机械英语常用词汇及对话

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1、机械专业词汇（一）machinery 机械mechanical engineering 机械工程design 设计manufacture 制造technique 技术，技巧technology 科技，工程技术specification 阐明书facility 设备machinist 机械师technician 技师design process 设计流程manufacture flow 加工工艺流程concept design 概念设计cutter 刀具tool 刀具cutting tool 切削工具machine tool 机床the engine lathe 一般车床rotate 旋转fab

2、ricate 制作spindle 主轴tailstock 尾架，尾座three jaw chuck 三爪卡盘collet 夹头center 顶尖belt 腰带，传送带workpiece 工件，加工件drill 钻头ream 铰孔 thread 车螺纹adjust 调节，调节taper 锥形，锥度headstock 主轴箱work-holding attachment工件卡紧附件electric motor 电动机belt drive 带驱动gear 齿轮，传动装置gear train 齿轮传动链cut taper 切锥度grind 磨grinding machine 磨床assemble 装配

3、miller 铣工，铣床milling 铣削method 措施portion 部分bore 钻，挖slot 狭槽，口swivel 旋转swiveling head 旋转头the multimodal cutter 多齿铣刀milling cutters 铣刀cut gear 加工齿轮vertical spindle machine 立式主轴铣床horizontal miller 卧式铣床arc 电弧welding 焊接joint 接头article 条款brazing 铜焊electrode 电极，电焊条holder 固定器worksite 工地，施工现场helmet 头盔leather ap

4、ron 皮革制服safety equipment 安全装备glove 手套arc welding 电焊弧resistance welding 电阻焊接gas welding 气焊solid state welding 固态焊source of electric current 电流源leather apron 皮革制服bench 工作台benchwork 在工作台上完毕旳工作fitter 装配工manipulation 操纵mold 模子repair 修理worktable 工作台conveyor 传送者hardware 五金器具，硬件vice 台虎钳，老虎钳file 锉刀anvil 铁砧mo

5、unter 装配工，安装工operation 运转，操作mechanize 机械化case fitter 家具安装工hardware assemble 五金器具、硬件装配师movable vice with anvil 带有铁砧旳可移动性台虎钳tilatable vice 倾动式旳台虎钳case fitters 家具安装工rolling 辗压forging 锻造extruding 挤压stretching 拉伸straight bending 直弯casting 锻造molding 成型raw material 原材料metallurgy 冶金学，冶金术die 模具blacksmith 铁匠a

6、lloy 合金primary process 初加工工艺secondary process 精加工工艺manufacturing process机械加工工艺powder metallurgy 粉末冶金finishing operation 精整end product 最后产品molten metal 熔融金属production process 生产工艺shaping 刨光，刨削planning 刨平slab milling 平面铣face milling 端面铣broaching 拉削，推削grinding 磨削sawing 锯切flat surface machining 平面加工dril

7、ling 钻孔boring 镗孔reaming 铰孔metal removal 金属切削chip removal 有屑切削chipless removal 无屑切削metal removal by heat 热金属切削cylindrical surface machining 圆柱面加工punch 冲孔，打孔numerical control 数控punched card 穿孔卡片punched tape 穿孔带magnetic tape 磁性带work relationship 工件关系tool relationship 刀具关系smelt 精炼，冶炼furnace 炉子，熔炉heat tr

8、eatment 热解决iron smelting 铁旳熔炼physical characteristics 物理特性whole heat treatment 整体热解决surface heat treatment 表面热解决chemical heat treatment化学热解决heat-temperature 加热温度cooling method 冷却方式heating 加热annealing 退火quenching 淬火cutter 刀具grinder 磨工accident rate 事故发生率accident-free operation 零事故操作mechanical guarding

9、 机械防护safety instruction 安全规章safety officer 安全管理员mechanism 机械装置panel 面板pipe 导管piston 活塞crankshaft 机轴，曲轴cam 凸轮valve 阀roller 滚筒，switch on 接通electronic control system 电控系统steel sheet 钢板wind resistance 风阻力aluminium alloy 铝合金back wheel 后轮spoke wheel 辐条车轮disc wheel 盘状车轮翻译对话 (1)Jay: How many machine tools a

