unit1whatsthematter语法聚焦

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1、Whats the matter?Section A语法聚焦1. A: Whats the matter? 这是人们特别是医生和护士询问病人病情时常用问句, 意思是“怎么了”? 其后常与with连用。类似的有: Whats wrong? 怎么啦? Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了? Whats your trouble? Whats the trouble with you? Whats up? Are you OK? Is there anything wrong with you?What happens to you?B、征求建议：What should sb. do

2、? 某人该做什么呢？获得认同：Should sb. do.? 某人该做吗？1).What should I do? Should I go home? No, you cant. You should go to the doctor.2).what should he do? Should he drink wine? He should drink some hot tea with honey.3).Are you OK? 没事吧？2.need聚焦：1). need sth. 需要He needs some water now.2). need to do sth. 需要做. I nee

3、d to have a rest.3). neednt do sth. 不必做. You neednt waste time here.4). sth. need doing 东西需要.Your English need reading.3. have a cold伤风, 感冒, 是固定词组 表示身体不适的常用词组还有: have a bad cold 重感冒 have a (high) fever 发烧 have a headache 头痛 have a stomachache 肚子痛, 胃痛 have a toothache 牙痛have a backache 背疼have a sore

4、throat 喉咙疼have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒lie down and rest 躺下休息drink hot tea with honey 喝热蜂蜜茶drink lots of water喝大量水see a dentist 看牙医take ones temperature 量体温go to a doctor 看医生 get an X-ray 做X光检查 put some medicine on it在上面敷药take breaks away from 离开休息 实践与巩固：一根据上下文意思填空。Mandy: Lisa, are you OK?Lisa: I _

5、a headache and I cant move my neck. What _ I do? Should I _ my temperature?Mandy: No, it doesnt sound like you have a fever. What _ you do on the weekend?Lisa: I played computer _ all weekend.Mandy: Thats probably why. You need to take breaks _ from the computer.Lisa: Yeah, I think I sat in the _ wa

6、y for too long without moving.Mandy: I think you should _ down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a _. Lisa: OK. Thanks, Mandy.二翻译下列句子。1. 你怎么了？我头痛。2. 他怎么了？他发烧。3. 李娜怎么了？他喉咙痛。他应该多喝水。4. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然疼的话，请去看医生。5、我的脖子不能动弹了.6、我的头感觉很热.7、听起来你不像发烧. 8、我用同样的方式坐得太久没动. SectionA2短语荟萃：g

7、o along (walk along) 沿着走when当.时lie-lay- lain lying躺3种词性on the side of the road在马路边shout for help呼救without thinking twice没多想get on/ off 上/下车Sth happen to sb. / sb. happen to do sth某事发生在/碰巧做have a heart problem有心脏病expect that /expect (sb.) to do期待/期望某人做to ones surprise 使.惊讶的是 （sth）surprising / (sb.) s

8、urprised两种词性用法agree to do /agree that agree with sb /agree on同意move sb onto sp. / get sb. onto sp. 抬到thanks to /thanks for多亏/谢谢in time /on time及时/准时dont want any trouble不想惹麻烦think about sb./sth./ doing sth. (think of) 考虑save a life/lose ones life救命/失去生命right away/at once/right now立刻get into trouble

9、/want some trouble (be in trouble) 惹麻烦语法聚焦：1.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture.When the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. . 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事e.g. I often see him draw a picture.1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。 I saw him _ by t

10、he river.2) 我看见过他在河边玩。 I saw him _ by the river.3) 我看着他过了桥。 I see him _ across the bridge.4) 我看见她正在洗碗。 I see her _ the dishes.2.介词 + 名词/宾格代词/doing sth. 1).The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice.2).He only thought about saving a life.你能看出“without thinking”、“abou

11、t saving a life” 的共同点吗?1) I am fine. What about _ (she)? 2) Thanks for _ (tell) me the story? 3) It is a sunny day. How about _ (go) fishing? 4) It is good to relax by _ (use) the Internet or _ (watch) game shows3. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. to ones surprise 使.惊讶的是，出乎.意料 e.

