大学英语教学课件：Unit 3 section B

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1、 Finding my way back home3Unit What is the American Dream?The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States, a set of ideals in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success, and an upward social mobility achieved through hard work. In the definition of the American Dre

2、am by James Truslow Adams in 1931, “life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement” regardless of social class or circumstances of birth.To make language more interesting and entertaining, we often use expressions which are not

3、 literally true. For example, we use figurative language in speaking and writing. Figurative language is language that compares, paints a picture for the readers. Figurative language can be confusing if it is understood literally. The ability to recognize and interpret or explain figurative language

4、 can help us fully understand a writers point.Understanding figurative languageDifferent ways of using figurative language1. Simile (明喻/直喻): a figurative expression which directly compares one thing to another by using the words as or like, such as as white as snow.Understanding figurative language2

5、. Metaphor (暗喻): a figurative expression in which the comparison is only implied, without using as, like and the like.3. Personification (拟人化): a figurative expression which compares non-human things to humans.Understanding figurative languageNow, lets take a look at the following examples from Text

6、 A:1. Today we have an equivalent need to recognize a new phase of life that comes after high school graduation, continues through college, and then leads to starting a family and having a career, the so-called odyssey years. (Para. 4)Understanding figurative language2. Nations around the world have

7、 witnessed similar trends toward delaying marriage and spending more years than ever shifting between higher education and settling down with a career and family. (Para. 10)3. If youre a little late with your goals, dont feel like a failure! Stay strong, be positive, and keep focused! Someday you wi

8、ll look back and wonder at the vast changes as you passed through the odyssey years. (Para. 12)Understanding figurative languageThe first one is a metaphor because it compares the new phase of life to The Odyssey, a well-known ancient Greek poem that depicts the Greek hero Odysseus and his long jour

9、ney home; both contain a long journey. Thus the figurative meaning is obvious though not directly said. Understanding figurative languageThe second one is personification because the sentence compares non-human things (nations) to humans (only living things can witness). The third one is definitely

10、a simile since it compares the feeling to “failure” directly using the word like.Understanding figurative language1. When would the son always fall into despair when writing to his father? ( Para. 1)2. Whats the main reason for the sons running away from home and what was he like at that moment? (Pa

11、ras. 2 & 3)3. What did the son seem to learn from his experiences in looking for a job? (Para. 6) 4. Why was the son willing to have a conversation with the deputy? (Para. 18) 5. Why did the son say that it was torture to look at his home? (Para. 27)6. How did the truck driver depict the father and

12、what did that indicate? (Para. 28)7. What is the main idea of the text? Questions previewing1. When would the son always fall into despair when writing to his father? ( Para. 1)He was not quite sure about his fathers attitude toward him. 2. Whats the main reason for the sons running away from home a

13、nd what was he like at that moment? (Paras. 2 & 3)His family code demanded that he go to college after finishing high school, but he was tired of school, and he thought he was miserable because the allowance his father gave him was pitiful and the work on the farm was hollow and dull, so he had a fi

14、ght with his father, like a volcano erupting, and ran away from home. 3. What did the son seem to learn from his experiences in looking for a job? (Para. 6) Traveling east to west, the son did a series of jobs, while none of them amounted to very much because the employers always wanted college grad

15、uates, so the son came to realize that having a good educational background is very important. 4. Why was the son willing to have a conversation with the deputy? (Para. 18) The boy thought the deputy wanted to listen to him and the deputy was a good person that he could trust.5. Why did the son say

16、that it was torture to look at his home? (Para. 27)He wasnt sure whether there would be a light shining on the porch, which symbolizes his fathers forgiveness and acceptance. His heart was filled with strong desire to go home and deep fear of being rejected. 6. How did the truck driver depict the fa

17、ther and what did that indicate? (Para. 28)The truck driver said that his father was as still as a statue, standing out there with a flashlight aimed toward the road. By doing so the father wanted to indicate that he had forgiven his son. 7. What is the main idea of the text? A lost son got his way

18、back home through self-discovery.Text summaryI was tired of a series of amounted to despairexilebond with Text summaryfeasibledemonstrate offered me a ride surrendered myself to my fatePractical phrases1. fall into （突然）陷入（某种心境）2. not amount to much/anything/ a great deal不太重要；没什么了不起3. bond with（与某人）培

