八年级(下)新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇(附语法)原版

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1、新目标八年级下重点短语及句型Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fewer people更少的人fewer修饰名词复数，表示否认2. less free time更少的空闲时间less修饰不可数名词，表示否认 3. in ten years 10年后in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon4. fall in love with爱上 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他 5. live alone单独居住6. fe

2、el lonely感到孤独比拟：live alone/go along等The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely那女孩单独沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon飞上月球 9. hundreds of +复数数百/几百概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of 10. the same as和相同 11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a differen

3、ce/Thgere are differences between A and B)12. wake up醒来wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人 13. get bored变得厌倦get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等 14. go skating去滑冰类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等 15. lots of/a lot of许多修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以16. at the weekends在周末 17. study at home on computers在家通过电脑学习 18. a

4、gree with sb.同意某人(的意见)19. I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意20. on a piece of paper在一张纸上注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词21. on vacation度假22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth帮助某人做某事23. many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼24. live in an apartment住在公寓里25. live on the twelfth f

5、loor 住在12楼 26. as a reporter作为一名记者27. look smart显得精神/看起来聪明28. Are you kidding?你在骗我吗 29. in the future在将来/在未来30. no more=not anymore不再强调屡次发生的动作不再发生31. no longer=not any longer不再强调状态不再发生32. besides除之外还，包括与except =but除之外，不包括33. be able to与can 能、会l be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而

6、must只能用于一般现在时态例如：l 1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. 不可以用can2. had to stay at home/ will have to 不可以用must34. be big and crowded 大而且拥挤34. be in college 在上大学35. live on a space station 住在空间站36. dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award

7、获僵38. come true 变成现实39. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间40. over and over again 一次又一次41. be in different shapes 形状不同42. twenty years from now 今后20年 43. 本单元目标句型： 1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.l fewer； le

8、ss表示否认之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。3. Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。4. Predicting the future can be difficult.5. I need to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Austr

9、alia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.本单元语法讲解 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含tomorrow; next短语；2.in+段时间 ；3.how soon；4.by+将来时间；5.by the time sb.do

10、6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do7.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时 8.another day 比拟be going to 与will:be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间那么较远一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to

11、die.He will be twenty years old.3. be going to 含有“方案，准备的意思，而 will 那么没有这个意思，如： She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.掌握了它们的这些不同，你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。一般将来时常见的标志词 1.含tomo

12、rrow; next短语； 2.in+段时间 ；3.how soon； 4. by+将来时间；5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 例Be quick, or you will be late=If you dont be quick, you will be late6.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时另见Unit 5 Unit 2 What should I do? 1. too loud太大声 2. out of style过时的 3. in style 流行的4. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone

13、 sb.给.打 5. enough money足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)6. busy enough 够忙 (enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置) 7. a ticket to/for a ball game一张球赛的门票8. talk about 谈论 9. on the phone用 10. pay for付款11. spendon +sth.=spend.( in) doing sth. 在花钱 12. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花的时间 13. borrow from从.借( 借进来)14. lendto 把借给借出

14、去15. You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。不用borrow或lend16. buy sth for sb为买东西 17. tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth告诉某人做某事18. want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do想某人做某事19. find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白20. play ones stereo 放录象 21. fail the test=not pass the test考试不及格22. fail in (doing) sth在.上失败,变弱23.

15、succeed in (doing) sth在.方面成功24. write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信25. surprise sb. 使某人吃惊26. to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是.27. to ones joy使某人快乐的是.28. look fora part-time job找一份兼职的工作不一定有结果29. get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作有结果30. ask sb. for寻求/向某人要某物 31. have a bake sale卖烧烤32. argue with sb = have an a

16、rgument with sb.与某人争吵 33. have a fight with sb.=fight with与某人打架34. prepare for=get ready for 为做准备 35. after-school clubs(activities)课外俱乐部活动36. fill up填补；装满be full of装满37. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人38. get on /along well with与相处很好 39. all kinds of 各种各样40. as much as possible=as

17、much as you can 尽可能多41. take part in=join in 参加某种活动/集会 42. a bit =a little 一点儿当修饰形容词或比拟级时43. a bit of =a little 一点儿/一些当修饰不可数名词时44. be angry with 生的气 45. by oneself=on ones own某人自己/单独地46. on the one hand一方面 47. on the other hand 另一方面48. I find/feel/think it difficult to do. 我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.49. see sb.

