自动化立体仓库应用(英文加翻译)

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1、毕业设计（论文）外文文献 题 目： 自动化立体仓库应用及其特点 院 （系）： 中原工学院继续教育学院 专 业： 工业自动化 姓 名： 指引教师： 填表日期： 4月 Application of Automatic Warehouse and its characteristics overhead storage for short Top shelf storage Generally refers to the use of layers, a dozen or even several-storey layer shelf storage unit goods, material han

2、dling equipment with the corresponding goods inbound and outbound warehouse operations. As such storage can make full use of space for storage, Guchang image to be known as the Warehouse.1.1 Automatic WarehouseHigh overhead for short shelf storage warehouse. Generally refers to the use of layers, a

3、dozen or even several-storey layer shelf storage unit goods, material handling equipment with the corresponding goods inbound and outbound warehouse operations. As such storage can make full use of space for storage, Guchang image to be known as the Warehouse. Warehouse production and development is

4、 the result of production and technological development after World War II. The early 50s, the United States emerged with overhead stacking crane warehouse; the late 50s and early 60s appears the tunnel-type stacking crane warehouse of the driver operating; in 1963 computer controlled is took the le

5、ad in the overhead storage in the United States, builting the first computer-controlled warehouse. Since then, the automated warehouse in the United States and Europe have developed rapidly and formed a special subject. Mid-60s, Japan began the construction of warehouse, and the speed of development

6、 became faster and faster, becoming one of the countries which have the worlds most automated warehouse. Our warehouse and material handling equipment on the development did not start late. China developed the first overhead stacking crane in 1963 (Ministry of Machinery Beijing Materials Handling Re

7、search Institute), ,and started to develop Chinas first computer-controlled The Automatic Warehousein 1973 (15 m high, lifting the Ministry responsible for machines), the library was put into operation in 1980. So far, the number of automated warehouse in China has more than 200. Due to the high-ris

8、e warehouse space utilization, a strong ability to enter the library, using computer control and management and help enterprises to implement modern management and so on,warehouse has become an indispensable logistics and production management of storage technology, enterprises took more and more at

9、tention to it. The itmachines), the library andapplications ofAutomated overhead warehouse is used in a wide range, virtually every business sector. In China, the application of automated overhead warehouse industry is mainly in mechanical, metallurgical, chemical, aerospace, electronics, pharmaceut

10、ical, food processing, tobacco, printing, distribution centers, airports, ports and so on . the basic components of Automated library: Top shelf: the steel structure used to store goods. There are two basic forms currently :welded modular shelves and knockdown shelves . Tray (Container): The apparat

11、us used for carrying cargo, also known as the location appliance. Retrieval machine: device for automatic access to the goods. Form of the structure into a single column and double column two basic forms; by means of service delivery is divided into straight, bend and transfer trucks three basic for

12、ms. Conveyor systems: the main stereo library peripherals, responsible for delivery of goods to or from the stacker crane . Conveyor types are more common with roller conveyors, chain conveyors, lifting platform, distribution trucks, elevators, belt machine and so on. AGV system: the AGV. According

13、to the guidance-oriented approach is divided into induction and laser guided trolley car. Automatic control system: Drive automated library system, automatic control system equipment. Currently used for the control model Fieldbus-based approach. Stock Information Management System: Also known as a c

14、entral computer management system. Is a fully automated three-dimensional database system core. The typical automated library systems are using large-scale database systems (such as ORACLE, SYBASE, etc.) to build a typical client / server system with other systems (eg ERP systems) networking or inte

15、gration. 1.2 The advantages of Automatic Warehouse Automatic Warehousehasmany advantages for enterprises, It can be reflected in the following areas: 1.2.1 improve the space utilization Early warehouse concept, the basic starting point is to increase space utilization, full conservation is limited a

16、nd valuable land. Some developed countries in the West, the view of space utilization have been more extensive and deep meaning, conservation of land was linked with energy conservation and environmental protection . Some even treated the utilization of space systems as the key indicators of advance

17、d and reasonable assessment . He space utilization of Three-dimensional database of t is closely linked with planning. Generally speaking, the space utilization of automated overhead warehouse is large as 2-5 times as the normal level. This is very impressive. 1.2.2 facilitate the formation of advan

18、ced logistics systems, improve production management Traditional warehouse is the place of cargo storage, preservation of the goods is its only function, It is a static storage. Automatic Warehouseadopted advanced automated material handling equipment, not only make the goods in the warehouse as req