19、养一种亲密或紧密的关系4. resign oneself to sth. 使自己顺从于（做某事）5. offer / give sb. a ride开车捎某人一段路程6. drift off慢慢入睡7. surrender oneself to sth. 听任某事摆布；屈服于某事1. Sb. had done sth. many times but would always do sth“某人已做某事好多次，但却总是”。用于表述做某事没有产生预期的结果或不能持之以恒。2. Sb.hates/dislikes/resents/likes/loves sb. /sth., finding him/

20、it + adj“某人厌恶或喜欢某人/某事物，觉得他/它”。用于表达对某人或某事物的感受3. Like sb. /sth. doing, sb. does sth.“某人像一样做某事”。类比，用于表述事物间的相似性。4. Sb. asks sb. else to demonstrate sth./ thatby doing sth. .“某人请求/要求他人做某事以表明”。用于表述某人的主观意愿。Functional patterns句型提炼句型提炼这封信我已写了好多次开头，但每次都以绝望而告终。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Id started this letter many times

21、but would always fall into despair. (Para.1, L4)Functional patterns句型应用句型应用Sb. had done sth. many times but would always do sth. .句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表述”做某事没有产生预期的结果或不能持之以恒。”Functional patterns(fitness and body building exercises /give up halfway) He had started fitness and body building exercises man

22、y times but would always give up halfway.典型例句他开了好几次头做健身锻炼，但总是半途而废。意群提示Functional patterns句型提炼句型提炼我讨厌这样的工作，发现它既没意思又单调乏味!原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习I hated the work, finding it hollow and dull! (Para.2, L7)Functional patterns句型应用句型应用sb. hates/dislikes/resents/likes/loves sb. /sth., finding him/it + adj句型提炼句型提炼应用

23、提示应用提示用于表达 “对某人或某事物的感受。”Functional patterns(newly-enrolled cadet / military training) This newly-enrolled cadet loves his first day of military training, finding it challenging and meaningful.典型例句这个新入校的学员很喜欢他军训的第一天，觉得它充满了挑战，富有意义。意群提示Functional patterns句型提炼句型提炼我突然发怒，犹如火山爆发。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Like a volc

24、ano erupting, I snapped. (Para.3, L1)Functional patterns句型应用句型应用Like sb. /sth. doing, sb. does sth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示类比，用于表述 “事物之间的相似性。”Functional patterns(a candle flickering in the wind / be at ones last gasp) Like a candle flickering in the wind, the old lady in her hospital gown is at her last gas

25、p. 典型例句穿着病号服的老太太如风中残烛一般奄奄一息。 意群提示Functional patterns句型提炼句型提炼爸爸，我请求您让我回家，请把门廊的灯打开，表明您已经原谅了我。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习And, Dad, Im asking you to allow me to come home to demonstrate that youve forgiven me by leaving the porch light on. (Para.9, L2)Functional patterns句型应用句型应用sb. asks sb. else to demonstrate sth

26、./ thatby doing sth. .句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表述“某人的主观意愿。”Functional patterns(be loyal to/ spare no efforts to / turn the corner) The general manager asks the employees to demonstrate their loyalty by sparing no efforts to help the company to turn the corner. 典型例句总经理请求员工们竭尽全力帮助公司度过难关以表明他们对公司的忠诚。意群提示Functi

27、onal patterns 1.失望 2.家规3.看到某人的悲痛4. 一系列的、一连串的5. 遵从某人的决定6. 振作起来7. 迷迷糊糊地睡着了 8. 感觉神清气爽9. 任凭命运摆布Collocationsfall into despairfamily codesee ones grief a series ofresign oneself to sb.s decisionrouse oneself drift off to sleep feeling refreshedsurrender oneself to ones fate离家出走后，我碰到过很多人，有的有教养，有的很粗俗。离家几个月后

28、我才知道什么是家。 a. Ive met many people since Ive been away; some were refined and others very coarse. I didnt know what home meant until Id been away for a few months.Language appreciation我再也不能忍受那些焦虑不安的思念了。我振作起来，踏上了回家的漫漫之路。 b. I couldnt bear my restless thoughts any longer. I roused myself and started down the long road home.Language appreciation他好像真的很感兴趣，脸上写满了真诚。 c. He seemed truly interested. There was real integrity in his face.Language appreciationSection B