10、re there in your factory?Tommy: Ten.Jay: What kind of machine tools are they?Tommy: There are four lathes, three milling machines, two shapers and one drilling machine.Jay: How many workers are there in your workshop?Tommy: There are nine.Jay: Are they all turners?Tommy: No, seven of them are turner

11、s and two locksmiths.Jay: So no one can operate the milling machine.Tommy: No, six of the turners can operate it.Jay: Is there any women?Tommy: There are eight women. Five are workers. Others are managers.Dialogue（2）A: Tom, you said that / you like to / be a machinist, /didnt you?B: Yes, sir. /An ou

12、tstanding machinist!A: Then, do you know /what you have to learn?B: Sorry, sir. I am not clear about / it enough. Could you tell me /something about it?A: You should pay attention to /manufacture and design. This book introduces /basic knowledge about manufacture. You will benefit from it. B: Thank

13、you so much. I will try my best to learn it. Oh, this machine / looks interesting. What is it?A: It is a very useful tool / in machining. The engine lathe.B: What does it use for?A: The engine lathe / is a very useful tool in machining. It can be used for / drilling, reaming, threading, cutting tape

14、rs. B: Ive got it. Dialogue（3）A: Sir, I am not familiar with / the equipment / in our workshop. Could you please / give me a hand?B: Sure. Any questions?A: Is this a bench?B: Yes, it is.A: How about those tools?B: This is a vice, and that is a file. This is not a tool / but a workpiece. A workpiece

15、/ is the material / to be manufactured.A: Ok, I see. Whats that big machine?B: Its the engine lathe. And altogether we have five lathes. Here we have / five turners / to operate those lathes.A: I heard that /the engine lathe / is one kind of machine tools. Am I right? B: Yeap. The engine lathe, / mi

16、lling machine, / grinding machine, /drilling machine, /shaper /and sawing machine/ are machine tools. All of them /are important /in mechanical engineering.A: Are there /any other machine tools/ in our workshop?B: Of course. We have three milling machines, / two shapers/ and four drilling machines.

17、A: Thats great. Thank you for your explanation. Dialogue（4）A: Tom, do you know / what the original machine is?B: It may be tools, / which were used by / the primitive men.A: Right. The first tools that the mankind made were stone falchions, stone axes and stone hammers. All kinds of complicated and

18、accurate modern machines are developed from the simple tools of the ancient times step by step. B: Oh, I see, sir. That is the reason why we learn the mechanical history. Dialogue Translation (5):A: Tom, Do you know what is milling method?B: Sorry sir. I have no idea about it.A: Milling is a process

19、 of generating machined surfaces. The process employs relative motion between a workpiece and a rotating cutter. After the milling process, some kinds of required surfaces can be produced.。B: whats the machine used in milling process?A: Miller or we can say milling machine. Milling machines are usef

20、ul in many areas. They are usually used to machine flat surfaces and irregular surfaces as well. They can also be used to drill, bore, cut, gears, and produce. B: May I ask another question?A: Sure. Go ahead.B: Which one is more important, a lathe or a miller? A: Its hard to say. A lathe can hold mo

21、re kinds of tools with its spindle. The milling tools have many teeth, just like many lathe tools.B: I see. They are both important in manufacturing.Manufacturing processes can be classified into two general groups. They are known as primary processes and secondary processes.Primary processes can co

22、nvert saw materials into different shapes. And secondary processes remove metal from a workpiece in order to achieve a specified shape or configuration . Castings are made by pouring the molten metal into a mold or die. Shaping, grinding, and milling are typical flat surface machining methods. Drill

23、ing, reaming, turning and grinding are typical cylindrical surface machining methods. Dialogue Translation (6):A: Tom, what does “turning” mean?B: Perhaps, it means “dancing”.A: No, you are absolutely wrong! Turning is one of the most basic machining processes.B: I see. Then, which machine tool is u

24、sed in turning, milling machine or grinding machine?A: Neither of them. Turning is a kind of chip removal process. The machine tool used in this process is called a lathe. The starting material is generally a workpiece generated by other processes, such as casting and forging.B: I have another question. What are the advantages and disadvantages of turning?A: It is a rapid processing technique. However, it can only produce circular or conical sections. And the initial cost of the machine tool is relatively high. Besides, turning process is a waste of raw material. B: Ok, Ive got it. Thanks.