12、g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam. a surprising story be surprised at4. because they dont want any trouble, trouble“困难；麻烦”，不可数名词。如：Im sorry to give you so much trouble. 1) be in trouble “有困难；陷入困境”。 如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.2) get sb. into trouble “使某人陷入困

13、境”。 如: If you come, you may get me into trouble.3) 主语 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. “某人在做某事方面有困难”。eg: I have some trouble (in) reading the letter. trouble“麻烦事；烦心事”，可数名词。eg：She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles.5. It+ be+ adj.+ that(主语从句)Its sad that many people dont want to

14、 help others because they dont want any trouble.翻译时，我们要把that从句的意思提到前面：“因为怕惹麻烦，很多人不想帮助别人是令人寒心的。”It is very necessary that we study hard now.实做与巩固根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 (1) 他认为每天吃饭是一件麻烦事。 He thinks that eating every day is _.(2) 你知道你现在为什么处于困境吗？ Do you know why you _ now? (3) 我妹妹在学习英语方面有困难。 My sister _ English.

15、6. needed to go the hospital right away. right away “立刻；马上” = in a minute = right now = at onceeg： Ill be there right away / in a minute.根据汉语意思完成英语句子。你必须马上出发。You must start _.短语实践：1) 看到某人正在做某事2) 让某人吃惊的是3) 下车4) 上车5) 多亏，幸亏6) 考虑7) 同意做某事8) 造成麻烦用括号内的词的适当形式填空。1. The driver saw an old man _ (lie) on the ro

16、ad.2. I sat in the same way without _ (move).3. He only thought about _ (save) a life and didnt think about _ (him).4. The old man needed _ (go) to the hospital.5. A woman was _ (shout) for help.6. He expected them _ (get) off the busSection A聚集secionA:1. have1).作“有”讲。 如： I have a bag. 我有一个包。 He has

17、 a red cup. 他有一个红杯子。 2). 作“吃、喝”讲。如： have breakfast (吃早饭) have tea (喝茶) have a biscuit (吃块饼干) have a drink (喝点水)3). “患病” have a cold, have a fever4). 固定短语 have a try, have a look, have a party 巩固与运用1）. 她有许多好朋友。 She _ lots of good friends.2）. 当我们感冒时，应该多喝水。 When we _ bad colds, we should drink more wat

18、er.3）. 他早餐常吃鸡蛋。 He _ eggs for breakfast.4）. 他昨天去参加聚会了。 He _ yesterday.2. should属情态动词, 后接动词原形, 没有人称和数的变化。用于提出建议劝告别人。should的否定形式为 should not, 通常缩写为 shouldnt。1). Tom, I have a toothache. 汤姆, 我牙痛。 You should see a dentist. 你应当去看牙医。2). Im not feeling well these days. I have bad cough. 这些天我身体不适, 老是咳嗽。 You

19、 shouldnt smoke so much, I think. 我认为你不该抽这么多烟。3). Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should. / No, you shouldnt.4). What should she do? She should take her temperature.实践运用1. She has a stomachache. She _ eat so much next time.2. Should she see a dentist and get an X- ray? Yes, she _. / No, s

20、he _.3.反身代词(oneself)又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示：第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves 1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look aft

21、er ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一 个或同一些人或事物。She isnt quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。4. 用在某些固定短语当中。照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自学te

22、ach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快enjoy oneself请自用（随便吃/喝些）help oneself to sth.摔伤自己 hurt oneself自言自语 say to oneself沉浸于，陶醉于之中lose oneself in 把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself给自己买.东西 buy oneself sth.介绍自己 introduce oneself休息 get some rest/have a rest Notice: 1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做 主语的同位语，起强调作用。 I

23、myself can finish my homework. I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own. Im drawing with my own crayons. 我用我自己的蜡笔画画。运用与实践：1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after _ very we

24、ll.4. My cat can find food by _.5. Help _ to some beef, boys.Section B1.短语荟萃go to the hospital上医院press the sides of ones nose压住鼻子的两侧put ones head down把头低下rest for a few days休息几天get hit on the head头部受到撞击have a nosebleed 流鼻血make notes about做关于记录cut off切除get out of 离开half ones arm半条胳膊give up放弃putin ord

25、er按顺序排have problem breathing呼吸困难find sb. in找到某人在get hit by a ball被球击中because of +名词/宾格代词/doing./because+that从句因为get sunburned. 被晒伤take a risk/take risks冒险lose ones way/lose ones life/arm/lose too much blood迷路/失去生命/胳膊/失去很多血 be caught under被压在下climb by oneself独自爬山 fall on/ fall down朝落下/摔倒too many/too

