山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试复习指导

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1、目 录第一部分 山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲（试行）及样题2第二部分 试题题型分析及应试技巧 14一、 阅读理解 14二、 词汇和语法结构24三、 完形填空51四、 汉译英53五、 写作58第三部分 单项训练67一、 阅读理解练习67二、 词汇和语法练习105三、 完形填空练习143四、 汉译英练习150五、 写作练习152第四部分 模拟试题155Test One155 Test Two164 Test Three172参考答案180第一部分山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲 (试行) 及样题一、 山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试大纲(试行)总则二、 为了客观地评价我省成人高等

2、教育（非英语专业）学员的英语水平，有效地调动学生学习英语的积极性，提高学生的英语水平，从而保证成人教育本科毕业生学士学位的授予质量，根据教育部大学英语课程教学要求（试行）的要求、结合我省英语教学的现状和成人高等教育的特点以及社会对学生英语能力的实际要求，制定本考试大纲。本考试的难度界定在大学英语三级的水平，是一种标准化考试。为保证试卷的信度，除短文写作部分是主观性试题外，其余试题全部客观性的多项选择题形式。短文写作部分的目的是考核考生运用语言的能力，从而提高试卷的效度。（一） 评价目标本考试采用水平测试的方法，指在考察学生的基本英语综合应用能力，包括一定的听说能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中

3、能用英语比较有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时增强其自主学习能力、提高综合文化素养，以适应我国经济发展和国际交流的需要，并为进一步提高英语水平打下较好的基础。具体要求如下：（二） 词汇应掌握 3500 个左右的英语单词，正确熟练使用由这些单词构成的常用搭配，并具备用构词法知识识别生词的能力。（三） 语法知识掌握主谓一致关系，表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型，直接引语和间接引语的用法，动词不定式和分词的用法，各种时态、主动语态、被动语态等基本的语法知识，并注重在语篇层面上运用语法知识的能力。1. 阅读能力2. 考生应该能够综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能理解书面英语，能以每分钟 60

4、 词的速度阅读各种题材（包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政治、经济等）和体裁（包括议论文、记叙文、说明文、应用文等）的文字材料。阅读材料的生词量不超过，对于超出全日制教学大纲词汇表一至三级词汇表范围的词，用汉语注明词义。应试人员能够：3. 掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;4. 了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节;5. 根据上下文判断某些生词或短语的意义;6. 理解单词的意义和上下句之间的逻辑关系;（四） 根据所读的材料进行一定的判断、推理；领会作者的观点和态度。三、 写作能力 能在 30 分钟内写出长度为 100 个单词的短文，内容切题，语句连贯，条理清楚，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。考试内容本考试包

5、括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法和语法结构、完型填空、汉译英、短文写作。全部题目按顺序统一编号。1 第一部分：阅读理解（分开我阅读理解）:共 20 题，考试时间 35 分钟。本部分要求考生阅读 4 篇英文短文，总阅读量不超过 1000 词。每篇短文后有 5 个问题。考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。2 本部分选材的原则是：3 题材广泛，包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识等，其中所涉及的背景知识均在考生能理解的范围之内；体裁多样，包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；1 文章的语言难度适中，超出考生应掌握的词汇范围的词，用汉语注明词义。2 本部分主要测试以下能力：3 掌握所读材料的主指

6、和大意；4 了解说明主指和大意的事实和细节；既能理解字面意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理；既能理解个别句子的意思，也能理解上下文的逻辑关系。本部分的目的是测试考生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。第二部分：词语用法和语法结构（部份 2 字汇 &构成）:共 40 题，考试时间 30 分钟。题目中 60% 为词和短语的用法， 40% 为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。本部分的目的是测试考生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。第三部分：完型填空（部份 3 关）:共 10 题，考试时间 10 分钟。在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（约 200 词）中留有

7、 10 个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实义词。本部分的目的是测试考生综合运用语言的能力。第四部分：汉译英（部份 4 翻译）:共 5 题，考试时间是 15 分钟。给出 5 个汉语句子，要求考生翻译成英语，所译英语表达清楚，句子结构和用词正确。本部分指在考察考生掌握汉英翻译的方法技巧、语言翻译能力以及汉英翻译所必备的语言文化知识。第五部分：写作（部份 V 写作）:共 1 题，考试时间为 30 分钟。要求考生根据题目规定写出一篇 100 词左右的短文。试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或给出段

