包)

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1、高考英语冲刺讲义（完型）（2份 打包）英语学科教师辅导讲义学员编号：课时数：3辅导科目：英学员姓名：学科教师:授课类型C专题-完型填C专题-完型填T能力-完型填空考情分析空之解题技巧空之能力提高授课日 期及时段教学内容【专题】一、 专题知识梳理知识点1：近五年高考完形考情分析注：高考完形填空的题材以社会文化及商务经济两大类为 主，应作为冲刺阶段的复习重点。知识点2:高考完形填空必备词汇注：往年真题中的词汇更是需要引导学生熟练掌握的重要内 容。二、专题精讲50The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and w

2、riters is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals （彩排）,or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writingWhat is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing. re

3、ordering, 51 revising . Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production . However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music .

4、The musical had . _52 several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup （戏月艮和化装）.For instance, Lloyd Webber 53 some of the music because the Phantoms makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54to your evolving purp

5、ose, or to include 55 ideasor newly discovered information.Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment .56,it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way . Even your decision to 57 topics while prewrit

6、ing is a type of revising . However. dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 58Always make time to become your own59and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak . Reviewing your work in this way can give you 60new ideas.Revising involves61the effectiveness andappropriateness

7、of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose62throughout my draft? Do I ever los

8、e sight of my purpose?Have I given my readers all of the 63 that is, facts, opinions, inferences - that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many 64 details that may confuse readers?50. A. technique D. career51. A. in particular D. in other words52. A. undergon

9、e D. replaced53. A. rewroteD. reserved54. A. additionD. contrast55. A. fixedD. fresh56. A. HoweverD. Therefore57. A. discussD. cover58. A. draftingD. training59. A. director D. visitorB. styleB . as a resultB. skippedB. releasedB. responseB. ambitiousB. MoreoverB. switchB. rearrangingB. masterC.proc

10、essC. for exampleC . rejectedC . recordedC . oppositionC.familiarC.InsteadC.exhaustC . performingC . audience60. A. personalD. delicateB. valuableC . basic61. A.B.D. assessing62. A.amazingB.brightC. uniqueD. clear63. A.anglesB .evidenceC .informationD. hints64. A.unnecessaryB.uninterestingC. concret

11、eD. finalKeys : 5054 CDAAB 5559 DCBAC 6064 BDDCA【解题步骤】：1通读全文，了解主题和结构。2精读首段首句。3从每空的上下文挖掘潜在信息，寻找线索，注意前后 照应。易错解析：51 .考查介词短语辨析。前面 adding, deleting, replacing, reordering 者B包含在 revising 中）所以应选 in other words 表示换句话说。53 .考查近义词辨析。rewrite表示 重写、修改，与动词 revise同义）与本文关键词相关）为正确选项。54 .考查词组固定搭配。in response to本意作为对-的

12、反 响，在此处可以翻译成“作品中改变的局部要符合文章变 化的目标。56 .考查前后句的逻辑关系，较难！引导学生思考 afterthought和a major stage之间的逻辑关系为转折）所以 选 however。However 是高考完形填空中的重要考点， 可以 首先代入到文章中看是否符合。61.此题易错)学生易把assess评估当成access可进入 的时机；进入；此题的句意为“修改涉及到评估写作的有 效性和适用性，也就是说：修改不是漫无目的的，要为写 作目的效劳。63.后句名称 facts,opinions,inferences 者 B 属于 information ) 在解题时要引导

13、学生从上下文找线索。三、专题过关Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films weve just watched or books weve just finished reading, but plain and simple _51.Language is our greatest treasure

14、as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others behaviour and private lives, such as whos doing what with whom, whos in and whos out-and why; how to deal with difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natur

15、al _54_, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? Its not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says

16、gossip is one of these really 55 issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the

17、 supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We dont spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar 57, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the high

18、er primates灵长类动物like monkeys.By means of grooming-cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or_59_ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the prim

19、ate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 61 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to _62_ the pressure a

20、nd calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be _63_ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more _64_ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal 有声的 grooming which allowed humans to devel

21、op relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 65 contact.51. A. claimD. language52. A. occasionally independently53. A. socialD. cultural54. A. admirersD. wasters55. A. vitalD. difficult56. A. confirmsD. bro

22、adens57. A. for instanceB. descriptionB. habituallyD. originallyB. politicalB. mastersB. sensitiveB. rejectsB. in additioncontraryD. as a result58. A. motivation D. behaviour59. A. attack inspection60. A. recalls concludes61. A. prospectD. protection62. A. measure D. ease63. A. saved consumed64. A.

