中英文文献翻译-中国东北地区农业机械化发展研究

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1、附录 1The reseach on agricultural mechanization development in northeast ChinaThe Northeast of China, which includes the provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang, as an old industrial base and grain production base, the comprehensive agricultural productivity and agricultural mechanization level

2、 of the areas are listed in the forefront of China. However, compared with the developed countries, the overall level is still in the early stage of intermediate in agricultural mechanization. Therefore, it is urgent to promote agricultural mechanization actively, to consolidate and strengthen the f

3、oundational position of agriculture, to realize agricultural modernization, to break the san nong questions of northeast. This paper studies the developed countries for the purposes that is to learn the advanced experience of the development of agricultural mechanization, making full use of northeas

4、t favorable geographic conditions, according to the northeast of the actual situation of agricultural mechanization development and application of system analysis and system engineering methods to make the in-depth study of agricultural mechanization development in northeast of China , in order to p

5、ut forward short-term goals (2010) and interim target (2020), provides more guidance value basis for decision-making for a specific set of agricultural mechanization development planning in northeast China .In this background of the topic selection,the first chapter function as a introduction to exp

6、lain the purpose and significance. According to reliable information and documents in abroad and home ,combining the features of agricultural mechanization in the northeast China, this chapter also introduce the domestic and foreign agricultural mechanization technology research and development in d

7、etail, so present finally the papers research contents, the research methods, the technical route. In the second chapter, the author discusses the influence elements of northeast China agricultural mechanization development.Through using the method of DEMATEL system analysis,the writer made a carefu

8、l analysis and explanation to the development of agricultural mechanization of influencing factors in the northeast China. And pointed out the leading factors of influence agricultural mechanization development in northeast, such as the per capita net income of farmers, the arable land scale of oper

9、ation and the transfer of rural surplus labor in the rural areas and peasants socialization service level, the overall education level, the development level of non-agricultural industries of the area and the development level of agricultural machinery industry. Generally speaking, there are five ma

10、jor factors.Therefore, the author proposes that at the same time farmers income has increased in the process of agricultural mechanization in the northeast of China, the government should also enlarge capital investment and subsidies to agricultural machinery, so to improve effectively and to guide

11、in a wide range the aided mechanism of agricultural machinery, promptly to overcome these difficulties caused by farmers too low per capita income to buy agricultural equipment .In addition, in the northeastern area, government should focus on the innovation of the system of labor force transfer and

12、 the rights of land property in order to increase in the efficiency of agricultural machinery and to operate agricultural farming in a moderate scale. From the perspective of technology proliferation of farm machinery, the service system of agricultural machinery in the northeast region should be im

13、proved; the level of agricultural machinery operating services should also continuously be improved to make sure that the realization of the development of agricultural mechanization goes smoothly.For the farmers are the main subject in agricultural machinery operation, a new educational system of a

14、gricultural mechanization should be built to improve the quality of farmers, to realize a continuous education for the agricultural machinery staff, and to educate high-quality agricultural machinery professionals, thereby strengthening the concept of mechanized farming, and to provide a safe source

15、 of human security in agricultural mechanization.In the third chapter, the author offers a comprehensive evaluation for the level of development agricultural mechanization in the northeast In this part, a new evaluation index system has been set up to evaluate the development level of agricultural m

16、echanization; by means of fuzzy clustering method; the author gave a more scientific definition for the development of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China, and gave a comprehensive evaluation for the development of agricultural mechanization nationally, therefore gave a more sc

17、ientific judgment for the objective level of the development of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China.The conclusion arrived at is that the overall level of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area has been on the intermediate stage, but it is the early stages of it.By me

18、ans of comparative analysis, the author arrived at a conclusion that the level of technology in agriculture mechanization in Heilongjiang province is relatively high, compared with Jilin and Liaoning provinces, which ranked second.By means of analyzing the information available from DEA projection,

19、the information about the development of innovation of agricultural mechanization in Jilin, Liaoning and Heilongjiang Province can be obtained, which in turn provides theoretical basis and support for plan-making such as the development of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China. I

20、n chapter four, the author focuses on forecasting the development of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China, and researches on strategic objectives.By using regression analysis, gray system of mathematical tools etc, the author conducted a quantitative forecast concerning indicato

21、rs such as the level of agricultural mechanization equipment in the northeast area, the operating level of agricultural mechanization and the net income of farmers per capita and agricultural productivity, which, to some extent, revealed the development trend in the northeast agricultural mechanizat

22、ion.On the basis of such research, the author proposed objectively the short-term objectives (2010) and the medium-term objectives (2020) for the development of Agricultural Mechanization in the northeast area of China, therefore provides more valuable suggestions for the decision-making plans for t

23、he development of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China .The development objectives and the policy suggestions about agricultural Mechanization in the northeast area of China are presented in the fifth chapter. With considering of the various aspects such as government, enterpris

24、es, farmers and organizations of different social service, and with combination of the regional feathers of agricultural mechanization in the northeast area of China, the author put forward some relevant strategies and measures to improve agricultural mechanization in the Northeast area of China. Th