18、 doing sth. 看到某人正在做50. notuntil 直到才 51. 表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词. 即指人，ed用指物用ing例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.5

19、3 radio advice program 电台提建议的节目54 be original 新颖的55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56 sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as=as old as 和- 年龄一样58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.try to do sth, 尽量干某事 try d

20、oing sth 试着干某事62.be under too much pressure 压力太大64.take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部65 pepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了 66 parewith 和-比拟67.organized activities 有组织的活动 本单元目标句型： 1. Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2. What should I do?我该怎么办 3. You should say sorry to him.你

21、应该给他抱歉.4. They shouldnt argue.他们不应该争吵.J5. Why dont you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.6. People shouldnt push their children so hard. 7.Unit 3 What were you doing when

22、 the UFO arrived?1. in front of 在的前面外部 in the front of 在的前面内部2. in the library在图书馆3. get out of/get into出之外/进入4. sleep late睡懒觉sleep well睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep睡着5. walk down/along沿走6. take off(飞机)起飞；脱下衣帽7. on Sunday evening在星期日晚上注意:特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on8. in the tree在树上 on the tree在树上

23、9. take photos照相10. at the train station在火车站11. run away跑开，逃跑12. as+adj原形+ as和一样例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)13. in history在历史上14. for example例如15. in the city of在市16. on the playground在操场上17. ten minutes ago十分钟前18. take place发生强调必然性19. happen to sth./sb. 发

24、生强调偶然性all over the world=around the world普及全世界20. outside/inside the station在车站外/内21. next to相邻，紧贴22. close to接近于；在附近23. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床24. hear about/of听说间接听到25. in silence沉默不语 keep silent 保持沉默26. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历27. have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 have difficult time doing st

25、h干某事有困难28. a national hero 一个民族英雄 35. be famous all over the world 全世界知名 36. for the first time 第一次本单元目标句型: What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 1. I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句. 2. How about. / What about.?3. While sth./sb. was doing

26、sth., I was doing sth. 4. 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?5. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.6. I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.7. You can image how strange it was. 8. I followed to see where it was going.9. I

27、snt that amazing! 10. She didnt thinking about looking outside the station.11.I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.13.Beijng was made host to the 2021 Olympics.14.People often remember what they were doing when they

28、heard the news of important events in history.15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history.16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important.17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.18.However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what

29、they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.19.Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.本单元语法讲解过去进行时Past Progressive Tense句型 S + was/were +V-ing例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yest

30、erday evening.昨天黄昏八点半她正在做家庭作业。例B：We were having supper at that time.那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1. every Saturday每周六2. first of all首先 3. bothand两者都谓语动词要注意对称原那么4. neither.nor 两者都不谓语动词要注意就近和对称原那么5. most of绝大多数6. an exciting week令人兴奋的一周 7. agree to do sth.容许/同意做8. pass on (to) 传递9. be

31、supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做. .10. be mad at 对疯狂/生气11. do better in=be better at 在.方面做得更好12. be in good health 身体健康13. report card 成绩单14. sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语15. sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like听起来像/感觉像/闻起来像/尝起来像/看起来像+sb./sth.16. get over 克服；恢复；原谅17.

32、 open up 翻开/展开/开发/揭露18. care for 照料；照顾；意愿；计较19. have a(surprise) party for sb.为某人举行一次惊喜聚会20. end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试21. not-anymore 不再be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、快乐、冲动22. be get nervous 感到紧张23. have a very hard time with. 在-日子不好过take leave a message 捎留个口信24. have a big fight

33、大打一架25. feel lucky 感到幸运26. people who need help 需要帮助的人27. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事28. there is no difference betweenand. 在。和。之间没有区别29. Groups and the work they doGroupsThe work they do GreenpeaceCares for Mother EarthDoctors Without BordersHelps sick people in poor countriesUNICEFHelps

34、 children in poor countriesWWFCares for wild animals in danger37.the Hope Project 希望工程本单元目标句型： 转述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I She said sheThey said1. 许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.2. 许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.3. 许老师告诉

35、我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.4. 许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.5. 许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.6. 在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, Im better at reading than listening. 7. 情况怎样？ Hows it going? 8. 她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didnt wa

