名词性从句复习及考点归纳

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1、Find the clauses and tell the function of them.1.You know that my flat is opposite to this building.2.That my flat is opposite to this building is known to you all.3.It is known to you all that my flat is opposite to this building.4.The fact that my flat is opposite to this building is known to you

2、all.5.I am worried about whether you can find my flat.6.What I am worried about is whether you can find my flat.Object ClauseSubject ClauseSubject ClauseAppositive ClauseObject ClauseSubject ClausePredictive Clause 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中

3、能担任它在复合句中能担任主语主语、宾语宾语、表语表语、同位语同位语、介词宾语介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句从句和和同位语从句。同位语从句。引导名词性从句的引导名词性从句的连接词连接词可分为三类：可分为三类：连接连词：连接连词：连接代词：连接代词：连接副词：连接副词：that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分）不充当从句的任何成分）what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which，whicheverwhen,w

4、here,how,why,whenever,wherever1.1.引导主语从句的引导主语从句的连接词连接词可分为三类可分为三类：连接连词：连接连词：连接代词：连接代词：连接副词：连接副词：that,whether(不充当从句的任何成分）不充当从句的任何成分）what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whicheverwhen,where,how,why,whenever,wherevere.g.:Whether it is true remains a problem.That he will win is certain.Whose bag it

5、 is can not be told.Whatever he said was right.Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 oclock.Why he came here is not known.When well start will be told soon.2.主语从句注意点。主语从句注意点。(1)主语从句一律用陈述句语序主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前即主语在前,谓语在后谓语在后.e.g.:误误:When will he come is not known.(2)连接词连接词that在从句中无实际意义在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略但

6、不能省略.e.g.:误误:He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正正:When he will come is not known.正正:That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.(3)whether可以引导主语从句可以引导主语从句,但但if不能不能.e.g.:_his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if(4)whoev

7、er,whatever,whichever等词可以引导主语从句等词可以引导主语从句,但但 no matter who,no matter what 等不能等不能.e.g.:Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.试比较：试比较：Whoever breaks the schools rules,he must be punished.=No matter who breaks the school rules,he must be punished.让步状语从句让步状语从句(5)为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常

8、用经常用it作形式主语作形式主语,主语从句主语从句放在后面作真正的主语放在后面作真正的主语.It+be+形容词形容词(clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful)+that从句从句It+be+-ed分词分词(known/reported/thought/said/hoped)+that从句从句It+be+名词名词(a pity/a shame/an honor/a fact/a surprise)+that从句从句It+不及物动词不及物动词(seems/appears/happens/occurred to sb)+that从句从句1.1.宾语从句的连接词：宾语

9、从句的连接词：与主语从句相同与主语从句相同2.宾语从句注意点。宾语从句注意点。(1)宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序.(2)引导宾语从句的连词引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略多数情况下可以省略.(3)whether和和if都可以引导宾语从句都可以引导宾语从句 但但:(1)当当whether后紧跟后紧跟or not时时,不用不用if.e.g.:I dont know _or not I will stay.(2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.e.g.:I worry about _ I hurt her feeli

10、ng.whetherwhether(4)that在宾语从句中的省略与保留在宾语从句中的省略与保留1)在主在主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that从句从句(真正宾语真正宾语)的句型中的句型中不省略不省略.e.g.:We must make it clear that we mean what we say.2)由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中引导的宾语从句中,that 不省略不省略.e.g.:He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.1.1.表语从句的连接词：表语从句

11、的连接词：基本上与主语从句的连接词相同。连词除基本上与主语从句的连接词相同。连词除了了that,whether(不用不用if)外外,还可以用还可以用because。在连系动词。在连系动词seem,look之后还可用之后还可用as though(as if).e.g.:That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.The question was when the butcher was likely to come back from the town.The fact remains that a change in land o

12、wnership is needed in India.That is what he told us.It seems as if it is going to rain.2.表语从句注意点。表语从句注意点。(1)表语从句一律用陈述句的语序表语从句一律用陈述句的语序.(2)表语从句的引导词表语从句的引导词that无实际意义无实际意义,但不能省略但不能省略.(3)表语从句只能用表语从句只能用whether,而不能用而不能用if 引导引导.(4)不要使用不要使用 The reason is because 句型句型,应使用应使用 The reason is that 或或 This/it/tha

13、t/is because等句型等句型.e.g.:今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多今天早上他迟到的原因是因为路上行人太多.误误:The reason why he was late this morning is because there was a lot of traffic on the road.正正:The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road.或或:He was late this morning.That was because there was