26、much/much too太多/太 find help寻求帮助be free /free ones arm有空/让胳膊挣脱run out of用光save ones life拯救某人自己的生命be ready to do sth/be ready for sth. 准备做/为做准备cut off /cut down /cut up /cutinto /cut in切除/砍倒/切碎/切成/插入have the same spirit as sb. 跟有同样的精神 die-dead-dying-death死的3种词性:v.-adj.-ving.-n. get out of从出来be in cont

27、rol of掌控keep on doing/keep doing/keep sb. doing继续做/不间断地做/让某人一直做decide to do/make a decision to do sth决定做 climb the mountain/ go mountain climbing/mountain climbing爬山/去爬山/登上运动2. tell sb sth/that告诉某人，tell sb. to do 告诉某人做 , tell sth. to sb.讲给听3. hit sb.撞到，hit sb. in(on) 打某人部位。in 用于eye.mouth.face.stomac

28、h等软部位，on用于head.nose.back.chest等硬部位。语法聚焦 一.状语从句 在复合句中，用作状语的从句。根据意思可分为时间、原因、条件、结果、让步等类型。1. 结果状语从句so that / sothat（结果）1) He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.2) His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. so that 引导目的

29、状语从句,译为 “为了,以便”,引导结果状语从句,译为“因此; 所以，结果”。e.g. I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly. (目的状语从句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately.so that引导目的状语从句时，表“以便；为了”，常使用so thatcan /could /may /might /will /would /should e.g. He worked hard at his lessons

30、so that he could gain high grades in the exams.他努力学习，以便争取考试能获得好成绩。 He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。so. that.中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，“如此以致于”。 so + adj. / adv. + that从句。e.g. The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. so + adj. + a(n) + 单数名词 + t

31、hat从句。 e.g. It was so fine a day yesterday that well went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。such + a(n) + adj. +单数名词 + that从句2. when(时间) Bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.before: Lets think about it before we find ourselves “between

32、a rock and a hard place.”3、because(原因) : Many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble.4.当状语从句的主语与主句的一致时，可以省略主语部分，只保留引导词+ving.e.g. After he lost his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place.After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a

33、 Hard Place.二. 定语从句1. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 这是由when引导的定语从句。修饰前面的名词times。e.g. I thought of the happy days when I stayed in London. He still remembers the time when you give him the book as a gift.2. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested

34、 in mountain climbing.这是who 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词man.3.Before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.这是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词decision.三.动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。它还保留着动词的特点可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。所以可做主语、宾语、宾语补语和状语等。1.作目的状语He would have to do something to save his own life.A

35、fter that, he climbed down the mountain to find help.2.作主语 It is important for the students to study hard from now.3.做宾语 I want to go xian next year.四.固定用法.1. he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 此句为习语。表在艰难或危险的处境下“从两难中进行选择”。e.g. Who will you save w

36、hen your mother and wife are both in water? Its between a rock and a hard place.2. This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. mean v. “意思是” 或 “意味着”。e.g. What do you mean? 你的意思是什么？ before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 在我们做出可能意味着生死的决定前。mea

37、n to do sth.打算做某事。 e.g. I mean to talk with him about it.What do you mean by?/what do you mean?/whats the meaning of ?.是什么意思？ e.g. what do you mean by this word?/whats the meaning of the word?3. be used to doing习惯于做 used to do过去常常做use sth. to do用来做1). As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking ri

38、sks.2). We used to study English and get good grades.3). The students often use the computer to play games.实践与运用：1）.These boys (watch) TV every day.2）. People paper (write) these days.3）. Most people (eat ) meals in right hand.4. Interest: n. /v. 兴趣/使感兴趣 固定用法：a）. sb. be interested in sth./take an in

39、terest in sth. 对感兴趣 b）. interested 与人有关，interesting 与物有关.e.g.1). Tom in history books in the past.2).The book is very .3). Mr. Wang is an teacher.5. With 和in 作“用”意思时，with常指用工具（fork/knife 等），而in指用语言、声音、材料等。1).we write homework pen.2).Chinese talk with each other Chinese.选择题1. Mr. More has more money

40、than Mr. Little. But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She, she B. She, herself C. Her, herself D. Her, She3. I made the cake by _. Help _, Tom.A. ourselves, yourself B. myself, yourself C. myself, you D. me, him4. Who ta

41、ught _ history last year? Nobody! He learned it _.A. him, himself B. his, himselfC. himself, himself D. his, him5. The camera is _ expensive _ I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that 6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was _ that nobody could answer it.A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult