2020-2021年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(B级)试题及答案

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1、欢迎下载职称英语考试综合类B级试题及参考答案第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。1. There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.A. point B. tendency C. result d. finding2. New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.a. amazing b. depressing c. pre

2、dictable d. dull3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situatio n.a. furnish b. copy c. publish d summarize4. The group does not advocate the use of violence.a. limit b. regulate c. oppose d. support5. The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicate.a. reproduced b. invente

3、d c. designed d. reported6. The department deferred the decision for six monthsa. put off b. arrived at c. abided by d. protested against7. The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.a. eased b. appeared c. improved d. relieved8. The uniform makes the guards look absurd.a. seri

4、ous b. ridiculous c. beautiful d. impressive9. Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutesa. silent b motionless c. seated d true10. The country was torn apart by strife.a. poverty b. war c. conflict d. economy11. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day

5、a. act b. homework c. justice d model12. A person7 s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness a. equal b. certain c. Iarge d. opposite13. His professional career spanned 16 daysa. started b. changed c. moved d. lasted14. His stomach felt hollow with fear.a. sincere b. respectful c. t

6、errible d. empty15. This was disaster on a cosmic scalea. modest b. huge c. commercial d. national参考答案：bdada abbbc adddb第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列岀了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做岀判断;如 果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如 果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。"Wanna buy a body?" That was the opening line of more

7、than a few phone calls I got from self-employed photographers when I was a photo editor at U.S. News. Like many in the mainstream pressz I wan ted to separate the world of photographers into ”them； who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and nus' the serio

8、us news people. But after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable.Working in the reputable world of journalism/1 told photographers to cover other people's difficult life situations. I justified marching into moments of sadnes® under the ap

9、pearance of the reader's right to know. I worked with professionals talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines And I wasn't alone.In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photog

10、raphers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries But you are likely to see local newspaper and television photographers on the seene -and fast.How can we justify doing this? Journalists are taught to separate, doing the job from worrying about the con sequences of publish

11、i ng what they record Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business saying: Leave your conscienee in the office, A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead Your job is to record the image （图象）.YoiTre a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the

12、 sceneBut catastrophic events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. They rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject. Often, an

13、agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major magazines. The most sought-after special pictures command tens of thousands of dollars through bidding con tests.I worked on all those stories and many like them When they happen, you move quickly

14、: buying, dealing, trying to beat the agencies to the pictures.Now, many people believe journalists are the hypocrites（伪君子）who need to be brought down, and it's our pictures that most anger others. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between clear-minded "us"

15、 and mean-spirited "them1'. In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right.16. The writer never got an offer for a photograph of a dead person.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. The writer was a photographer sixteen years ago.A. Right B

16、. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. The writer believes that shooting people7 s nightmares is justifiable.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. News photographers are usually a problem for secure workers at an accidentA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Joumalists arerf t supposed to think about whether t

17、hey are doing the right thingA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Editors sometimes have to pay a lot of money for exclusive pictures.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. Many people say that they are annoyed by the US News pictures.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned参考答案：BBACBAA第3部分：槪括大意和完成句子(第23

18、30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23 26题要求从所给的6个选项中 为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为 每个句子确定一个最佳选项。The Storyteller1. Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen And that' s what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist

19、and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and，later; Arizona. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.2. Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are

20、 the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result of the difficult years leading up to his pare nt' s 1966 divorce, "It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life." "He was scared of just about everyth!ng," recalls

21、his mother; Leah Adler. "When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed And that s just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist/13. Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad' s movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying sa

22、ucers and World War II battles. Spielberg' s talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention. "Steven would start telling his ghost stories/' says Richard Y. Hoffman Jr.f leader of Troop 294z

23、 "and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it"4. Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected himz so he entered California State University

24、at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood. Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he man aged to get an unpaid non-credit internship（实习）in Hollywood. Soon he was given a con tract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling sto

25、ries with as much passion as the kid in the tent. Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs"The process for me is mostly intuitive （凭直觉的）he says."There are films that I feel I need to makef for a variety of reasons； for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that th

26、e subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel（续集）to Jurassic Park."23. Paragraph 1_F_24. Paragraph 2_A25. Paragraph 3E26. Paragraph 4DA. Inspirations for his moviesB. The trouble of making moviesC. A fun

27、ny manD. Getting into the movie businessE. Telling stories to make friendsF. An aim of life27. Some of Spielberg1 s most successful movies came fromE28. When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared ofA29. Spielberg is very good atB30. Spielberg says he makes movies forCA. almost everythingB. telli

28、ng scary storiesC. a number of reasonsD. making children laughE. his childhood memoriesF. a lot of money第4部分：阅读理解（第345题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。第一篇 The National TrustThe National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment o

29、f the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich Government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It

30、is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public'. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.The atte ntion of the public was first draw n to the dan gers threatening the great old houses and castle

31、s of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust's "Country House Scheme" Under this scheme, with the help of the Gov

32、ernment and the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses2. Last year about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.In addition to country ho

33、uses and open spaces the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop 'or

34、 disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public ha

35、s free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historic

36、al sign ifica nee not only for future gen erations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage（出处：职称英语教材综合类阅读判断第十四篇）31. The national trust is aA. government agency depending on voluntary service.B. non-profit organ

37、ization depending on voluntary serviceC government department but is not richD. private organization supported by the government32. The National Trust is dedicated toA. preserving the best public enjoymentB. providing the public with free access to historic buildingsC. offering better services to vi

38、sitors home and abroadD. protecting tho unspoiled countryside and historic buildings/ n/33. We can infer from paragraph 2 that Lord LothionA. donated all his money to the TrustB. started the Country House SchemeC. saved many old country houses in BritainD. was influential in his time34 All the follo

39、wing can be inferred from the passage exceptA. the trust more interested in protecting the 16 century housesB. many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the TrustC. visitors can yet free access tu some places owned by the TrustD. the Trust has a history which is Ion ger than 80 years 35

40、. The word "invade" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA. come in without permissionB. enter with invitationC. visit in large numberD. appear 3'l of a sudden第 2 篇 How we form first impressionWe all have first impression of some one we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion ab

41、out someone without really knowing anything about him or her - aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traitsThe answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor differenee in a how a perso

42、n' s eyesz earsf nose; or mouth are placed in relation to each other make you see him or her as different. In fact； your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information the sights and sounds of your world Theses in coming "sig nals" are compared against a host of "memori

43、es" stored in the brain areas called the cortex （大月囱皮层）system to determine what these new signals/ 亠 mean If you see some one you know and like at school, your brain says "familiar and safe""If you see someone new, it says, "newpotentially threatening" Then your brain s

44、tarts to match features of this stranger with other "known" memories. The height weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures and tone of voice are all matched up.The more unfamiliar the characteristics, the more your brain may sayf"This is new. I don' t like this person." Or else, &qu

45、ot;I am intrigued/ Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures -like your other friends; so your brain says: "I like this person." But theses preliminary "impressions" can be dead wrongWhen we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thi

46、nking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impress!ons of others Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people 一 their history, interest values, strengths and true character 一 we categorize them as jocks, geeksf or freaks.However, i

47、f we resist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the persorf s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking一and the most complex ar

48、eas of our cortex, which allow us to be humane.36. Our first impression of some one new is influenced by his or herA. past experienceB. characterC. facial featuresD. hobbies37. If you meet a stranger with familiar gestures, your brain is mostlylikely to sayA. "He is familiar and safe"B&quo

49、t;He is new and potentially threaten!ng"C. "I like this person"D. "This is new I don't like this person"38. The word "preliminary" meansA. simplisticB. stereotypicalC. initialD. categorical39. Our thinking is not mature enough when we stereotype peoplebecause A

50、. we neglect their depth and breadthB. they are not all locks, peeks, or freaksC our thinking is similar to that of a very young childD. our judgment is always wrong40. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?A. One' s physical appearance can in fluence our

51、first impressionB. our first impression is influenced by the sensitivity of our brainC. Stereotypical impressions can be dead wrongD. We should adopt mature thinking when getting to know people第 3 篇 A New Strategy to Overcome Breast CancerPost-menopausal （绝经后）women who walk for an hour a day can cut

52、 their chanee of breast cancer significantly, a study has suggested. The report, which followed 73z000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a week lowered the risk of the disease. The American Cancer Society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked

53、 to walking. UK experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.A recent poll for the charity Ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no more than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. This study, published in Cancer Epidemiology,

54、Biomarkers & Prevention, followed 73.615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the American Cancer Society betweenl992 and 1993z so it could monitor the incidenee of cancer in the group.They were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were a

55、ctive and participating in activities such as walkingz swimming and aerobics（有氧运动）and how much time they spent sitting watching television or reading. They completed the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009.0f the women, 47%said walking was their only recreational activity

56、. Those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per weekDr. Alpa Patelz a senior epidemiologist at the American Cancer Society in Atlantaf Georgia, who led the study, said:" Given that more than 60% of

57、women report some daily walking, promoting walking as a healthy leisure-time activity could be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity amongst post-menopausal women. We were pleased to find that without any other recreational activity, just walking one hour a day was associated with a

58、 lower risk of breast cancer in these women." " More strenuous（紧张的）a nd longer activities lowered the risk even more."Bar on ess Delyth Morgan chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign, said: "This study adds further evidenee that our lifestyle choices can play a part in influenc

59、ing the risk of breast cancer and even small changes incorporate into our normal day-to-day activity can make a difference/1She added:" We know that the best weapon to overcoming breast cancer is the ability to stop it occurring in the first place The challenge now is how we turn these fin ding

60、s into action and identify other sustainable lifestyle changes that will help us prevent breast cancer/141. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk werementioned in the passage EXCEPTA. breathing exerciseB regular walkingC. recreational activityD. I if estyle choices42. It can be inferr

61、ed from Dr. Alpa Patel' s study thatA. women have fewer chances of physical activityB daily walking could cut the chance of breast cancerC. leisure-time activity is not associated with cancer riskD. walking is not recommended for women with breast cancer43. Dr. Alpa Patel wasA. head of the surve

62、y studyB chief editor of Cancer EpidemiologyC. chair of the American Cancer SocietyD. chief executive of Breast Cancer Campaign44. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity.B. The study aims to track the health c

63、onditions of its subjects.C. Walking was the only recreational activity for about half of the womenD. Iregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women45. The word "sustainable" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to?A. continuableB. affordableC. availab

64、leD. persistent第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据 短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。Wrongly convinced man and his accuser tell their storiesNEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martin7 s Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton, a remarkable true story of w

65、hat novelist John Grisham calls an "account of violence, rage, redemption（救赎）f and; ultimately forgiveness."The story began in 1987z in Burlington, North Carolinaz with the rape of a young while college student named Jennifer Thompson. During her ordeal（折磨）# Thompson swore（发誓）to herself th

66、at she would never forget the face of her rapist（强奸犯）,a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted（攻击）her brutally During the attack, she made an effort to memorize every detail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos（纹身）# or other identifying marks. （46） When the police asked her if she could identify the assailant （袭 击者）from a book of mug shots（嫌疑犯照片）,she picked one that