8、首句，或给出提纲。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作的内容包括日常生活和一般常识。四、 本部分的目的是测试考生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。答题及计分方法客观性试题用机器阅卷，要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上（答案纸）上该题的相应字母中间用铅笔划一条横线。试卷（测试纸）不能做任何记号。每题只能选择一个答案，多选作答错处理。主观性试题（短文写作），写在作文纸上，按科学的评分标准评分。试卷各部分计分采用加权的方法，折算成百分制，以 60 分为及格标准。试卷五个部分的题目、计分和考试时间列表如下：序号题号名称题目数计分考试时间I120阅读理解（阅读理解）2

9、0题40分35分钟II2160词语用法和语法结构(字汇&构成）40题20分30分钟III6170完型填空（结束）10题10分10分钟IV7175汉译英（翻译）5题10分15分钟V76短文写作（写作）1题20分30分钟合计76题100分120分钟山东省成人高等教育学士学位英语考试样题样品测试分开我阅读理解(35 分钟,40 点)方向: 那里是四在这个部份中读通道. 每个通道被一些问题或未完成的陈述跟随. 因为每个他们有被作记号的四选择一), B),C)和 D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choice and t

10、hen mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. A fire drill(操练) is ,to put it mildly(略微地,适度地), an inconvenient(不方便的) exercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning in terr

11、ible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely(真诚地) for your excellent co-operation and the spirit with which you endured(忍受,忍耐) the inconvenience.(打扰)A fire dril

12、l is not an idle (空闲的,懒散的)exercise. It is an extremely (极其,非常)serious(严重的,严肃的) one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions(预防,警惕) in the Hall. For instance(例子), there seem to exit(出口) a number of

13、“deaf (聋的)spots” in the Hall, namely(即,也就是), the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor(走廊). I have no reason to doubt(怀疑,疑问)that residents (居民)from these areas could not hear the alarm(惊恐,忧虑,警报). I shall request an immediate examination of this problem.I should, also, remin

14、d (使想起)you that it is a requirement that fire drills should be regularly(有规律地) carried out(at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware(知道的,意识到的) of this and obliged(强迫,迫使) to take part. All residents must take fire precautions(预防,警惕) with the seriousness they deserve.

15、 (应受,值得).Failure to do so can result bin fines and expulsion(驱逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation.1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience (打扰)because_. A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots” C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend2. The phrase “in

16、 the long run”(L.2,Part.2)means_. A)effectively B) endlessly C) eventually(终于,最后) D) efficiently3. Some people did not make their appearance(出现,来到,外观) at the last drill because_. A) they were deaf (聋的) B)they could not hear the alarm C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their rooms4. Afi

17、re drill is extremely(极其,非常) important according to the writer for_. A) it is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates (培养) peoples endurance(耐久力,持久力) C) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire5. Which of the following was NOT stated (规定的)by the author? A) A fire drill is v

18、ery important and useful. B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the residents. C) Those who do not take fire precautions (预防,警惕)will be fined and driven out. D) It has been made a rule that fire drills will be performed(行动) regularly.(有规律的)Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based

19、on the following passage Accidents(事故,意外的事) are caused; they dont just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shelf(架子) out of reach, a patch (补丁,小块土地)of ice on the misfortune(不幸,灾祸,灾难)frustration(挫折,灰心丧气), tiredness (疲劳的,累的)or just bad temper(脾气)that show what the accident really is, a sort of at

20、tack(进攻,攻击) on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently(经常地,屡次地) after a family quarrel(争吵), and we all know people who are accident-prone(有.倾向的), so often at odds(困难) with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition(定义,解说), an acc

21、ident is something you can not predict(预言,预告,预测) or avoid(避免,回避,躲开), and the idea which used to be current(当前的,通用的), that the majority (多数,大多数)of road accidents are caused by a minority(少数) of criminally careless(粗心的) drivers, is not supported by insurance(保险,保险费) statistics(统计,统计数字). These show tha

22、t most accidents involve(使卷入,牵涉) ordinary (普通的)motorists(开汽车的人) in a moments of carelessness(粗心) or thoughtlessness.(欠考虑的,自私的)It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions(条件,状况) make people more likely(可能的,很可能) to have an accident. For instance(例子,实例,事例), the law requires(需要,要求) all facto

23、ries to take safety precautions and most companies(公司) have safety committees(委员会,全体委员) to make sure the regulations (规则,规章,管理)are observed(观察), but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are injured (伤害,损害,损伤)from work due(由于,应归于) to accidents. These accidents are largely th

24、e result of human error (错误,差错)or misjudgmentnoise and fatigue(疲劳,劳累), boredom(烦恼,无聊) or worry are possible factors (因素)which contribute(有助于.,促成) to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety(焦虑,忧虑,渴望) level, run three times t