19、uired automatic access, but also make the organic connection with the outside of the production of storage areas, and through the computer management systems and automated material handling equipment make warehouse into an important part in Production Logistics. Business outsourcing production of pa

20、rts and pieces into the automated warehouse self-storage is a part of the whole production, short-term storage is automatically at a specified time to output to the next process of production, creating an automated logistics system, which is a Dynamic Storage and is also a clear trend of the develop

21、ment in todays automated warehouse technology. Logistics system described above is a subsystem of the large system in the enterprise production management (from the order, the necessary design and planning, planning and production scheduling, manufacturing, assembly, testing, shipping, etc.) , the e

22、stablishment of real-time connection between logistics systems and business major systems, automated overhead warehouse development is another significant technology trends. Modern business management put foward higher demand, the moder thinking of the effectiveness of managementhas become the most

23、modern enterprise management consensus. Production management is an important part of management, including product planning, production organization, logistics planning, outsourcing peripheral, product quality, cost estimation, and other content. automation overhead storage system as a central part

24、 of the production process, almost involved in all the production management process. 1.2.3 to speed up access to the storage rhythm of goods, reduce labor intensity and improve production efficiency The establishment of goods trade system and make the Automatic Warehousecenter, it also has other ad

25、vantages that the automated library has a rapidly speed into or outto the library , can quickly and properly storage the goods into the library (storage), but also fast in time and automatically in the service of parts and materials needed to the production line. This feature that common level libra

26、ries can not reach. Meanwhile, the realization of Automatic Warehouseis the most typical example that reducing the labor intensity . This reduction of labor intensity is integrated, including: （1）the automated storage raneway l machine to replace the manual pickup in goods and labor, That is quick a

27、nd labor-saving. Since workers do not need to enter the warehouse work, working conditions greatly improved. （2）the use of computer management systems to manage goods, greatly enhancing the management capacity of goods. Making the warehouse management scientific accuracy and reliability of a quality

28、 improvement in or out to a database management, stocktaking, reports, and other workload becomes simple and quick, significantly reduced labor intensity. （3）Three-dimensional libray system combined with auxiliary transmission equipment, make the goods in or out to the library become easy and conven

29、ient. （4）The number of automated library system required operators and maintenance staff is small, not only saves resources, saves money, but also improved working environment.1.2.4 to reduce the backlog of stock funds After some investigating and understanding about a number of large enterprises ,

30、due to historical reasons,the management tools get behind and smaterials management fragmented, production chain and production management difficult to place in close contact, in order to reach the expected production capacity and meet production requirements, the adequacy of raw materials and spare

31、 parts must be prepared . This inventory backlog has become a major problem. How to reduce the backlog of stock funds and fully meet the production needs,a large mumber of enterprises have to face the big problem. High bay storage system is one of the most effective means to solve this problem. （1）t

32、he factory goods trade system that make the automated Three-dimensional libray for the center, it solves the production circulation problems and the supply conflict. So that the supply of raw material and parts needed for the production of production volume and the number can reach an optimum value.

33、 （2）The foundation of computer network system make the purchased abut raw material and the components except parts procure more time and meet the actual demand. （3）The computer Management System to strengthen the macro-control function, so that the production output of each link to meet actual deman

34、d. （4）the establishment of finished products and semi-finished base to solve the temporary discrepancies of market demand and supply , full productive potential of enterprises. 1.2.5 sign of modern enterprise modern enterprise take the intensive mass production mode. This requires that all sectors o

35、f the production process linked closely ,make it into an organic whole. require production management Scientific . Make scientific decisions. therefore, building an automated overhead warehouse system is one of the effective measures. As mentioned earlier, automated logistics system maximize to use

36、the space, best meet the production requirements, reduce the labor intensity, improve production efficiency, strengthen production and materials management, reducing inventory backlog of funds,it has unparalleled advantages. This is required and pursued by a modern enterprise.As a result of computer

37、 management and network technology .it is able to make the business leaders quickly grasp all the material information and make engineering and technical personnel, production managers, production technicians timely know information in order to arrange the production process in reason, improve produ

38、ction efficiency possiblely. Internet and enterprise internal network obtain a more business-line connectivitybetween the outside world and enterprise, breaking the information bottleneck, broaden their horizons, Introduced outside and linked inside,these provide a broad and strong technical support

