高考英语完形填空专题训练讲稿

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1、高考英语完形填空专题训练高三备课组 蒋勋建【专题要点】完形填空为综合性考查题型，是考生双基知识和综合运用能力的体现，基本要点如下：1.语法知识类：这些语法包括引导词、主谓一致、名词或代词的数和格、非谓语代词的用法、平行结构、倒装句、强调句、情态动词、虚拟语气、动词的基本时态及搭配等；2.词语辨析类：考查形近词辨析；考查同义词和近义词辨析；考查常用词辨析；3.背景常识类：完形填空是独立的语篇，往往渗透着浓厚的风土人情、历史地理、科学等知识；4.惯用固定搭配：以动词、名词和形容词为中心所构成的短语，通常为考查的重点。【考纲要求】考纲把完形填空归于英语知识运用题，对它的具体要求为：在一篇250-30

2、0词（或200-250词）的短文中留出20个空，要求考生从每小题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考纲仍然遵循突出语篇、强调运用、注重交际的原则，强调对学生综合运用能力的考查以及语言知识的积累和复习。新课标要求，英语教学的总体目标是培养学生的综合运用能力，而语言技能（听、说、读、写的能力）的形成，在语言学习过程中是相辅相成、相互促进的。学生通过大量的、专门的和综合的语言练习，才能形成综合的语言运用能力，同时这也包括了完形填空的能力，为以后的真实的语言交际运用打下一个坚实的基础。【学法指引】完形填空题是学生丢分非常严重的题型，教师在引导学生突破完形填空时一

3、个是做题方法的指导，另外要把握考纲的要求：即基础+能力，在平时的复习备考中要抓住这两点，不能一味地进行完形填空的专项训练。通过对近几年来高考完形填空的分析可知，这个题型主要考查考生如下几方面的能力：1熟练运用英语语法短语和惯用法。考生的语法知识越丰富，阅读速度就越快，对文章的理解就会越深刻、全面。近些年来，情境意义的考查代替了明显的语法知识的考查，但是仍然会间接地考查语法，这就需要考生平时要不断锤炼自身的辨析能力。 2丰富的词汇知识和扎实的辨析能力。要有一定的词汇量，一个单词可能有几个词义，对常用的词义都应掌握，要掌握其不同的词性，否则，只知词义不知词性仍然无法进行正确的把握。要掌握常用的词语

4、搭配和词语辨析。3掌握阅读技巧，提高语篇理解能力。 虽然所给的文章被抽去了20个词，但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果考生不能理解文章内容，就难以将正确的词填人文中。这也就是完形填空题与以单句形式考核词汇和语法的试题的根本区别。由此可见，考生在做题时必须时刻从上下文考虑，不应该只看到所填的词在句子内是否可行。4学会正确的逻辑推断方法，锐化自己的思维。逻辑思维能力有助于对文章深层次含义的理解和把握，从而选择早佳答案，完成“完形”。总之，可以看出完形填空作为一种综合性语言测试题，它检查的是考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括考生在词汇、句型、语法等方面的语言知识综合运用能力以及阅读理解、英语思维、英

5、语文化背景知识和逻辑推理能力。它是一种考查学生语言能力，特别是语篇层次上交际能力的较难题型。它覆盖的面非常广，是考查考生英语综合水平的重要手段。教师只有明白了这种题型考查学生学生哪方面的能力和要求在复习备考中严格训练就能提高学生的完形填空题的应试能力。完形填空专题训练【专题考案】 （1）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 “Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with. It is 1 to find s

6、omeone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to and 2 other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the 3 of someone who acts important and proud.Down-to-earth persons 4 be important members of society, of course. 5 they do not let their importance “go to their

7、 heads”. They do not 6 themselves to be better persons than others of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, often without cause, is 7 to have “his nose in the air”. There is 8 way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.Americans 9 another expressio

8、n that means almost the same as “down-to-earth”. The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground”. Someone with both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good 10 of reality. He 11 what is called “common sense”. He may have 12 , but he does not allow them to 13 his knowledge of what is real.The opposite

9、kind of 14 is one who has his “head-in-the-clouds”. A man with his-head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer whose 15 is not in the real world. 16 , such a dreamer can be brought back to earth. 17 words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth.Usually, the person who is down-to-ea

10、rth is very 18 to have both feet on-the ground. 19 we have both our feet on-the ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly 20 others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.1ApleasantBsadCcommonDsurprising2AmeetsBwelcomesCreceivesDaccepts3AcaseBkindCoppositeDexam

11、ple4AmustBmayCshouldDwill5ABut BSoCForDAnd6AwishBexpectCdesireDconsider7AsaidBtoldCaskedDmade8AsomeBaCnoDevery9AdiscoverBfindCmakeDuse10AunderstandingBwishCreasonDexpectation11AdemandsBlacksChasDlikes12AfortunesBdreamsCachievementsDdisadvantages13AblockBprotectCownDgain14AideaBpeopleCattitudeDperson

12、15AmindBlifeCbodyDhead16AAlwaysBThereforeCHoweverDSometimes17ASharpBAllCNoDBad18ApossibleBprobableClikelyDable19AThoughBSinceCWhenDUnless20AtowardBforCoverDonto （2）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Dear Dio,Thank you for your note. I like your 1 between death and failure. I had not thoug

13、ht of these two in the 2 way that you describe. I thank you for bringing this to my 3 .Your insights are very deep. 4 you say, “death is only a(n) 5 but failure can change someones whole life.” Yes, death is final. Failure is temporary. Death leaves us with 6 .But failure can leave us with lessons w

14、hich will 7 our lives.I hope that your failure to pass that 8 English test will help you 9 it will hurt you. Please remember that it is not being 10 down that is important. It is the inability to get up that is 11 . You will have to learn to get up ,and to get going. Failure is the “staying down.” I

15、t is not the “falling down.”From reading your letter, I 12 your English to be very good. You write better than 13 of my American friends. I do not know the reason for 14 your English test. Maybe you were distracted that day. It is 15 that persons are judged on the basis of a single test.You write we

16、ll, you 16 your feelings with excellence, and you think 17 . These characteristics should 18 you move toward a bright a bright career. Just dont let yourself “stay down.” Get up and 19 them all know that you are talented and you are 20 to succeed. I think you will.With best wishes for a fine career.

17、Bob1AideaBcomparisonCthoughtDreason2AsameBwrongCcorrectDright3AattentionBheartCheadDhome4AWhichBWhenCWhatDAs5AendBresultCfactDthing6AsomethingBnothingCanythingDthinking7AincreaseBimproveChonorDtreasure8AeasyBsimpleCterribleDordinary9Aas good asBas well asCmore thanDmuch than10AfallenBstayedCknockedD

18、felt11AimpossibleBpossibleCnecessaryDimportant12AjudgeBacceptCpreferDexpect13AallBanyConeDsome14AsucceedingBpassingCfinishingDfailing15AlikelyBreasonableCa shameDfair16AfindBexpressCspeakDtell17AdeeplyBthoroughlyCcarefullyDwidely18AleaveBdriveChelpDstart19AgetBaskCshowDlet20AdevotedBdeterminedCengag

19、edDsupposed （3）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It was a half-mile walk from our small house to the beach road , where the 1 would be waiting for us .But that morning Janet was much worse . She couldnt make 2 walk . And I couldnt carry her . The path to the beach was steep and narrow an

20、d 3 at the water s edge .I was a stranger far from home . I didnt know 4 to turn for help . But I needed it badly . I hurried down to the beach and I found help .Four fishermen were about to go out for their morning 5 . I told them about my sick little sister . Could they help me get her down the 6

