Unit-9-主谓一致-课件PPT

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1、2021/8/261Unit 9 主谓一致.谓语动词用单数的情况谓语动词用单数的情况 .谓语动词用复数的情况谓语动词用复数的情况.语法一致语法一致原则的情况原则的情况.就近原则就近原则的情况的情况.从句中主谓一致的情况从句中主谓一致的情况.就远原则就远原则2021/8/262.谓语动词用单数的情况谓语动词用单数的情况 1.形复意单名词如：形复意单名词如：news;国名如：国名如：the United States;报纸名如：报纸名如：the New York Times;书名如：书名如：Arabian Nights天方夜谭天方夜谭；以及以及the United Nations 等作主语时，谓语

2、动词要用等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数单数。Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.The New York Times is a popular reading material for students.2.以以 ics 结尾的学科名称结尾的学科名称，physics,mathematics,mechanics,politics,economics,linguistics,statistics这些词作学科意义讲时通常做这些词作学科意义讲时通常做单数单数用用。但如果这类名词表示。但如果这类名词表示学科学科以外的其它含义，

3、可作复数用。以外的其它含义，可作复数用。Physics is an important subject in middle schools.Mathematics is the study of numbers.2021/8/2633.名词词组中心词是表示度量名词词组中心词是表示度量,时间时间,价格价格,金钱金钱,容量容量等复数名词时等复数名词时,往往把这些复数名词看作是一个单往往把这些复数名词看作是一个单一概念一概念,看作整体看作整体,谓语动词用单数形式谓语动词用单数形式.Five hundred miles is a long distance.Two years is enough to

4、 learn a foreign language.4.不可数名词的集体名词不可数名词的集体名词，谓语动词要用单数谓语动词要用单数.foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,luggage,poetry The machinery has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.2021/8/2645.不定式、动名词、以及不定式、动名词、以及名词性名词性从句作主语时应看作单从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用数，谓语动词用单数单数。Readin

5、g often means learning.To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.What he said has been recorded.但是两个由但是两个由and连接的名词性从句做主语时，连接的名词性从句做主语时，如果表示如果表示两件事情，其谓语动词用复数。两件事情，其谓语动词用复数。What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.2021/8/2656.由由and连接的并列单数主语的前面连接的并

6、列单数主语的前面,如果分别由如果分别由each,every,no,many a,more than one/a 修饰时，其修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式。Every man and(every)woman _ asked to help.(be)No bird and(no)beast_ seen on the bare island.(be)Many a boy and(many a)girl _ seen the film.(have)More than one student _ been to the park.(have)isishashas2021/8/2667.

7、one of,either of,neither of+复数名词复数名词作主语时，谓语作主语时，谓语动词用动词用单数单数。One of my friends needs my help.Neither of the answers is satisfactory.One and a half,one out of,one in+复数名词复数名词作主语时作主语时，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。One and a half apples is left on the plate.One in ten students has failed in the exams.A year and a hal

8、f _passed.(have)has2021/8/2678.a great/good deal of,a large amount of,amounts of,a bit of+不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。A large amount of water was spilt on the floor.9.主语是由主语是由a series of,a species of,a sequence of,a piece of,a pile of,a pair of,a type of,a kind of,a sort of,a portion of+名词构成名词构成，动词通

9、常用单数动词通常用单数。A series of lectures on psychology is said to be given by Mr.Li.A large portion of her poems was published after her death.2021/8/268.谓语动词用复数的情况谓语动词用复数的情况 1.(1)people,police,cattle,poultry,staff,clothes Domestic cattle provide us with milk,beef and hides(皮皮).The Chinese people are brave

10、and hard-working.(2)family,team,group,crowd,crew,army,class,audience,government,committee,public 将该名词所表示的集体作为一个整体看待，谓语将该名词所表示的集体作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式动词用单数形式;将侧重点放在集体的成员上，谓将侧重点放在集体的成员上，谓语动词用复数形式。语动词用复数形式。My family is a large and happy one.The family are listening to the radio.The committee have differen

11、t ideas.The committee has passed a resolution.2021/8/2692.某些以某些以-s结尾的名词结尾的名词：（1）compasses,scissors,glasses,shorts,trousers,pants,jeans,shoes,spectacles,scales这一类名词单这一类名词单独使用独使用，谓语动词，谓语动词通常用复数通常用复数；如果带有单位词如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单复则由单位词的单复数形式决定动词的单复数形式。数形式决定动词的单复数形式。Joes new trousers are black and white.One pa

