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1、A vase or two faces?The classic Gestalt phenomenon is that of figure versus ground.Which is the image and which the background?Definition Gestalt is a German word for form or shape.It is used in English to refer to a concept of wholeness.For example,a sentence has a Gestalt because it has a characte
2、ristic of its meaning which none of the individual words or letters have.Gestalt emphasizes that“the whole is greater than the sum of the parts”.Six Gestalt Principles Principle 1-ProximityThe principle of proximity states that things which are closer together will be seen as belonging together.Prin
3、ciple 2-SimilarityThe principle of similarity states that things which share visual characteristics such as shape,size,color,texture,value or orientation will be seen as belonging together.Principle 3-Good ContinuationThe principle of continuity predicts the preference for continuous figures.We perc
4、eive the figure as two crossed lines instead of 4 lines meeting at the center.Principle 4-Closure Related to principle of good continuation,there is a tendency to close simple figures,independent of continuity or similarity.This results in a effect of filling in missing information or organising inf
5、ormation which is present to make a whole.Principle 5-Symmetry The principle of symmetry describes the instance where the whole of a figure is perceived rather than the individual parts which make up the figure.Principle 5-simplicityCharacteristics of the Gestalt LearnerCommon Strengths of Gestalt L
6、earners Will focus on whole pictureNeeds to see and hear the whole image/sound in order to learnExhibits good memory for images and whole conceptsMight need to close eyes or turn head away from teacher in order to process learningMust be able to see,hear,move and or verbalize the whole context befor
7、e learning detailsQuickly grasps the main ideaChallenges in Learning for Gestalt vLearner will see the whole picture but might have difficulty breaking it down into a sequence of words in order to express what he seesvLearner might have trouble explaining how he arrived at an answer once hes solved
8、it(such as in math problems when directed to show his work)vAlthough he might quickly grasp the main idea,he may have great difficulty in communicating the details in a linear way(logical sequence of steps)vMight have difficulty with fine motor activitiesUses in human The gestalt laws are used in us
9、er interface design.The laws of similarity and proximity can,for example,be used as guides for placing radio buttons.They may also be used in designing computers and software for more intuitive human use.Examples include the design and layout of a desktops shortcuts in rows and columns.Gestalt psychology also has applications in computer vision for trying to make computers see the same things as humans do.
Gestalt 教育心理学 英文