21、?I hardly got the words out of my mouth 7 they dragged their boat back onto the sand . They climbed the hill with me . One looked at Janet and they 8 their heads . They talked softly to one another . “ 9 sick to sit in a chair,” one said .“Better carry her 10 in bed ,” said another .An iron cot 11 a

22、long the cliff ! I was frightened . How could they do it ? 12 the men told me not to worry . “Truly easy , truly 13 ” they said .They tied a rope to each leg of the cot . Each of them threw a rope 14 his shoulder and held the end in one hand . I understood what they meant to do . 15 they carried the

23、 cot down the path , they would use the ropes to keep the cot 16 .But what if one of the men slipped and lost his balance ? What would happen to him to the others-to 17 ? The men just smiled at my alarm. “That 18 will make us even more careful.” They said .The men went down the path . Every 19 was a

24、 careful one . Always the cot was level , with never a bump . When they reached the beach road , they quietly lifted Janet into the taxi . 20 , they stretched her out on the back seat .We made the morning train for Tokyo . And there an ambulance was waiting to take Janet to the hospital . The doctor

25、 told me that I had got my little girl there just in time . Janet would be all right soon .1Adoctors Btaxi Cboat Dfishermen 2Aa Bher Cthis Dthat 3Aonly Bmuch Cright Dstraight 4Ahow Bwhat Cwhere Dwhen5Acatch BtrainCexercises Dhelp 6Aroad Bway Cpath Ddrive 7Awhen Bwhile Cafter Dbefore 8Ashook Bnodded

26、Cheld up Ddropped 9AVery BTooCSoDTruly 10Asitting Blying Ckneeling Dstanding 11AtookBbrought Clifted Dcarried 12AAnd BBut CThen DSo 13Ainteresting Bexciting Cdangerous Dsafe 14Aover Bon Cthrough Dacross 15AAsBBecause CBefore DSince 16Asmooth Bunchanged Clevel Dunmoved 17Ame BJanet Cthemselves Dthe-c

27、ot 18Achance Bmatter Cproblem Dtime 19Awalk Bstep Cfoot Dpace20AAnxiously BQuickly CNervously DCarefully （4）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The ship first appeared as a small point on the horizon .We had grown 1 at the delay and cheered when we saw it . For most of us this was an 2 eve

28、nt , because the small object that had come into view was a warship . Husbands , fathers , brothers and 3 were coming home after a(n) 4 of four years . We were 5 that the ship would arrive in about 10 minutes . We cheered more 6 than ever .The harbour had rarely 7 such a colourful scene . It was dec

29、ked out with flags and we were all wearing 8 summer clothes . The time we waited seemed 9 ; but little by little the point took the 10 of a ship and , soon , it came so near that we could 11 its name : Candia, on the ship .Now the crowd could hardly be 12 . People were jumping up and down , waving;

30、and little boys climbed onto 13 vehicles to get a better view . As the ship came into the harbour , everybody 14 eagerly at the troops lined along the railings. Soldiers 15 waved to us wildly , shouting out the names of people they 16 or wanted to see . The two young men in the 17 with a “Welcome Ho

31、me!” banner almost fell over in their 18 to lift it higher . Women were crying ; others 19 ; and some did not quite know whether to laugh or cry . Now the troops were 20 above us .Our excitement had mounted to a peak, for soon they would come on shore .1Aexcited Boverjoyed Canxious Dimpatient 2Aunex

32、pected Bimportant Cinteresting Dencouraging 3Afriends Bsisters Cofficers Dsoldiers 4AexpectationBwait Cabsence Ddisappearance 5Aknown Bannounced Cexplained Dinformed 6Aanxiously Bloudly Churriedly Dsurprisedly 7Agained Boffered Cseen Dmissed 8Agood Bcomfortable Cthin Dgay 9Aendless Blimited Cenjoyab