14、 a lot of traffic on the road.1.同位语从句的引导词同位语从句的引导词:that2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别:如果如果that作从句中的某一成分作从句中的某一成分,则是定语从句则是定语从句;如果如果that不作从句中的任何成分不作从句中的任何成分,则是同位语从句则是同位语从句.e.g.:(1)I had no idea that it was so late.(同位语从句同位语从句)(2)I still remember the place that we visited last year.(定语从句定语从句)3.that引导的同位语

15、从句前面的名词常见的有引导的同位语从句前面的名词常见的有:idea,fact,news,belief,thought,doubt,suggestion,proof,message,order,conclusion,desire,theory,truth,word 等等.e.g.:The fact that he was killed made us surprised.I have no idea when he will be back.We heard the news that our team had won.1.The fact that Great Britain is made

16、up of three countries is still unknown to many._2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming._3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering._4.The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again._ 5.We expressed the hope that they w

17、ould come to China again._That I failed in the exam disappointed my parents.I dont think that she is right.The news that our team won the match inspired us.The reason is that he is careless.成成 分分有无词义有无词义备注备注that无无无无()主语主语,表语表语,同位语从句同位语从句不能不能省省1.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cur

18、e for AIDS will be found.(05广东卷)2.We doubt _ he will defeat the others.3.The problem is _ we have enough time.4.It doesnt matter _ you come or not5.It all depends on _the sky is going to clear up.A.if B.that C./D.whetherwhether/ifthatwhetherwhetherwhether是否是否无无1）that 与与whether 的区别的区别whether2）whether

19、 和和if 的区别的区别1)主语从句/表语从句/同位语从句/介词后用whether 2)Whether or not 连用;whether还可接不定式。That表确定表确定whether表不确定表不确定1._(What/That/whether)makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.(06辽宁)2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what3._made the s

20、chool proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What,whether B.What,that C.That,what D.That,becauseWhatwhat主主/宾宾/表表/定定有表表 的事的事;物物;话话;时间等不同概念时间等不同概念what与与 that 的区别的区别what 表什么（无选择范围）表什么（无选择范围）which表选择表选择,哪一个（哪一个（有选择范围有选择范围）1.-Do you know_ Mr.Blacks address is?-He m

21、ay live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.Im not sure of _.2.I read about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?（01北京春季）whatwhich请你归请你归纳：纳：No.18 or No.19some book or otherwhich There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy.(94)A.what B.which C.how

22、D.wheremany kinds of tape-recorders请你归请你归纳：纳：_等同类词等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而而 _等等只能引导让步状语从句。只能引导让步状语从句。whateverNo matter whatWhatever等等no matter what等等_ you go and_ you do,Ill be right here waiting for you.whereverwhateverNo matter whereno matter what把你需要的任何东西带走，别管我。Take _an

23、d leave me alone.违反法律的任何人应受到惩罚。_ should be punished.whatever you needWhoever breaks the law1.We heard the news_ our team had won the gold medal.2.Word came_ Napoleon was coming to inspect them.3.You have no idea _ excited I was at the news.4.They raised the question_ the work was worth doing.5.They

24、asked the question _ he was late for the meeting.6.There can be no doubt _he is qualified for the job.7.I wondered _ you were so angry.8.It all depends on _ they will support us.9.I cant imagine _made him act like that.10.Im delighted _I have passed the exam.11.I find it necessary _ we should do the

25、 homework.thatthathowwhetherwhythatwhy whether what that that12.I have no idea _he was absent again.13.The question_ should do the work needs consideration.14.I found it strange_ she had not finished it yet.15._we need is more practice.16.I remember _ this used to be a quiet village.17.He found the

26、island an excellent place for his experiments except_ the weather is hot.18._ does wrong is to answer for it in the end.whywhothatWhat thatwhenWhoever:what&that引导词引导词特征特征 whatthat引导引导从句从句 在从句在从句中的功中的功能能 实际实际意义意义 主语从句主语从句,表语从句表语从句,宾宾语从句语从句,同位语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句,表语从句，表语从句，宾语从句宾语从句,同位语从句同位语从句主语、表语、宾语主语、表语

27、、宾语 仅引导从句仅引导从句,不做从不做从句中任何成份句中任何成份 保留疑问（保留疑问（“什么什么”）的意义相当于的意义相当于all that或或the thing(s)that 无任何实际意义无任何实际意义选择选择:that/what1._ he wants is a book.2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true?6.We should pay attention to _ the tea

28、cher is saying.7.I have no doubt _ he will come.8.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhatwhether&if 主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及介词宾语从句都用主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及介词宾语从句都用whether 引导。引导。if 和和whether引导宾语从句，但是引导宾语从句，但是whether可以可以连用连用or not，if 不能；不能；whether可接在介词后面或不定式前面，可接在介词后面或不定式前面，而而if不能。不

