英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句

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1、英语中所有19种修辞手法的所有解释和例句 来源： 张震的日记 1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just wa

2、lked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一种与之有关的事物名称.I.以容器替代内容,例如:1.The kettle boils. 水开了.2

3、.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具替代事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者替代作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物替代抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,她们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分替代全体,或用全体替代部分,或特殊替代一般.例如:1.There are about 100 hands working in his fa

4、ctory.(部分代整体)她的厂里约有100名工人.2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)她是本世纪的牛顿.3.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。例如：欣赏建筑的反复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的反复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的

5、东西会联想到锋利的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又例如朱自清荷塘月色里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。例如:1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.2.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）品尝Mozart的音乐.6.Personification 拟人拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.例如:1.The night gently l

6、ays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）2.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）7.Hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法体现强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增长体现效果.例如:1.I beg a thousand pardons.2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3.When she heard the bad news, a river

7、of tears poured out.8.Parallelism 排比, 平行这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的构造大体相似或相似,意思有关,语调一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一种整体.例如:1.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.2.In the days when all these things are to be answered f

8、or, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的措施体现粗恶,避讳的话.例如:1.He is out visiting the necessary. 她出去

9、以便一下.2.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 她与妻子关系不融洽.3.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世多种现象的含义。英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an ext

10、ended metaphor 摘自英语专业大学英语教程一书这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为换个方式的说法.它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.例如:1.Make the hay while the sun shines. 表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草 真正意味：趁热打铁 2.Its time to turn plough into sword. 表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑11.Irony 反语反语指用相反意义的词来体现意思的作文方式.如在指责过错.错误时,用赞同过错的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.例如:1.It would be a fine thing in

11、deed not knowing what time it was in the morning. 早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应当明确早上的时间观念）2Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. the waiter said to the beggar.12.Pun 双关双关就是用一种词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的风趣.滑稽效果.它重要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式浮现.例如:1.She is too low for a high praise, t

12、oo brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3.If we dont hang together, we shall hang separately.13.Parody 仿拟这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.例如:1.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2.A friend in

13、 need is a friend to be avoided.3.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,获得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表达强烈否认,而否认问句表达强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.例如:1.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of n

14、ote?2.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞措施.例如:1.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2.You are staying; I am going.3.Give me liberty, or give me death.16.Paradox 隽语这是一种貌似矛盾,但涉及一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法.例如:1.More haste, less s

15、peed.欲速则不达2.The child is the father to the man.（童年时代可决定人之将来）三岁看大，四岁看老。17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特性形容一种事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.例如:1.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见2.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.18.Climax 渐进法,层进法这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高下等逐级渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语

16、势,逐渐加深读者印象.例如:1.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.2.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.19.Anticlimax 渐降法与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.例如:1.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.2.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.