八年级下册英语语法总结

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1、八年级下册英语语法总结Unit6FunCyclingTopic1Weregoingonaspringfieldtrip一.重点词汇（一）词形转换：l.discuss（名词）discussion2.queen（对应词）fortable（名词）comfort4. safely（形容词）safe（名词）safety（二）词的辨析l. findout/lookfor/find2.cost/payfor/spendon3.other/else4.raise/rise5. each/every6.exciting/excited（三）重点词组：l.goonavisitto去旅行4.goonafieldtr

2、ip去野外旅行6seethesunrise看日出7.make9.lookforwardto（doing）sth期望l2.bookaticket订票2. makethedecision做决定3.bringback带回5. decideon（upon）sth对某事做出决定areservation预订eupwith想出（主意）l0.payfor支付；赔偿ll.raisemoney筹钱l3.makearoomforsb为订房间l4.haveawonderfultime玩得愉快l6.atwo-dayvisit为期两天的旅行l9.roomswithbathtub带浴室的房间l5.inthedaytime在

3、白天l7.findout查出l8.someplacesofinterest名胜20ahard（soft）sleeper硬（软）卧2l.mypleasure不客气二重点句型及重点语言点1. Ihavesomeexcitingnewstotellyou.我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。totellyou是动词不定式短语，作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后如：Ihavenothingtotalkabout.Hehasalotofworktodo.2. Soundsgreat!=Itsoundsgreat!听起来不错。3. Wewillgoonatwo-dayvisittoMou

4、ntTai.我们将要去泰山玩两天。goonavisitto去参观/旅游TheywenttoavisittoEgyptlastyear.类似有：goonatrip/goonapicnicatwo-dayvisit为期两天的旅行atwo-monthholiday两个月的假期aneighteen-year-oldboy一个18岁的男孩4. Itshardtosay.这很难说。Tosay是动词不定式作主语，It是形式主语。如：Itsnicetomeetyou.5. Illasktheairlineonthephone.我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：Illphoneandasktheairline.

5、6. Bringbackyourinformationtoclasstomorrowandwelldecideonthebestwaytogoonourfieldtrip.明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。bringback带回。Pleasebringbackyourlibrarybookstomorrow.decideon/uponsth决定，选定Weretryingtodecideonaschool.7.Itstoofarforcycling.骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：Ittoofartocyclethere.&Howlongdoesittaketoreac

6、hMountTaiby.?乘去泰山要花多长时间？9. Howmuchdoesitcosttogothere?去那里要花多少钱？Howmuchdoesastandardroomcost?一个标准间的价格是多少？10. Wehaveticketsat120yuanforthehardsleeperand180yuanforthesoftsleeper.我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。at意为“以.”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for意为“供，适合于”。Ivegotticketsat80yuanforTheSoundofMusic.11.Idliketobook20ticke

7、tsforthehardsleeper.我要预订20张硬卧票。20ticketsforthehardsleeper=20hardsleeperticketsbooktickets预订票bookaroomforsb/sth为预订房间e.g.Wewanttobooksomeroomsfor14th.我们想预订一些14号的房间。12Pleasepayfortheticketsbefore5:30p.m.请在下午5：30之前付款。Payfor支付payforsbtodosth付钱给某人做某事e.g.HerparentspaidforhertogotoAmerica.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.13.

8、Iwanttomakeahotelreservation.我想预订房间。makeareservation预订14. Wehaveroomswithabathtub.我们有带浴缸的房间。with有或带着ahousewithaswimmingpoolastandardroomwithtwosinglebeds15.ItsverycommontoraisemoneyinCanadianandAmericanschools.在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raisemoney筹钱Wecanraisethemoneyourselves.16.ltcostseachstudentonedollart

9、obuyaticketforthedraw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。（1）each作主语，谓语用单数Eachofthestudentsspendsonedollarbuyingaticket.（2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Eachstudenthastheirowne-mailaddress.（3）用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。Theyeachhavetheirowne-mailaddress.17.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.我盼望收到你的来信。Lookforwardto盼望，期待Theyarelookingfo

10、rwardtosolvingtheproblem.三.重点语法动词不定式（1）动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want,refuse,forget,need,try,learn,like,agree,help,hope,decide,begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）（2）不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not.Mymotherdecidednottobuyacomputerforme.（3）不定式可以和疑问词who,which,when,where,how,what等连用。Canyoutellmewhattosayatthemeeting?

