2022年英语四级图表+图画作文讲解及参考范文

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1、1 英语四级图表和图画作文讲解及参考范文一、图表作文图表作文也是四(六)级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息(通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等)转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。第一节 图表作文的出题形式和写作要领一、图表作文常见出题形式图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。图表作文着重说明事实，

2、常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂 图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。二、图表作文的写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1)认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;2)确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;3)编列文章的提纲;4)根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之

3、间的衔接与过渡;5)检查与修改。精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 1 页，共 19 页2 三、图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的陈述方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的方法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想总趋势+极端值+特点，时态第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议模板一 总的趋势 图表具体描述剖析图表所揭示的含义理由一 理由二理由三 理由四总结 前景预测As can be seen from the table

4、,the past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in_.While _.It is obvious from the table that_.What contributed to these changes?I think the reasons are as follows.To start with,_.Secondly,_.What s more,_.Last but not lease,_.In conclusion,_.Moreover,_.模板二描述图表分三方面解释原因下结论1)During the period from _to

5、_,_rose from _to _,while _ decreased from _ to _.2)We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.First,_.Second,_.Third,_.3)_.We are happy to see that things are becoming better and better nowadays.We can imagine that _.模板三描述图表解释图表补充解释1)During the period between _ and _,_ declined ab

6、ruptly from _ to _,while _ increased sharply from _ to _.精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 2 页，共 19 页3 2)Several reasons can account for this phenomenon.Compared with _ is much cheaper and more convenient_.Apart from that,_.3)However,there are still a number of people who _,generally for two reasons.On the one hand,

7、_.On the other hand,_.1.图表类型：table 表格;chart 图表;diagram 图表或图解，示意图;graph 图表,曲线图;column/bar chart 柱状图;pie graph 饼图2.描述：show;describe;illustrate;can be seen from;clear;apparent;reveal 显示;represent 表现,描绘3.内容：figure 数字;statistic 统计值;statistics 用作复 统计,统计数字 资料,统计表 number;percentage;proportion 表示数据上升：increas

8、e,rise,ascend,core,surge,go up,climb,mount,level up 下降:decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,level,down 平稳:stable,steady,remain steady/stable;/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to;little/hardly any/no change 波动:fluctuate,fluctuation,rise and falls,up and down 占:occupy，take up，account f

9、or,gain 而:while,however,whereas,on the other hand,actually/in fact 相比:by contract,on the contrary,likewise,compared with 最高点:the highest,the top,the summit,the peak,the most 最低点:bottom,less,least,rock bottom最低点例句 Prices have hit rock bottom.价格已达最低水平平均:mean 平均值,average 趋势:tendency,trend,inclination 预

10、见:prediction 到达顶峰:mount to 精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 3 页，共 19 页4 比例：20 per cent,20%one in three,1/3 one out of every four，1/4 有一个稳定的过程:a stable period can be seen 表示变化程度的词：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply 明显的，急剧的

11、steep/steeply 急剧升降的steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地stable/stably 稳定的表示范围：fromto between and for to 多长时间直到表示程度：almost adv.几乎，差不多nearly adv.几乎，密切地approximately adv.近似的，大约just over 刚超过exactly adv.正确地，严密地precisely adv.正好精确地；清晰地 常用词和短语significa

12、nt changes 图中一些较大变化noticeable trend 明显趋势精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 4 页，共 19 页5 during the same period 在同一时期grow/grew 增长distribute 分布，区别unequally 不相等地pronounced 明显的average 平均no doubt 无疑地corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的represent vt.阐述，表现overall 体上讲except 除外in the case of adv.在的情况下in contrast 相反，大不相同in conclusion adv.最

13、后，总之in comparison 相比之下inversely adv.相反地，倒转地in general 通常，大体上，一般而言rang from to 从到不等excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外lower v.降低，跌落elapse vi.时间过去，消逝category n.种类government policy 政府政策market forces 市场规律measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见四、图表作文常用的句型精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 5 页，共 19 页6(1)常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法)Accor

14、ding to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph,we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph reveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/points out)that 该表/图说明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown(illustrated/indicated)in the pie chart 如表/图所示，(2

15、)描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in;then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)d

16、rop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in 1998/compared with that of last year).来看一篇范文：From the graph,we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated during the year of 1990.The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend.The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June

17、.From June on,the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August.After August the rate began to decline remarkably,and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year.Therefore,it s obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.主题句/概述表格反映的内容(5)反映交通事故的变化情况(

18、6)小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 6 页，共 19 页7 There are several reasons for the decline.First,a new traffic law was made and came into force.It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned.As a result,the highest rate in August,when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient a

19、nd easily lead to car accidents,dropped steadily.Second,new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened,which quickened the flow of traffic.Finally,the city administration made great efforts to heighten people s awareness of observing traffic rules.主题句 原因/措施一 解释措施一/次要辅助 采取措施一后的结果原因/措施二 原因/

20、措施三 With all these new measures,Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.总结：展望未来的情况第二节 图表作文样题与样文举例样题一：Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How People Spend Their Holidays.You should write at least 120 words,and b