25、erefore it is possible to provide theoretical and policy grounds for all levels of governments and administrative departments, especially for the current concrete development conditions of agricultural mechanization in Changchun City; the author proposed specifically“Suggestions on how to accelerate

26、 the development of agricultural mechanization in Changchun city, which received affirmative responses from Changchun agriculture City Committee.附录 2中国东北地区农业机械化发展研究 东北地区(辽宁、吉林、黑龙江)作为我国重要的老工业基地和粮食生产基地,其农业综合生产力水平和农业机械化水平处于全国前列,但是与发达国家相比,整体水平仍处于农业机械化中级阶段的起步阶段。因此,积极推进农业机械化,是在新的历史条件下巩固和加强农业基础地位、实现农业现代化,破

27、解东北地区“三农”问题的必然要求。本论文的研究目的是借鉴发达国家农业机械化发展的先进经验,充分利用东北地区优越的区位条件,根据东北地区农业机械化发展的实际情况,应用系统分析与系统工程方法对东北地区农业机械化发展问题进行深入研究,以期提出东北地区农业机械化发展的近期目标(2010年)和中期目标(2020 年),为具体制定东北地区农业机械化发展规划提供了更具指导价值的决策依据。在这种主题选择的背景下, 第一章作为介绍对本文的目的和意义进行了说明。根据可靠的国内外文件信息, 组合着东北地区农业机械化的特点，本章还对国内外农业机械化技术的发展和研究给出了详细的介绍，据此最终呈现出本文的研究内容、研究方

28、法、技术路线。在第二章中,作者探讨了影响中国东北农业机械化发展的因素。 通过采用 DEMATEL这种系统分析的方法,作者对中国东北地区农业机械化的发展的影响因素,作了仔细的分析和说明。并指出了影响东北农业机械化发展的主导因素 ,如农民的人均收入、可耕地的经营规模,农村剩余劳动力的转移、农村地区的社会化服务水平、农民的总体教育水平、这个区域的非农产业的发展水平和农业机械工业的发展水平。总的来说,有 5个主要因素。因此,作者提出, 在东北地区农民收入在农业机械化进程中有所增加的同时,政府还应加大资金投入农业机械和补贴,从而有效的指导和广泛的提高农业机械资助机制,来及时克服这些由于农民人均收入太低而

29、无法购买农业设备而造成的困难。此外,在中国东北地区,政府应在劳动力转移和土地所有权的权利上着重体系创新,来提高农业机械化的效率、以适量规模来经营农业耕作。从农业机械化的技术扩散这个角度来说，东北地区的农业机械化服务体系应当提高,农业机械化操作服务也应不断得到改善,确保实现农业机械化的发展很顺利得进行。由于农民是农业机械操作的主体,因此应当建立一种新的农业机械化教育体系来提高农民素质,实现农业机械化员工的持续性教育,培养高素质的农业机械化技术人员,从而巩固农业机械化的概念,并为人类在农业机械化中的安全提供一种可靠的保障。在第三章中,作者对东北地区的农业机械化发展水平提供了一个综合性的评价。在这部

30、分中,为评价农业机械化发展水平，应当建立了一个新的评价指标体系。采用模糊聚类分析方法,作者为中国东北地区的农业机械化发展提出了一个更为科学的定义,并对农业机械化的全面发展给出一个综合评价,因而给东北地区的农业机械化客观发展水平做出了更科学的判断。这个结论是, 东北地区的农业机械化整体水平仍处于农业机械化中级阶段的起步阶段。通过对比分析,作者得出结论:黑龙江省的农业机械化技术水平相对较高,与之相比,吉林、辽宁两省名列第二。对从 DEA反映出来的信息进行分析，可以获得农业机械化在吉林、辽宁、黑龙江三省创新发展的信息,这些信息反过来为农业机械化规划提供了理论依据和支持，例如东北地区的农业机械化发展。

31、在第 4章,作者重点放在预测东北地区农业机械化的发展和研究它的战略目标。作者通过回归分析、数学灰色系统工具等,对有关指标进行了定量预测，如东北地区农业机械化的设备水平,操作农业机械水平、农民的人均纯收入和农业生产率,这在某种程度上,揭示了东北地区的农业机械化发展趋势。在此类研究的基础上, 为中国农业机械化的发展客观的提出了短期目标(2010 年)和中期目标(2020年),对东北地区的农业机械化决策规划提供了更有价值的建议。第五章介绍了中国东北农业机械化发展目标和政策建议。综合考虑各方面，诸如政府、企业、农民和不同社会服务的组织,结合东北区域农业机械化的特点,作者提出了相应的对策和措施,以促进中国东北地区的农业机械化发展。所以可以为各级政府和有关行政部门提供理论和政策依据,尤其是对长春市农业机械化当前的具体发展状况。作者对如何加快长春市的农业机械化发展提出了具体建议，并得到长春市农业市政委员会的肯定。