29、能。1._ he will go or not is not clear.2.The question is _the TV play is worth watching.3.The news _our team has won the match is unknown.4.Im interested in _ hell come or not.5.I want to know _you have received my invitation.Whether whetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if名词性从句的语序问题名词性从句的语序问题名词性从句要用陈述语序，且从句的引

30、导词必须始终置于句首名词性从句要用陈述语序，且从句的引导词必须始终置于句首 1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.(92)A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.(96上海)A.how they were excited B.how excited

31、 they wereC.how excited were they D.they were how excited 名词性从句的主谓一致和时态问题名词性从句的主谓一致和时态问题 1.主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。e.g.:When the meeting will begin _(not be)decided yet.When they will start and where they go _(not be)decided yet.When an

32、d where the meeting will begin _(not be)decided.has not beenhave not beenhas not been2.宾语从句的时态与句子的主干部分保持一致。但如果从句表从句表示示客观事实，格言，谚语客观事实，格言，谚语等，应用一般现在时。e.g.:Our physics teacher once told us that light _(travel)faster than sound.travels3.What 作主语，谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。作主语，谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。e.g.:What he bought yester

33、day _(be)coffee.What he bought yesterday _(be)three bags.What we need now_(be)more books.What we need now _(be)more practice.waswereareis 动词doubt如用于肯定句,其后的宾语从句常用if/whether引导,如用于否疑句,则宾语从句用that引导。I doubt _our football team will win the match.I dont doubt _ I can defeat him in the concert.doubtif/wheth

34、erthat 当主句是I/We think(suppose,expect,believe,guess,imagine)时,其后的宾语从句若是否定形式,常把否定词not从从句中转到主句中,成为否定转移。e.g.:We dont believe that he will win the game.若谓语动词为若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。I hope you werent ill.我想你没有生病吧。在 hope,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,think,expect,tell,say,fear 以及 be afraid

35、等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事)。e.g.:-Is he going to study abroad?他打算去留学吗？-I believe so./I believe not.或 I dont believe so.但不说 I dont hope/guess/fear so,也不说Im not afraid so.而只能用I hope/guess/fear not.1.(08山东,23)_ was most important to her was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As2.(09北京,31)At first he hat

36、ed the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _it got any better.A.when B.how C.why D.if3.(06全国I,23）See the flags on top of the building?That was _ we did this morning.A.when B.which C.where D.what4.(09浙江,12）Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?-No problem.

37、A.when B.that C.whether D.what5.(05山东,26)The shopkeeper didnt want to sell for_ he thought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which6.(06全国I,16)-What did your parents think about your decision?-They always let me do _I think I should.A.when B.that C.how D.what 7.(08浙江)_ want to stay in a hotel has

38、 to pay their own way.A.Anyone B.The one C.Whoever D.Who8.(06,浙江)_is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It 9.(09江西,33)The fact has worried many scientists_ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which

39、 C.though D.that 10.(09辽宁,29）Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A.that B.what C.as D.which11.(09四川8)News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where12.(09天津9)It is obvious to the students _ they should get well

40、 prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.that13.(06上海)One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A.how B.why C.that D.when14.(上海01年春季）What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon A.when B.how C whether D.why

41、 15.(06江苏)We havent settled the question of_ it is necessary for him to study abroad A if B where C whether D that 16.(96 NMET)_well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where17.(00NMET)_she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson

42、s.A.That;what B.What;why C.What;because D.Why;that18.(09湖南)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever19.(09海南)Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever20.(96 NMET)_ we can

43、t get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what21.(07 全国卷II)_ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which22.(08天津卷)The last time we had great fun was _we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.how C.when D.why 23.(NMET 1995)is a

44、fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It24.(NMET 1999)-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where25.(NMET 2001春)I read about it in some book or other,does it matter it was?A.where B.what

45、 C.how D.which26.(NMET 1997)Its generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever27.(上海2002)Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _it takes to do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why28.(NMET 2002)Meeting my uncle after all these years

46、was an unforgettable moment,I will always treasure.A.that B.one C.it D.what29.(上海2002)Theres a feeling in me well never know what a UFO is-not ever.A.that B.which C.of which D.what30.(上海2003)There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need .A.that,to be improved

47、 B.which,to be improvedC.where,improving D.when,improving31.(2004全国卷I)You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is _ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how32.(2005浙江卷)Daniel left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A.who B.that C.as D.which33.(04天津卷)A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.where Thank you