21、ase your composition on the table and the outline given below:1、根据上表，简要描述 1990 年、1995 年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况及其变化；2、请说明发生这些变化的原因；3、得出结论。精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 7 页，共 19 页8 How People Spend Their Holidays As is clearly shown in the table that there was a dramatic change in the way people spent their holidays be

22、tween 1990 and 2000.Especially,in 1990,63%of people spent their holidays at home,while the figure decreased considerably to 24%in 2000.There are three reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with,with the development of market-oriented economy,people earn by far more money than they used to,making it p

23、ossible for them to afford traveling expenses.In addition,people realize the importance of getting well-informed about the outside world in this modern era to develop their potential.For example,a traveler may encounter or talk with someone of a different cultural background so as to broaden his vis

24、ion.Last but not least,by traveling outside,people are close to nature,which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind.In short,more and more people take the occasion of holiday to travel outside and relax themselves.As far as I am concerned,I prefer to go traveling instead of st

25、aying at home during holidays.On the one hand,I love meeting different people and take in some fresh ideas.On the other hand,it is agreed that the world is becoming a global village.No one could confine himself within his small circle of families or relatives.In brief,I have benefited a lot and will

26、 benefit more from traveling during the holidays.点评：该篇作文属图表作文，命题思路与四级真题图表作文一致，仿真度高。本预测题关于人们旅游度假方式的变化，也是社会热点话题，2006 年 1 月就考过名校校园该不该成为旅游景点话题；2004年 6 月也是关于旅游景点的介绍。样题二：精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 8 页，共 19 页9 The Pursuit of A Masters Degreea.根据以下图描述某校毕业生毕业意向的变化b.分析选择读研的毕业生数目增加的原因c.说明选择读研对个人和社会产生的影响It is illustrated

27、 in the pie charts that graduates choices after graduation have experienced much change.The number of students choosing to pursue a master s degree and study abroad grows several times over the decade.The reasons of the increasing number ofstudents pursuing a masters degree are as follows.First,with

28、 the number of college graduates growing each year,the situation in the job market is getting tighter and tighter.The public awareness of the situation has created a surge of interest in seeking a masters degree.Secondly,many cross-national companies set a much higher standard for new recruits than

29、ever.It seems that the higher education you have,the higher salary you may receive.Choosing to study for masters degree will benefit the individuals and the whole society as well.The quality of Chinese intellectuals will be considerably enhanced,which in turn will boost the progress of the whole soc

30、iety.精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 9 页，共 19 页10 样题三：Direction:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:Cell Phones.You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1.描述上图所示的用户数的变化情况2.出现这种情况的原因3.对此现象作出评价Cell Phones As is shown in the chart,

31、cell phones are becoming increasingly popular within China.In 1999,the number of cell phones in use was only 2 million,but in 2002,the number reaches 5 million.And in the year 2005,the number has suddenly soared to 9 million.There are many factors contributing to this development.Firstly,a cell phon

32、e has no wires and can be carried everywhere easily.Secondly,a cell phone is something wonderful that we can have fun with news,games,music and chat through sending 精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 10 页，共 19 页11 short messages.Thirdly,the drop in price and the simultaneous improvement in the functions have made it

33、possible for an average person to make use of cell phone.The wide use of cell phones has make them more and more indispensable in people s daily life.The many functions of the cell phone have made certain people reluctant to separate themselves from their cell phone.点评：随着我国经济的快速发展，人民的生活水平不断改善，通讯业的日新

34、月异的发展，使得使用普及化，成为人们日常生活的必需品，对此的利弊人们看法各异。本预测题为热点话题，同样是年轻人较熟悉和经常讨论的话题，值得关注。样题四：Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Blog.You should write at least 120 words based on the chart and outline given below:以下图是 2007 年 1-10 月中国博客服务人均月度有效浏览时间及增长率，描述变化，说明原因。精选学习资料

35、-名师归纳总结-第 11 页，共 19 页12 Blog This histogram 柱状图；直方图 shows the number of people using blog services from January to October in 2007.From it we can see that the number of users increased monthly from January to August,except February.After two peak months,July and August,the number dropped slightly in

36、 September,while in October it picked up again.Possible reasons for these changes are first,in February Chinese people celebrated the most important festivalChinese New Year.This means more people spent more time with their families and friends,and therefore they didnt have as much time for surfing

37、online.Secondly,college students are the main users of blog 精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 12 页，共 19 页13 services.While in July and August，they had summer holidays,which enabled them to have more spare time reading and writing blogs.Thirdly,with improvements of blog services and the influence of some“star blogger

38、s”,most of whom are celebrities,blogs are becoming an important way for people to express themselves and communicate with others.So more and more people are starting to use these services,which help explain the overall increase shown here.点评：这是一篇图表题。可以看出，整体呈增长趋势。但是，二月和九月有所下降。所以，分析的时候要照顾各个方面。样题五For t

39、his part,you are required to write a composition about 120 words on the topic:Changes in Peoples Daily Expenses.Your composition should be written on the following table and Chinese given below.1.描述图表中人们每天开支变化情况2.请说明发生这些变化的原因3.结合图表对未来作出合理的预测Changes in Peoples Daily Expenses.精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 13 页，共 1