33、le Dshort 10Aadvantage Blead Cform Dsize 11Amake out Bfind out Clet out Dpick out 12Apushed back Bheld back Cmanaged Dcomforted 13AnewBattractive Cmoving Dstill 14Asmiled Bwhistled Cstared Dglanced 15Aat sea Bin sight Con land Don board 16Asaw Brecognized Cloved Dheard 17Acrowd Btroops Cplace Dship

34、18Ahurry Bcarelessness Cexcitement Ddisappointment 19Asmiling Blaughing Cscreaming Dshouting 20Adirectly Bhighly Chardly Dprobably （5）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made an interesting discovery; we are built not just of flesh and b

35、lood but also of time. They were 1 to show that we all have “a body clock” 2 us, which controls the 3 and fall of our body energies, 4 us different from one day one to the next.The 5 of “a body clock” should not be too 6 since the lives of most living things are controlled 7 the 24 hour night-and-da

36、y cycle. We feel 8 and fall asleep at night and become 9 and energetic during the day. If the 24 hour-cycle is 10 , most people experience unpleasant 11 . For example, people who are not 12 to working at night can find that 13 of sleep causes them to 14 badly at work. 15 the daily cycle of sleeping

37、and 16 , we also have other cycles which 17 longer than one day. Most of us would 18 that we feel good on some days and not so good on 19 ; sometimes our ideas seem to flow and at other times, they 20 do not exist.1AanxiousBableCcarefulDproud2AinsideBaroundCbetweenDon3AmovementBsupplyCuseDrise4Ashow

38、ingBtreatingCmakingDchanging5AinventionBopinionCstoryDidea6AdifficultBexcitingCsurprisingDinteresting7AfromBbyCoverDduring8Adull Btired Cdreamy Dpeaceful9AregularBexcitedClivelyDclear10AdisturbedBshortenedCresetDtroubled11AmomentsBfeelingsCsensesDeffects12ApreventedBallowedCexpectedDused13AmissBnone

39、ClackDneed14AperformBshowCmanageDcontrol15AWithBAs well asCExceptDRather than16Aworking BmovingClivingDwaking17ArepeatBremainClastDhappen18AagreeBbelieveCrealizeDallow19AotherBthe otherCall otherDothers20AjustBonlyCstillDyet （6）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Once the King of India was

40、 ill and sent for his doctor. The doctor came, 1 him and said,“You will be well soon in a few days if you take bulls milk.”The King was 2 ,for he had never heard of a bull that gave milk,“How is it 3 ?”he asked.“Order Gulbo to get it for you,” answered the doctor,“He can do anything.”Gulbo was a per

41、son with great knowledge and was 4 to the doctor. So the doctor thought this would be a way of making him 5 .When the King told Gulbo what the doctor said and 6 him to get bulls milk, Gulbo 7 understood what the doctor was trying to do.When he got home, he sat thinking how to get out of the 8 .His d

42、aughter, seeing him worried, asked what was the 9 .On hearing what the King had asked for , she said,“Dont 10 ,Father, I will help you.”The next day she took some old clothes, went to the bank of the river near the palace, and chose a place 11 the Kings bedroom window. In the middle of the night, sh

43、e started to do her washing. She made so much noise 12 the King could not sleep. The King got very angry and sent a guard to 13 what was the matter. The soldier found the girl, and led her to the King.“Why do you wash your clothes here at night?”said the King. The girl 14 to be afraid and said,“I ha

44、d to wash clothes at night. This afternoon my father had a baby, I was 15 all day because of that. Then I found there were no clean 16 for the baby, so I had to come and wash them now.”“What!” cried the King.“Are you trying to make a 17 of me? I have never heard of a man having a baby.”“Well, if the

45、 King himself orders someone to get bulls milk for him, 18 cant a man have a baby?”The King smiled and said, “You must be Gulbos 19 .”Go and tell your father that he may keep the bulls milk for his 20 .1AcheckedBtestedCjudgedDexamined2ApleasedBsurprisedCtouchedDmoved3ApossibleBimpossibleCusualDunusu