39、. Taking a look at chinese and foreign large enterprise, they have used automated logistics systems usedgradually since the beginning of 60s, they have become an indispensable important part in production management today. According To statistics,Japan has built Automatic Warehouse(logistics system)

40、 more than 8,000 Block. The establishment of automated warehouse systems have become an important symbol for the modern enterprise. 自动化立体仓库应用及其特点 高层货架仓库简称高架仓库。一般是指采用几层、十几层乃至几十层高的货架储存单元货品，用相应的物料搬运设备进行货品入库和出库作业的仓库。由于此类仓库能充足运用空间储存货品，故常形象地将其称为“立体仓库”。 1.1 自动化立体仓库 高层货架仓库简称高架仓库。一般是指采用几层、十几层乃至几十层高的货架储存单元货品，

41、用相应的物料搬运设备进行货品入库和出库作业的仓库。由于此类仓库能充足运用空间储存货品，故常形象地将其称为“立体仓库”。 立体仓库的产生和发展是第二次世界大战之后生产和技术发展的成果。50年代初，美国浮现了采用桥式堆垛起重机的立体仓库；50年代末60年代初浮现了司机操作的巷道式堆垛起重机立体仓库；1963年美国率先在高架仓库中采用计算机控制技术，建立了第一座计算机控制的立体仓库。此后，自动化立体仓库在美国和欧洲得到迅速发展，并形成了专门的学科。60年代中期，日本开始兴建立体仓库，并且发展速度越来越快，成为当今世界上拥有自动化立体仓库最多的国家之一。 国内对立体仓库及其物料搬运设备的研制开始并不晚

42、，1963年研制成第一台桥式堆垛起重机（机械部北京起重运送机械研究所），1973年开始研制国内第一座由计算机控制的自动化立体仓库（高15米，机械部起重所负责），该库1980年投入运营。到目前为止，国内自动化立体仓库数量已超过200座。立体仓库由于具有很高的空间运用率、很强的入出库能力、采用计算机进行控制管理而利于公司实行现代化管理等特点，已成为公司物流和生产管理不可缺少的仓储技术，越来越受到公司的注重。 自动化高架仓库应用范畴很广，几乎遍及所有行业。在国内，自动化高架仓库应用的行业重要有机械、冶金、化工、航空航天、电子、医药、食品加工、烟草、印刷、配送中心、机场、港口等。自动化立体库的基本构成

43、:高层货架:用于存储货品的钢构造。目前重要有焊接式货架和组合式货架两种基本形式。托盘（货箱）：用于承载货品的器具，亦称工位器具。巷道堆垛机:用于自动存取货品的设备。按构造形式分为单立柱和双立柱两种基本形式；按服务方式分为直道、弯道和转移车三种基本形式。输送机系统:立体库的重要外围设备，负责将货品运送到堆垛机或从堆垛机将货品移走。输送机种类非常多，常用的有辊道输送机，链条输送机，升降台，分派车，提高机机，皮带机等。AGV系统:即自动导向小车。根据其导向方式分为感应式导向小车和激光导向小车。自动控制系统:驱动自动化立体库系统各设备的自动控制系统。目前以采用现场总线方式为控制模式为主。库存信息管理系

44、统:亦称中央计算机管理系统。是全自动化立体库系统的核心。目前典型的自动化立体库系统均采用大型的数据库系统（如ORACLE，SYBASE等）构筑典型的客户机/服务器体系，可以与其她系统（如ERP系统等）联网或集成。 1.2 自动化立体仓库的优越性 自动化立体仓库其优越性是多方面的，对于公司来说,可从如下几种方面得到体现： 1.2.1 提高空间运用率 初期立体仓库的设想，其基本出发点就是提高空间运用率，充足节省有限且珍贵的土地。在西方有些发达国家，提高空间运用率的观点已有更广泛深刻的含义，节省土地，已与节省能源、环保等更多的方面联系起来。有些甚至把空间的运用率作为系统合理性和先进性考核的重要指标来

45、看待。立体库的空间运用率与其规划紧密相连。一般来说，自动化高架仓库其空间运用率为一般平库的2-5倍。这是相称可观的。 1.2.2 便于形成先进的物流系统，提高公司生产管理水平 老式仓库只是货品储存的场合，保存货品是其唯一的功能，是一种“静态储存”。自动化立体仓库采用先进的自动化物料搬运设备，不仅能使货品在仓库内按需要自动存取，并且可以与仓库以外的生产环节进行有机的连接，并通过计算机管理系统和自动化物料搬运设备使仓库成为公司生产物流中的一种重要环节。公司外购件和自制生产件进入自动化仓库储存是整个生产的一种环节，短时储存是为了在指定的时间自动输出到下一道工序进行生产，从而形成一种自动化的物流系统，