25、he normal risk (风险,危险,冒险)of accidents at work.6. The passage suggests that_.A) Accidents are usually caused by psychological(心理的,心理学的) factors.B) Accidents mostly result(是由.造成的) from slippery(滑的,使人滑跤的) roads.C) Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories.D) About 50 000people

26、lose their lives at work in Britain every day.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到,说起) as a factor of accidents?A) Mood. (心情,情绪,语气) B) Tiredness.(疲劳的,累的) C) Carelessness (粗心) D) Weather8. The word “accidents-prone”(L.2 Para.2)means_.A) likely to have accidents B) injured in accidentsC) poss

27、ible to die in accidents D) responsible(有责任的,负责的) for road accidents9. What can we infer(推论,推断,猜想) about the author opinion (意见,看法)of accidents?A) Safety precautions(预防,警惕) are of little use in accidents.B) Many accidents can and should be avoided.(避免)C) Factory accidents , unlike (不像,和.不同)road acci

28、dents, are inevitable(不可避免的).D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless(粗心的) drivers.10. The best title for the passage would be _.A) Accidents and Anxiety(焦虑,忧虑,渴望)B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in FactoriesC) Human Factors in AccidentsD) How to Prevent(防止,阻止) Accidents on

29、Road and in FactoriesPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the result of the violent experiment by a German King, Frederick II, in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak i

30、f he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.All the infants(婴儿) died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation(剥夺,丧失) here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity(能力,容量) to s

31、urvive(幸免于,活下来) is seriously affected.Today no much violent deprivation exists as that by Frederick II. Nevertheless(然而,仍然), some children are still backward(向后的,向后) in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive (不敏感的)to the signals(信号) of the infant, whose brain(脑力,智

32、能) is programmed to map up language rapidly. There are critical(紧要的,关键性的) times, it seems, when children learn more readily. If these sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的) periods are neglected(忽略,忽视), the ideal time for acquiring(取得,获得,学到) language skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.Linguis

33、ts(语言学家)suggest that speech stages(阶段) are reached in a fixed sequence(连续,继续) and at a constant(经常的) age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually(终于,最后) turns out to be of high IQ.Recent evidence(根据) suggests that an infant is born with the capacity(能力) to speak.

34、What is special about Mans brain(脑力,智能) compared(比较,对照) with that of the monkey, is the complex (复杂的)system which enables(使能够,使可能) a child to connect the sight and feel of , say, a teddy-bear(玩具熊)with the sound pattern (式样)“teddy-bear”. But speech has to be stimulated(刺激,激发), and this depends on int

35、eraction (相互作用,干扰)between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals(信号) in the childs babbling(牙牙学语), grasping(贪心的,贪婪的), crying, smiling, and responds(响应) to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls(枯燥的,不鲜明的) the interaction because the child gets discouraged

36、(泄气的)and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity(敏感) to the childs non-verbal signals is essential(必要的) to the growth and development language.11. Frederick IIs experiment was violent because_. A) he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak B)he ignored the importance of mothe

37、ring to the infant C) he was unkind to the nurse D) he wanted his nurses to say no mother tongue12. The reason some children are backward in speaking today that_. A) their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak B) their mothers are not intelligent(聪明的,理智的) enough to help them C) they do n

38、ot listen carefully to their mothers D) their brains have to absorb(吸收) too much language at once.13. By “critical(紧要的,关键性的) times” in Paragraph 3 the author means_. A) difficult periods in the childs life B) moments when the child becomes critical to its mother C) important stages(阶段) in the childs

39、 development D) times when mothers often neglect(忽视,忽略,疏忽) their children14. Which of the following in NOT implied in the passage? A) Ability to learn to speak a language is inborn(天生的,天赋的) in man B) Children do not need to be encouraged to learn to speak C) Early language starters are not necessari

40、ly highly intelligent D) Most children learn their language in definite(明确的,肯定的) stages15. If the mother does not respond to her childs signals_. A) the child will never be able to speak properly(适当地,彻底地) B) the child will stop giving out signals C) the child will invent a language of his own D) the

41、 child will make little effort(努力) to speakPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Americans who remember “the good old days” are not alone in complaining (抱怨)about the educational system in this country. Immigrants(移民) complain ,too. Lately a German friend was filled (装满)w

42、ith anger when he learned that the mathematics(数学) test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division. Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private schools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Japanese le

43、vels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here.But I wonder: If American education is so poor, why is it that this is still the country of innovation(创新)?When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had to memorize the name of all the worlds major cities, from Kabul to Karachi. At the

44、 same age, my son, who was brought up by a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was only 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school, including the

45、streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed.Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to think or to believe in themselves.Critics of American education cannot grasp one th