12、ir of scissors is not enough but three pairs of scissors are enough.（2）其他以）其他以-s 结尾的名词结尾的名词,如如 arms,clothes,goods,contents,fireworks,minutes,remains,stairs,thanks,wages,belongings,surroundings,earnings,savings作主语，谓语动词通常用复数作主语，谓语动词通常用复数.2021/8/2610(3)单复数同形的名词单复数同形的名词：aircraft,deer,sheep,means,species

13、,series等等,随后的动词随后的动词单单复数形式取决于这复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是用作复数些名词是用作单数还是用作复数。The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms.(诉诸武力诉诸武力)All means have been tried out to increase agricultural production.A new species of mammal has been found.3.the+adj/v-ed 表示一类人时，用复数谓语动词；表表示一类人时，用复数谓语动词；表示个别人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用

14、单数。示个别人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.the poor/dumb/innocent/guilty/unemployed/aged/oppressed/exploited We can do the difficult first.The impossible takes a little longer.The best is yet to come.2021/8/26114.a great/large/good/considerable number of,a great/good

15、 many+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。数。5.a number of+复数名词复数名词，谓语动词用复数。，谓语动词用复数。the number of+复数名词复数名词，谓语动词用单数。，谓语动词用单数。2021/8/2612.语法一致语法一致原则的情况原则的情况1.并列结构并列结构bothand,and 作主语时谓语用作主语时谓语用复数复数;Reading and writing are very important.当主语由当主语由and连结时连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一即指同一人或同一物时人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数谓语动

16、词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词只有一个冠词。law and order bread and butter folk and knife needle and thread love and hate egg and rice 2021/8/2613Ham and eggs _ a good breakfast.A black and white dog _ playing in the yard.A black and a white dog _playing in the yard.The writer and teacher _ reading.The

17、writer and the teacher _ reading.isisareisare2021/8/26142.all of,some of,any of,none of,half of,most of,majority of,percent of,lots of,a lot of,plenty of,a quantity of,quantities of,loads of,heaps of,the rest of等加名词构成的主语，谓语动词的数取决于该名词等加名词构成的主语，谓语动词的数取决于该名词的单复数。的单复数。2021/8/2615All of us _ going to see

18、 the game.All of his time _spent on gambling.Most of the members _there.Some of the money _ been stolen.Half of the building _damaged in the explosion.Half of the students _ girls.areis/wasare/werehaswasare2021/8/26163.主语是由主语是由 分数分数(或百分数或百分数)+of+名词名词构成构成，如果名词是复数如果名词是复数，则谓语动词用复数则谓语动词用复数，反反之如果是单数或不可数名

19、词或代词之如果是单数或不可数名词或代词，则动则动词用单数词用单数，即由后面的名词决定即由后面的名词决定。Thirty-five percent of the doctors are women.Ninety percent of the work has been done.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.2021/8/2617 就近原则就近原则的情况的情况1.由由or,nor,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut(also)连接的并列结构作主语连接的并列结构作主语，随后的随后的动词形式用就近原则处理动

20、词形式用就近原则处理。My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.Not only you but also he is wrong.2.there be 句型中，如名词由句型中，如名词由and连接，谓语动词由连接，谓语动词由靠近动词的名词决定单复数形式。靠近动词的名词决定单复数形式。There are said to be a lot of scenic spots.There is a car and two trucks in front of my house.2021/8/2618.从句中主谓一致的情况从句中主谓一致的情况1.强调句

21、中强调句中It is/was.that.,如果被强调的部分是原句的主如果被强调的部分是原句的主语，则语，则that后的谓语动词在人称与数上应与原句一致。后的谓语动词在人称与数上应与原句一致。It is I that am wrong.It is you that are right.2.“One of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句定语从句”结构中的动词形式结构中的动词形式，在在One of+复数名词结构后复数名词结构后，关系从句中的动词用复数关系从句中的动词用复数。如果这类结构之前有定冠词如果这类结构之前有定冠词the,the only,the very 等限定词时等限定词时，关系从句中的动词用

22、单数关系从句中的动词用单数。One of those men likes to drive fast.One of those men who like to drive fast is her son.He is the only one of those men who likes to drive fast.He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.2021/8/2619.就远原则就远原则 当主语后面跟有由当主语后面跟有由as well as,in addition to,w

23、ith,along with,together with,but,except,except for,rather than,as much as,including,accompanied by,more than,besides等引导的词组时等引导的词组时,其后的动词形式其后的动词形式也取决于主语本身形式也取决于主语本身形式.The manager with some workers was working during the holidays.The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A.is going B.go C.goes D.are goingNobody but Jane_ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is knownAll but Tom _(know)the truth so far.He,rather than you,_.(应受责备应受责备)have knownis to blame部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！