23、common D. thoughtful65. A.indirectB. appearanceB. contactD. assistanceB. deniesD. confessesB. responsibilityB. showB. extendedD. gainedB. efficientB.dailyC.C. gossipC. historicalC.C.C.usersidealoutlinesC. ontheC. emotionC.C.C. leadershipC. maintainC.C. scientificC. physical56. BD. secretKeys: 51. C

24、52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A57. C 58. D 59. A 60. C61. D 62. D 63. B 64. B 65. C四、学法提炼1、专题特点：重点考查学生的文章理解及单词在具体语境中的运用能力。2、解题方法：在把握文章主旨和结构的根底上，从上下文寻找解题线索。3、考前须知：从上下文中的逻辑关系确定选项。【专题】、专题知识梳理-解题技巧汇总一、利用文章首句信息解题例 1 Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly trans

25、forming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization 50 for all?50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy【答案】C【解析】根据文章首句解题。此题是整篇完型的首句，强调 开放市场的好处）后文中的“ The question 表转折）突出 经济全球化是否并无弊端，因此选 C选项。例 2 Everyone in business has been told that success is a

26、ll about attracting and retaining （留住）customers. It soundsand achievable. But50 words of wisdom aresoon forgotten.50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all【答案】B【解析】根据文章首句解题。本句是文章开头句，根据句意， 做生意看似简单，但事实上并没有想象中的简单，所以选 B 选项。【例 3 】Most people believe they don t have much imagination.

27、They are 50 . Everyone has imagination.（2021年上海高考英语）50. A. wrong B. unbelievable C. reasonable D. realistic【答案】A【解析】根据文章首句解题。本句是整篇完型的开头句，空 格的前后表示对于想象力的相反的观点，因此选择 A选项。二、利用逻辑关系解题【例 1】Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor.5

28、7. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening【答案】D【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。完型前文提到经济全球化的利 处，本句笔锋一转，说明经济全球化也有弊端，那就是能增 大贫富差距，选择D选项，考生容易对于gap一词的不熟悉做出误判。【例 2】In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56,in a field study researchers placed a completed application to

29、graduate school in a telephone box at the airport.56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example【答案】D【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。此题空格的前文是观点句，后 文那么是以具体的研究来证明观点，根据两者间的逻辑关 系，属于观点与举例，因此选择 D选项。【例 3】 A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losin

30、g the company thousands of dollars in potential profits.58. A. as a result B. on the whole C.inconclusion D. on the contrary【答案】A【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。空格前文说明顾客收到劣质产 品，后文那么说不再购置公司产品，两者是逻辑关系中的因 果关系）选填表示因果关系的 as a resulto【例 4】 What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Br

31、oadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering,. -51 revising.51. A. in particularB. as a resultC. forexample D. in other words【答案】D【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。前文提到百老汇演出所经历的 步骤，涉及添加、删除、替换和重新排序。这些步骤和后文 的revise所表述的意思是一致的）选 D选项。【例 5】Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If y

32、our goal is to learn to ski, 60 , you can now practice skiing every day of your life （because you have the time and the money）.（2021年上海高考英语）60. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example【答案】D【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。空格前文是观点句，后文那么 举了滑雪的例子具体来说明确定目标的新的可能性的观点， 选填D选项。三、利用词汇复现解题例 1 The measure of helpin

33、g was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 _ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.59. A. send inB. throw awayC. fill outD. turn down【答案】A【解析】根据词汇复现解题。根据上文提到的“mail 一词，空格处填相近含义的“ send

34、in,因此选择A选项【例 2】The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. In practice most companies effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to keeping them .60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest 【答案】B【解析】根据词汇复现解题。空格后文提到大多数公司花尽 很大努力开发客户，而很少关注留住客户，其中的“keeping

35、 them 需要特别关注，空格处因此填写表忠诚度的“loyalty 。【例 3】When you revise, you change aspects of your work in response to your evolving purpose, or to include 55ideas or newly discovered information.55. A. fixedB. ambitiousC. familiarD. fresh【答案】D【解析】根据词汇复现解题。根据后文的“newly discovered）选填同一含义的“ fresh 作为正确选项。【例 4】 Do I ev

36、er lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the 63 that is, facts, opinions.63. A. anglesB. evidenceC. informationD. hints【答案】C【解析】根据词汇复现解题。后文的“ facts, opinions”统一都是“information ）因此选择 C选项。四、利用比照信息解题【例 1】Small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in

37、56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.56. A. mature B. new C. localD.foreign【答案】C【解析】根据比照信息解题。后文提到“promote their goods worldwide ）那 么前文应是相对应的“local open-air markets ）选择C选项。【例 2】When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores lik

38、e Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to_ 62 and will be crowded out.62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out【答案】A【解析】根据比照信息解题。后文是“ be crowded out， 空格处相对地填写表示反义的“ keep up，选择A选项。【例 3】The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and somet

39、imes that of a less attractive person.58. A. talented B. good-lookingC. helpfulD. hard-working【答案】B【解析】根据比照信息解题。空格后文的信息和前文很明显 是比照关系）后文是“less attractive）那么前文选填表示 相貌好的 “good-looking 。【例 4】 Making connections: This technique involves taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them. （2021 年 上海高考英语

40、）54. A. familiarB. unrelatedC. creativeD. imaginary【答案】B【解析】根据比照信息解题。后文提到“links betweenthem）那么前面填写相反的表述“ unrelated）答案是B 选项。五、利用语义理解解题例 1 A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually58from