46、ing: freedom. America, I think, is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative. Our public education certainly is not perfect, but it is a great deal better than any other. I think I have found the answer to my question.16. From the text we learn

47、 that_. A) both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education B) the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries C) Japanese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics at Japane

48、se levels D) the authors German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy.17. Which of the following is NOT true? A) The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia and received some school education there. B) Buenos Aires must be the name of a city, as

49、 are Kabul and Karachi. C) Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography. D) The knowledge of geography of the authors son shows that American education is poor.18. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A) If children are not allowed to experiment freely w

50、ith ideas they wont grow up independent and creative. B) Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be. C) Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a higher level than American public schools. D) Americans are more innovative than other peop

51、le in the world.19. In the last paragraph the author says, “I have found the answer to my question.” What is the question? A) Is Japanese education better than American education? B) Why do Japanese businessmen send their children to Japanese-staffed schools? C) Why was my son not taught enough geog

52、raphic knowledge? D) Is American education really worse than education in other countries?20. What would be the best title for this passage? A) American Education and Education in Foreign countries B) Improvement Needed for American Education C) Freedom to Think Characteristic of American Education

53、D) Education and Innovation in American1. A2. C3. B4. D5. B6. A7. D8. A9. B10. C11. B12. A13. C14. B15. D16. A17. D18. A19. D20. CPart II Vocabulary and Structure (30 minutes, 20points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B),

54、 C), D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. Dont leave your bicycle out in the rain. Itll get_. 不要把车子放在雨中，它会生锈的 A) rusty (生锈的) B) crude (简陋的,天然的) C) rough(粗糙的) D) tough (强硬的,粗暴的)22.

55、I_ to him for the error.因为这个错误，我向他道歉 A) excused (原谅) B) apologized (道歉) C) pardoned (原谅) D) congratulated(祝贺)23. Its _ to ask Mr. Blake for help.向BLAKE求助是不可能的事 A) out question B) beyond(毫无疑问,无可争辩) question C) out of question（固定搭配） D) in question24. Hardly _ home when the telephone rang.我一到家电话铃就响了（ha

56、rdly had sb.done when,倒装） A) I got B) did I getC) I had got D) had I got 25. _his not arriving ,the meeting will be put off to next week.如果他没来，会议将会推迟到下周 A) At the event of B) For the event with C) In the event of （如果）固定搭配D) To the event of 26. Its getting rather late. Its time we_.已经这么晚了，我们该走了。（Its

57、time sb.did sth.=Its time to do sth.） A) are going B) wentC) goD) must go27. I_ you everythings going to be all right.我向你保证会一切顺利的 A) insure（投保，保险）B) assure（向保证）C) ensure(确保)D) sure(确信)28. Auctioned(拍卖的)goods are sold for the highest price_.拍卖的物品卖了出示的最高价(这句话省略了by sb.) A) madeB) takenC) offered（提供）D)

58、ordered29. The colors of that coat and hat dont _.外套和帽子的颜色不搭配 A) suit（适合）（若当协调讲须和TO连用）B) mix(混合)C) match（相称，配合）D) imitate(模仿,学样)30. Our whole class went to attend the conference(会议,讨论会) yesterday, so_ what happened on the campus.(校园,学校场地)昨天我们整个班级都去参加了那个会议，所以我们没人知道校园里发生了什么 A) all of us dont knowB) no

59、ne of us know C) all we don not knowD) we all dont know（从语法上讲都对，考的是一种外语的习惯表达方式。用一种肯定的句法表示否定的意思，用一个带有否定意味的戾NONE来表达它否定的意思）31. Although _ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction(科幻小说), it could occur (发生,出现,存在)elsewhere in the world.虽然在那个发达国家发生的事情听起来像科幻一样，但它在世界其它地方也能发生。 A) thisB)

60、 howC) what （只有此词才能引导主语从句）D) it32. I sympathize(同情,同感,共鸣) with Womens Liberation Movement(解放运动) only _ a certain extent.(某种程度)我同情妇女解放运动只能到某一固定程度 A) at B)withC) to（表达到某一程度只能用TO）D) in33. The officer(军官) gave an order that everyone _ back before dark.长官命令每个人必须在天黑前返回。（order后面省略should,它是情态动词，后面必须跟动词原型。类似

61、的词还有：suggest,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,urge,rule,require,recommend,moue,maintain,decide,ask,agree,advise等，还有N：advice,command,agreement,decision,demand,desire,motion,proposal,recommendatiom,request,requirement,suggestion,idea,order,plan,policy,wish） A) get B) would getC) had to getD) must get34. This year summer time came into _ on the 12th of April.今年4月12号夏天就来临了（come into effect 是固定短语，有“生效”的意思） A) effect (结果