46、这是一种“动态储存”，也是当今自动化仓库发展的一种明显的技术趋势。 以上所述的物流系统又是整个公司生产管理大系统（从订货、必要的设计和规划、筹划编制和生产安排、制造、装配、实验、发运等）的一种子系统，建立物流系统与公司大系统间的实时连接，是目前自动化高架仓库发展的另一种明显的技术趋势。 现代化公司对管理提出了更高的规定， “管理出效益”的思维方式已成为大多数的现代公司管理者的共识。 生产管理是公司管理的一种重要构成部分，重要涉及产品规划，生产组织，物流规划，外购外设，产品质量，成本测算等内容。自动化高架库系统作为生产过程的一种中心环节，几乎参与了生产管理的全过程。 1.2.3 加快货品的存取节

47、奏，减轻劳动强度，提高生产效率 建立以自动化立体仓库为中心的物流系统，其优越性还表目前自动化高架库具有的迅速的入出库能力，能迅速妥善地将货品存入高架库中（入库），也能迅速及时并自动地将生产所需零部件和原材料送达生产线。这一特点是一般平库所不能达到的。同步，自动化立体仓库的实现是减轻工人劳动强度的最典型的例子。这种劳动强度的减轻是综合的, 具体涉及: 1)采用自动巷道堆垛机取代人工寄存货品和人工取货，既快捷又省力。由于工人不必进入仓库内工作，工作环境大为改善。 2)采用计算机管理系统对货品进行管理，大大增强了货品的管理能力，使仓库管理科学化，精确性和可靠性有质的提高，入出库管理、盘库、报表等工作

48、量变得简朴快捷，工人的劳动强度大大减少。 3)立体库系统辅以库前辅助输送设备，使入出库变得简朴以便。 4)自动化立体库系统所需要的操作人员和系统维护人员很少，既节省了人力物力，节省了资金，又改善了工作环境，一举多得。 1.2.4 减少库存资金积压 通过对某些大型公司的调查理解，由于历史因素导致管理手段落后，物资管理零散，使生产管理和生产环节的紧密联系难以到位，为了达到预期的生产能力和满足生产规定，就必须准备充足的原材料和零部件。这样库存积压就成为一种较大的问题。如何减少库存资金积压和充足满足生产需要，已成为大型公司不得不面对的一种大问题。高架库系统是解决这一问题的最有效的手段之一。 1)以自动

49、化立库为中心的工厂物流系统，解决了生产各环节的流通问题和供求矛盾。使原材料的供应和零部件的生产数量和生产所需的数量可以达到一种最佳值。 2)计算机网络系统的建立使原材料和零部件外购件的采购更及时和满足实际需求。 3)计算机管理系统的建立加强了宏观调控功能，使生产中各环节生产量更能满足实际需求。 4)建立成品库和半成品库，以解决市场供需的临时的不一致，充足发挥公司的生产潜力。 1.2.5 现代化公司的标志 现代化公司采用的是集约化大规模生产模式。这就规定生产过程中各环节紧密相连，成为一种有机整体。规定生产管理科学实用。做到决策科学化。为此，建立自动化高架仓库系统是其有力的措施之一。 如前所述，自

50、动化物流系统在最大限度运用空间，最大限度地满足生产规定，减轻工人劳动强度，提高生产效率，加强生产和物资管理，减少库存积压资金等方面具有无可比拟的优势，这正是一种现代化公司所规定的和追求的。 由于采用计算机管理和网络技术，使公司领导宏观迅速地掌握多种物资信息和使工程技术人员、生产管理人员、生产技术人员及时理解库存信息以便合理安排生产工艺、提高生产效率成为也许。国际互联网（Internet）和公司内部网络（Intranet）更为公司获得与外界的在线联接、突破信息瓶颈、开阔视野、外引内联提供了广阔的空间和坚实强大的技术支持。 综观国内外的大型公司，自60年代始逐渐采用自动化物流系统以来，到今天已成为公司生产管理不可缺少的重要构成部分。据有关资料记录，日本目前已建成的自动化立体仓库(物流系统)已超过8,000座。建立自动化立体仓库系统已成为现代化公司的重要标志之一。