11、Idontknowhowtogettothestation.（4）本topic出现的句子有：Ihavesomeexcitingnewstotellyou.Iwanttomakeahotelreservation.ItisverycommontoraisemoneyinCanadianandAmericanschools.Thebestwaytoraisemoneyistosellnewspapers.Ithinkthemostexcitingwayistosellflowersintheevening.Kangkanghelpedustobookthetraintickets.Topic2Ho

12、waboutexploringtheMingTombs?一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1. explore（名词）explore2.east（形容词）eastern3.north（形容词）northern4. push（反义词）pull5.sadly（形容词）sad（名词）sadness6.crowd（形容词）crowded（二）重点词组:1. makeaplan拟定计划2.makesure确信，确保ealongwith和.一起来4.atthefootof在.的脚下5.besurprisedat对.感到惊奇6. besatisfiedwith对.感到满意7.outofsight看不见8.ste

13、pononestoes踩着某人的脚9.canthelpdoingsth忍不住做某事10.spreadover分布于11.rushout冲出去12.raiseoneshead抬头13.asksbforhelp向某人求助14.thankgoodness谢天谢地二重点句型及重点语言点1. Whileyouwereenjoyingyourtrip,Iwasbusypreparingformyexams.当你在旅行时，我正忙于准备考试。(1) bebusydoingsth,/bebusywithsth忙于做某事Imbusypreparingformybirthdaypartythesedays.(2)

14、while当时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。Whilemymotherwascooking,IwaswatchingTV.2. Wouldyouhelpmeplanatrip?请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？Wouldyou比willyou语气更加客气，委婉,类似还有couldyouCouldyoucomealongwithus?3. Theysurveyedtheareatomakesuretheirtombsfacedsouthandhadmountainsattheback.他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。makesu

15、re确信，确保Makesureallthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleave.4.Itsabouttwoandahalfhoursbybike.骑自行车大约要2个半小时。Twoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf5.ItstotheeastofYongling.它在永陵的东面。tothe+方位词+of(表示互不接壤)JapanistotheeastofChina.onthe+方位词+of(表示相互接壤)FujianisonthesouthofZhejang.inthe+方位词+of表示在某一范围内的地区Beijingisinthenorthof

16、China.6. TheywalkedintoDinglingandweresurprisedatthewonders.他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。besurprisedat对感到很惊奇Heissurprisedatdragons.besurprisedtodosth惊奇地做某事Shewassurprisedtofindshewaslost.7.sotheyhadtolookforspacetoparktheirbikes他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方space空间Canyoumakespaceforthisoldman?8. Whilethecrowdwaspushinghimind

17、ifferentdirections,someonesteppedonhistoes.当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。inonesdirection朝着某人的方向stepononestoes踩了某人的脚steponsth踩某物Dontstepontheflowersandgrass.9. Whenhefinallyrushedoutofthecrowd,henoticedhisfriendswerebothoutofsight.当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。noticesbdosth注意某人做了某事noticesbdoingsth注意某人正在做某事10. Assoo

18、nasthethreeboyssaweachother,theyalljumpeduphappily.三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。assoonas引导时间状语从句意为“一.就”Heleftassoonasheheardthenews.IlltellhimassoonasIseehim.11. Hedidntraisehisheaduntilsomeonecalledhisname.直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。not.until直到.才12. Theyweresolovelythatwecouldnthelpplayingwiththem.它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。cant

19、helpdoingsth忍不住做某事WhenIheardthefunnynews,Icouldnthelplaughing.13. IamsatisfiedwitheverythinginChina.我对在中国的一切感到满意。besatisfiedwith对.感到满意Heissatisfiedwithmywork.14.Weevenaskedtheguardforhelp.我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。asksbforhelp向某人求助Thelostboyaskedthepoliceforhelp.三.重点语法时间状语从句1。引导词：（1）when,while,as当时候.when后可跟短暂性动词也