36、nt to be my best friend anymore.9. I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.10. Thats about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love. 11. She said helping others changed her life.12. Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province

37、may not like fun to you.13. The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.14. Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.15. Young people today need to

38、experience different things16. Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.17. I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.18. She said she likes being a good influence in the childrens lives.19. She now works as a math teach

39、er at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.20. You are at Bs house working on a homework project.21. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didnt come to the bus stop.22. What are some things that happen on soap operas?本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语一直接引述别人的原话，

40、叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语那么不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语局部变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework. Tom said to me that his brot

41、her was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been? She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine. He said that those books were his. 二直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。 1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。

42、 “I want the blue one. he told us. “我想要兰色的。 他说。 He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。 She said to me, “You cant do anything now. 她对我说：“此刻你无法做任何事情。 She told me that I couldnt do anything then.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。 2. 疑问句的间接引语直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask,

43、wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种： (1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether或if 引导。 如：“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗？吉姆问。 Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。 “Can you tell me the way to the hospital? The old man asked. 那个老人问：“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？ The old man asked whet

44、her I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。 (2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：“Which room do you live in? He asked. “你住哪个房间？他问我。 He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。 “What do you think of the film? She asked. 她问“你怎么看这部电影？ She asked her friend what she thought of the fil

45、m.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。 (3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if or引导。 如： “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked.妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？ Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。 “Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones? Kate asked. “你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？凯特问。 Kate asked whether/if my sister liked b

46、lue dresses or green ones. 凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。 3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.杰克说：“玛丽，明天请到我家来。Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。 The teacher said to the students,

47、Stop talking.老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。The teacher told the students to stop talking.老师让学生们不要说话了。 “Dont touch anything. He said.“不要碰任何东西。他说。He told us not to touch anything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西。 4. 动词时态和代词等的变动 (1). 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规那么：直接引语 间接引语today that daynow then, at that momentyesterday the day be

48、forethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / the following daythe day after tomorrowtwo days after, / in two daysnext week/ month etcthe next week/month etclast week/ month etcthe week / month etc. beforehere therethis thatthesethosecome gobring take (2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式，那么间接引语中的动词

49、时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下： 现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时； 现在进行时 过去进行时；一般将来时过去将来时；现在完成时过去完成时；Unit 5 If you go to the party，youll have a great time!1. at the party在晚会上2. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事3. stay at home呆在家 4. get injured受伤5. have a great t

50、ime =have a wonderfulgood time玩得快乐6. take away 运走，取走 put away 收起来，放好7. all the time=always一直，始终8. make a living (by doing sth) 谋生9. in order to do sth为了做某事10. have a party 举行聚会11. go to college 上大学12. be famous for 因而著称 be famous as 作为而知名13. make money =earn money挣钱14. in fact 事实上15. laugh at 嘲笑16.

51、too much太多(修饰不可数名词)too many太多(修饰可数名词复数)much too+形容词/副词 太17. get exercise 锻炼 注意exercise当“锻炼是不可数名词；而当“操“练习是可数名词18. travel around the world周游世界19. work hard 努力工作20. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤21. let . in允许进入，嵌入 keepout 不允许。进入22. get an education 获得教育23. take away拿开，拿走24. study for the test 准备考试25. make some food

52、准备食物 make dumplings 做水饺 make the bed 整理床铺26. half the class 一半的学生27. the rules for school parties 学校派对的规那么28. childrens hospital 儿童医院29. give money to schools and charities 给学校和慈善组织捐钱 30. become a professional soccer player 成为一个职业的足球运发动31. organize the games for the class party 为班级派对准备游戏32. play spo

53、rts for a living 靠体育运动为生 本单元目标句型： 1. If you do, youll2. Im going to 3. You should4. Dont you want to ?5. Dont you think .?如果李老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常快乐。 If Ms Li goes to the party, well have a great time.如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，李老师将不会让你进入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li wont let you in.6.For many young people, bec

54、oming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.7.If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.8.However, professional athletes can also have many problems.9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.

55、This can make life difficult.8. If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.11. In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy. Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1. raise money for 筹钱 2. collect stamps 集邮 3. run out of 用尽 4. by the way 顺便说一下5. on the way to. 在的路上6. be interested in 对感兴趣 7. more than=over 超过8. fly kites 放风筝9. start class 开始上课10. listen to music videos 听音乐碟片11. raise money for charity