41、integration into the world economy.58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn【答案】B【解析】根据语义理解解题。此题所在的段落谈论经济全球 化的弊端，因此此处的语义表达应为真正从经济全球化受益 的开展中国家很少，选择B选项。【例 2】53 to concentrate on retaining as well asattracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually.53. A. MovingB. Hoping C. S

42、tartingD. Failing【答案】D【解析】根据语义理解解题。后文提到每年消耗了公司大量 的金钱，显然之前提到的事情是不好的，选择“ Failing。例 3 However, dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 58 .58. A. draftingB. rearranging C. performingD. training【答案】A【解析】根据语义理解解题。根据语义，显然修改是在打草 稿之后发生的，选择A选项。二、专题精讲Over the past few decades, more a

43、nd more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization _ 50_ for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce _51 in a large nu

44、mber of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth _52_ to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration （融合）of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have s

45、een incomes _53_ at an average rate of five percent - compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who _54_ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. _55_, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that

46、would originally have sold only in _56_ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually _57_ the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the So

47、cial Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually _58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. _59_, they maintain（坚持认为）that globalization may eventually threaten eme

48、rging businesses行业）.For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to _60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61_. When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal

49、-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to _62_ and will be crowded out.One thinis certain about globalization - there is no_63_. Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The _64_ now is finding a way to create a kind of glo

50、balization that works for the benefit of all.段落大意：第一段：提出问题，即：全球化对所有人都有好处吗？第二、三段：支持者的看法第四段：质疑者的看法第五段：作者说明自己的观点：全球化，没有回头路。应找 到让所有人都能得益的“全球化。解析：50. A. possible B. smooth C. goodD.easy【答案】C【解析】根据文章首句解题。此题是整篇完型的首句，强调 开放市场的好处）后文中的“ The question 表转折）突出 经济全球化是否并无弊端，因此选 C选项。51. A. crime B. povertyC. conflict

51、 D.population【答案】B【解析】根据语义理解解题。下文有提到a increased wealth ） 那么 economic globalization 的个好处是改善贫 穷情况，选Bo52. A. contributing B. respondingC. turningD. owing【答案】A【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。前文的“ increased wealth和 后文的“improved education 是因果关系）选填 contributing。53. A. remainB. dropC. shiftD.increase【答案】D【解析】根据语义理解解题。经济全球化带来了

52、开展中国家 的收入的增长。54. A. doubt B. defineC. advocate D.ignore【答案】C【解析】根据语义理解解题。首先作者罗列赞成经济全球化 人的观点。advocate表示“主张）选择 C选项。55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all【答案】B【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。前文是段落的观点，后文那么 是具体用巴西农民的例子来说明观点。选择“Fo门nstance作为正确选项。56. A. mature B. new C. localD.foreign【答案】C【解析】根据比照信

53、息解题。后文提到“promote their goods worldwide ）那 么前文应是相对应的“local open-air markets ）选择C选项。57. A. findingB. exploring C. bridging D.widening【答案】D【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。完型前文提到经济全球化的利 处，本句笔锋一转，说明经济全球化也有弊端，那就是能增 大贫富差距，选择D选项。58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn【答案】B【解析】根据语义理解解题。此题所在的段落谈论经济全球 化的弊端，因此此处的语义表达应

54、为真正从经济全球化受益 的开展中国家很少，选择 B选项。59. A. Furthermore B. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Otherwise【答案】A【解析】根据逻辑关系解题。本段落描述经济全球化的弊端， 后文是全球化带来的其他害处）选择“ Furthermore 表示 递进。60. A. consume B. deliverC. exportD. advertise【答案】C【解析】根据语义理解解题。因为是全球化，所以针对印度 的工匠来说是出口产品。61. A. troubleB. business C. powerD. mind【答案】B【解析】根据语义理解解题。根据

55、文意，由于面临剧烈的竞 争，使得工匠可能破产。62. A. keep up B. come in C. go aroundD.help out【答案】A【解析】根据比照信息解题。后文是“ be crowded out， 空格处相应地填写表示反义的“ keep up，选择A选项。 63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back【答案】D【解析】根据语义理解解题。作为文章的最后一段，作者表 示全球化没有回头路。64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challeng

56、e【答案】D【解析】根据语义理解解题。根据前文提到的全球化的现状， 目前面临的挑战是找到所有人都是受益的全球化，选择D选项。三、专题过关People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another50, subway riders in New York saw

57、a man carrying a stick stumble （绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51;sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to _52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In_53 these and other researchfindings,

58、 two themes are _54-: we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55- assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive aremore likely to receive aid. 56, in a field studyresearchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone

59、box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been IoSt . The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually maile

60、d it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same coun

61、try rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth of the case. For example, shoppers in a

62、 supermarket were more likely to give someone _62- to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies.Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be64rather than drunk.50 . A. studyB.

63、 wayC. wordD. college51 ._A._handB._armC.faceD. back52. A. refuseD. receive 53. A. challenging understanding 54. A. importantD. missing55. A. seekD. accept56. A. At firstD. For example57. A. printedD. signed58. A. talentedD. hard-working59. A. send inD. turn down60. A. similarity cooperation61. A. expensiveD. strange62. A. time