20、可跟延续性动词；while后跟延续性动词；as多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。Thestudentsweretalkingintheclassroomwhentheteachercamein.=Whilethestudentsweretalkingintheclassroom,theteachercamein.学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。Motheralwayssingsasshecooksdinnerforus.妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。（2）not.until直到才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。Iwontleavehereuntiltherainstops.Hedidntsle

21、epuntilhismothercamebackhome.（3）after在.之后，before在.之前，assoonas一.就IwenttosleepafterIfinishedmyhomework.=IfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwenttosleep.Assoonasthebellrings,thestudentswillgointotheclassroom.2.时态（1）当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,thetelephonerang.（2）当主句的时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。Iwillcal

22、lyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.本topic出现的句子有：1. Whileyouwereenjoyingyourtrip,Iwasbusypreparingformyexams.2. Hedidntraisehisheaduntilsomeonecalledhisname.3. Whilethecrowdwaspushinghimindifferentdirections,someonesteppedonhistoes.4.Assoonasthethreeboyssaweachother,theyalljumpeduphappily.5. Aftertheyrodethei

23、rbikesfortwoandahalfhours,Kangkanf,MichaelandDarrenarrivedattheMingTombs.6. Astheywereexploringhappily,thecrowdbecamelargerandlarger.Topic3Bicyclesarepopularwithpeople一、重点词汇：（一）词形转换：1.death（动词）die（形容词）dead2slow（副词）slowly3.crossing（动词）cross介词）across4.success（动词）succeed（形容词successful5Pain（形容词）painful6

24、.lead（名词）leader7. final（副词）finally8impossible（反义词）possible9courage（动词）encourage（二）重点词组:1Slowdown减速2.runinto撞到4. warnsbtodosth警告/提醒某人做某事6getusedto（doing）习惯于做某事8. bepopularwith受.的欢迎10.goondoingsth继续做某事12. obeythetrafficrules遵守交通规则14. beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事3.avoiddoingsth避免防止做某事5.rideinto进入跻身于7. ashar

25、pturn急转弯9. getafine处以罚金11. thewaytosuccess成功之路13. breakthetrafficrules违反交通规则15. befamousfor因.闻名16. beindanger处于危险中17.afterawhile一会儿二重点句型及重点语言点1IthinktrafficinBeijingiscrazy.我认为北京的交通很拥堵。traffic是不可数名词2. Ifpeopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会减少。Ifwebreakthetrafficrules

26、,itwillbedangerousandwewillgetafine.女口果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。这是讦引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。3Ifeelalittlemoreconfident.我感到自信多了。moreconfident是比较级4. Itcanhelpussaveenergyandavoidpollution.这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。avoidsth/doingsth避免做某事Youshouldavoidmakingthemistakelikethat.Heranintothewalltoavoidhittingthetru

27、ck.5. Bicyclesarepopularwithpeople.自行车深受人们欢迎。Bepopularwith受欢迎6Itwarnsustobemorecareful.Warnsb(not)todosth警告/提醒某人做某事Hewarnedhertokeepsilence.Warnsbaboutsth提醒某人某事7. Mostpeoplethinkbicyclesaremuchsaferthananyothervehicle.大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。8.However,hiswaytosuccessdidntgowell.然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。Thewayto

28、success成功之路successindoingsth在成功Ididnthavemuchsuccessinfindingajob.我找工作没什么结果。9Liketheotherchallengesinhislife,Lancefacedithead-on.像面对生命中其他挑战一样，兰斯迎头面对。10Itseemsimpossibletobeathim.打败他似乎是不可能的。beatsb打败某人winagame/match/agoldmedalItseems+adj+todosth做某事似乎Shealwaysseemstobesad.三.重点语法条件状语从句1条件状语从句由if(如果)，unl

29、ess(除非)等引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。主句讦从句Will(must,should,may)一般现在时女口：Iwontgoifhedoesntgo.Wewillpasstheexamifwestudyhard.Wewontpasstheexamunlesswestudyhard.2.祈使句+and/or引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。如：Hurryup,oryoullbelate.=Ifyoudonthurryup,youllbelate.=Youllbelateunlessyouhurryup.Studyhard,andyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.