40、9 页14 What is shown in the table above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the peoples daily expenses from 1995 to 1999.The expenses on food have declined by 30%while those on clothing and recreation have increased respectively by 9%and 7%.The statistics of rise and fall seem to exis

41、t in isolation but closely related to one another.There are two factors accounting for these changes.Development in economy is an essential one in the five years.The increased income resulting from economic growth plays an important part in the less expense on food.Hence,a small percentage of total

42、income is enough to cover food expense.Another one is the changes in life style.When food presents no worry to the average,people begin to focus more of interest on handsome appearance and happy leisure time.As a result of such a shift,spending on clothing and recreation increases year after year.Fr

43、om the analyses made above,we may come to the conclusion that people s living standards have been constantly improved between 1995 and 1999.With the further growth in economy and more changes in life style,the tendency indicated in the table will continue in the better direction.点评：该预测题属于图表作文写作，与社会生

44、活密切相关，与1991 年 6 月份四级考试人们饮食结构的变化图表作文写作类似。根据四级图表作文命题规律，第一段描述人们 1995 到 1999 年日常开支所发生的巨大变化；第二段分析产生变化的原因；最后一段依据图表所示变化作出了合乎逻辑的预测。文章紧扣主题，条理清楚，语言连贯，表述准确标准，结论合理。样题六Changes in the Ownership of Houses(2003.6)精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 14 页，共 19 页15 要求：1、根据上图描述该市住房产权的变化；2、分析产生这些变化的原因；3、说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。Changes in the Ow

45、nership of HousesAs is shown in the chart,great changes have taken place in the ownership of houses in the city.There has been a steady decline in the percentage of state-owned houses from 75 in 1990 to 20 in 2000.On the contrary,the percentage of private houses has been on the rise.Several factors

46、may account for the trend.For one thing,owing to the policy of reform and opening to the outside world,the past decade witnessed significant improvement in peoples standard of living.In other words,they have had the means to purchase houses of their own.For another,peoples ideas about consumption ha

47、ve undergone some radical changes.In the past,they were reluctant to spend,but now they are willing to buy.Anyway,it is much more comfortable to dwell in a house of ones own.These changes in the ownership have already had a positive effect on both individuals and society.Individuals,young people in

48、particular,will be motivated to 精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 15 页，共 19 页16 work harder to purchase a nest of their own.As a result,the housing industry will be boosted and more revenues will be raised to cover other sectors of our national economy.二、图画作文1.描述漫画：As is vividly depicted in the cartoon given above,w

49、e can observe that或 As is vividly shown in the picture,we can see that或 As we can see from the picture,2.描述漫画本质/内涵Apparently,the picture reflects/reveals that 或 The cartoon informs us o f the phenomenon that3.出现的问题或现象的原因：We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.First,_.Second,_.

50、Third,_.或 What contributed to these changes?I think the reasons are as follows.To start with,_.Secondly,_.Whats more,_.Last but not least,_.Reasons for are in abundance.或 The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows.Firstly,_.Secondly,_.Thirdly,_.或 Thereareatleasttwogoodreasons accounting for _.On

51、 theonehand,_.Ontheotherhand,_ isduetothefactthat _.4.提出措施/建议：Therefore,immediate measures should be taken to.To begin with,.What s more,.Last but not least,精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 16 页，共 19 页17 或 It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop.或It is necessary that steps should be taken to.或To sol

52、ve the above-mentioned problem,we must.5.收尾段：From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that.或 In conclusion,it is imperative that.或 In summary,if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue,more problems will crop up.或 With the efforts of all parts concerned,the problem will

53、be solved thoroughly.或 We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to.或 Taking all these into account,we.或 Whether it is good or not/positive or negative,one thing is certain/clear.或Given all the above factors,it is safe to reach the conclusion that 或Taking into account

54、all the above factors,it is reasonable to reach the conclusion that 大学生活：树立目标长远规划精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 17 页，共 19 页18 Directions:Study the following set of cartoons carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the cartoons,2)state its main idea,and give your comment.范文：As can be seen from t

55、he cartoons,different students may have different ways on how to spend their college days:a boy student indulges himself in computer games,wasting money and time;while a girl student buries herself in a large pile of books,striving to get prepared for the future.After the fierce competition in the e

56、ntrance examination,some students may have the illusion that they are secure at last in college.Therefore they do not concentrate on their studies and waste money and time.Needless to say,we all have the right to choose our own way of life.However,college students should define and realize their goa

57、ls.Time in college is one of the most important periods in our life when we can further prepare ourselves academically for a successful future;therefore we should make the most of it when we have this opportunity.Setting goals is an active way of living.Generally speaking,people are better motivated

58、 when they want to attain the goal they set for themselves and have a sense of fulfillment when they succeed.This is true for college students as well.Success requires both setting goals and working hard.Setting goals for our time in college will ensure our chances of success at a time when we should challenge and exert ourselves.精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 18 页，共 19 页19 精选学习资料 -名师归纳总结-第 19 页，共 19 页