46、al4Aa friendBan enemyCa neighborDa patient5AsufferBhappyCangryDlaugh6AbeggedBorderedCdecidedDdemanded7AsuddenlyBcertainlyCimmediatelyDdirectly8AchanceBsituationCpositionDdifficulty9AmatterBwrongCthingDproblem10AfrightenBworryCdoubtDfear11AaboveBonCbelowDunder12AbutBwhenCasDthat13Afind outBget outCta

47、ke outDbring out14AbeganBlookedCbecameDpretended15AbusyBfreeCsurprisedDanxious16AfoodBclothesCbowlsDbottles17AtrickBjokeCfriendDfool18AwhyBhowCwhoDwhat19AgirlBdaughterCwifeDfriend20AdaughterBsonCgirlDbaby （7）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。There was one true shark story that Jack could

48、 never forget. It happened during the Second World War. A British 1 , called the Nova Scotia, was going from the Red Sea to Durban in South Africa. It was 2 more than a thousand South African soldiers and Italian prisoners of war. There was no, 3 warship, because the danger of enemy attack seemed 4

49、It was a long way from Europe. 5 ,a German submarine had 6 the Indian Ocean. It was waiting outside Durban when the Nova Scotia appeared. The submarine sent the Nova Scotia to the 7 of the sea. Many men were 8 at once. Many others were badly hurt. and they died after a few minutes. But hundreds were

50、 9 . They were not greatly 10 . The sea was 11 and warm. They thought: A ship will find us in the morning. Well soon be saved. A ship did find them, but it saved only 183 men. The 12 had taken the rest. Thirty - five years later, Jack spoke to one of these men. I was on a raft(筏子) , the man said. Th

51、ere. were men all 13 me in the water. They were swimming, or 14 on to pieces of wood. Suddenly I heard a 15 . It came from a man who was a few hundred meters away from me, He threw his arms 16 the air. Then he disappeared below the water. He 17 came up again, That was the 18 . The sharks had 19 the

52、blood of the dead and the dying men. There seemed to be hundredsof them. Man after man gave a terrible shout and then disappeared. I even saw sharks attack men on the rafts. 20 jumped fight out of the water.1. A. officer B. official C. ship D. boat2. A. controlling B. organizing C. carrying D. conta

53、ining3. A. protecting B. fighting C. guarding D. preventing4. A. limited B. small C. unable D. little5. A. So B. Therefore C. However D. Instead6. A, arrived B. got C. been D. reached7. A. bottom B. depth C. water D. surface8. A. killed B. murdered C. gone D. wounded9. A. awaken B. suffering C. aliv

54、e D. floating10. A. disappointing B. anxious C. worried D. eager11. A. still B. calm C. quiet D. smooth12. A. sharks B. men C. ship D. water13. A. over B. round C. on D. below14. A. catching B. grasping C. seizing D. holding15. A. shout B. murmur C. voice D. whistle16. A. to B. through C. in D. with

55、17. A. even B. never C. seldom D. still18. A. result B. beginning C. scene D. situation19. A. tasted B. smelled C. eaten D. drunk20. A. I B. The men C. They D. We （8）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。“Yes, Ill be ready at nine. Goodbye, dear, and thanks again,” Mrs. Robson replaced the 1

56、 and crossed the hall into the comfortable 2 . Really it had not been an 3 telephone call for her to make. Her daughter had been very kind, 4 , and immediately agreed to pick her up, but Mrs. Robson 5 to admit that she needed help. After her 6 died ten years ago. she had prided herself on her 7 . Sh

57、e had continued to live in the house alone and 8 to go and live with her daughter.But this evening, she was standing at the living-room, staring out at the “SOLD” 9 in the small front garden. Her feelings were 10 . Naturally she was sad at the 11 of leaving the house, as it was full of so many 12 .But at the same time she was looking forward to spending her 13 years near the sea, back in the little seaside town where she had