上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题

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1、上海市英语高档口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题（06.9）SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the

2、corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Play is very important for humans from birth to death. Play is not meant to be just for children. It is a form of _ (1) that can tap into your creativity, and can allow you the chance to find your inner child a

3、nd the inner child of others. I have collected the _ (2) of play here. Play can stimulate you _ (3). It can go against all the rules, and change the same _ (4). Walt Disney was devoted to play, and his willingness to _ (5) changed the world of entertainment. The next time you are stuck in a _ (6) wa

4、y of life, pull out a box of color pencils, modeling clay, glue and scissors, and _ (7) and break free. You will be amazed at the way your thinking _ (8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life. What do you think the world would be like-if _ (9) each day in play? I bet just asking you this ques

5、tion has _ (10). Play creates laughter, joy, entertainment, _ (11). Starting today, try to get 30 minutes each day to engage in some form of play, and _ (12) rise!Play is known _ (13). Studies show that, as humans, play is part of our nature. We have the need to play because it is instinctive and _

6、(14).With regular play, our problem-solving and _ (15) will be in much better shape to handle this complex world, and we are much more likely to choose _ (16) as they arise. It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and _ (17) to our daily living.Play can _ (18), curiosity, an

7、d creativity. Research shows that play is both a hands-on and minds-on learning process. It produces a deeper, _ (19) of the world and its possibilities. We begin giving meaning to life through story making, and playing out _ (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test t

8、here will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in t

9、he corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over 85 years old. (B) In the United States, there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago. (C) All the people studi

10、ed by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly. (D) Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2. (A) Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments. (B) Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the “oldest old” pe

11、ople. (C) What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia. (D) What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy 100-year-old.3. (A) Diet, optimism, activity or mobility, and genetics. (B) Optimism, commitment to interesting things, activity or mobility, and adap

12、tability to loss. (C) The strength to adapt to loss, diet, exercise, and genetics. (D) Diet, exercise, commitment to something they were interested in, and genetics.4. (A) The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake. (B) The centenarians basically eat something different. (C) The centenarians

13、 eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet. (D) The centenarians eat spicy food, drink whiskey, and have sweet pork every day.5. (A) Work hard. (B) Stay busy. (C) Stick to a balanced diet. (D) Always find something to laugh about.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) Gl

14、obal temperatures rose by 3 degrees in the 20th century. (B) Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa. (C) Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power. (D) The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by 2050.7. (A) Ta

15、king bribes. (B) Creating a leadership vacuum at the countrys top car maker. (C) Misusing company funds for personal spending. (D) Offering cash for political favors.8. (A) The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety. (B) The eruption of Mount

16、 Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades. (C) All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have evacuated. (D) The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty.9. (A) 6 to 7.(B) 8 to 10.(C) 11 to 16.(D) 17

17、 to 25.10. (A) Curbing high-level corruption. (B) Fighting organized crime. (C) Investigating convictions of criminals. (D) Surveying the threats to national security.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) A wine taster. (B) A master water taster. (C) The host of the show. (

18、D) The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12. (A) Berkeley Springs.(B) Santa Barbara.(C) Atlantic City. (D) Sacramento.13. (A) Being saucy and piquant.(B) Tasting sweet (C) A certain amount of minerals.(D) An absence of taste.14. (A) Lookingsmellingtasting. (B) Tastingsmellinglooking. (

19、C) Smellinglookingtasting. (D) Tastinglookingsmelling.15. (A) Bathing. (B) Boiling pasta in. (C) Swimming. (D) Making tea.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) Enhance reading and math skills. (B) Increase the students appreciation of nature. (C) Improve math, but not reading sk

20、ills. (D) Develop reading, but not math skills.17. (A) To help the students appreciate the arts. (B) To make the students education more well-rounded. (C) To investigate the impact of arts training. (D) To enhance the students math skills.18. (A) Once weekly. (B) Twice weekly. (C) Once a month. (D)

21、Twice a month.19. (A) Six months. (B) Seven months.(C) Eight months. (D) Nine months.20. (A) The childrens attitude.(B) The childrens test scores.(C) Both the childrens attitude and test scores. (D) Both the teachers and the childrens attitude.SECTION 2: READING TEST(30 minutes)Directions: In this s

22、ection you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the

23、answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 15Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the li

24、ttle ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succe

25、ed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their childrens success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So its no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that, just maybe, ambition can be taught like a

26、ny other subject at school.Its not quite that simple. “Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity, but they cant be forced,” says Jacquelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan, who led a landmark, 25-year study examining what motiv

27、ated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who dont seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and

28、 expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesnt suffer from an emotional or learning disability, or isnt involved in some family crisis at h

29、ome, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isnt cool. “Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb, and it blocks them from thinking about the lo

30、ng term,” says Carol Dweck, a psychology professor at Stanford. “You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.” Over the past couple of years, Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City public school seventh-graders to do just that. Dubbed Brainol

31、ogy, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. “The message is that everything is within the kids control, that their intelligence is malleable,” says Lisa Blackwell, a research scientist at Columbia Universi

32、ty who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program, which has helped increase the students interest in school and turned around their declining math grades. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says, “parents can play a critical role in conveying this message to their children by pr

33、aising their effort, strategy and progress rather than emphasizing their smartness or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation

34、 of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. “These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who arent considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,” says Jeff Howard, a social psychologist and president of the Eff

35、icacy Institute, a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childrens academic performance. Howard and other educators say its important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, ho

36、bbies and other extracurricular activities. “The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,” says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which

37、 works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious tod

38、dler, they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph? (A) Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition. (B) How a baby learns to walk and talk. (C) Ambition can be taught like other subjects

39、 at school. (D) Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2. According to some educators and psychologists, all of the following would be helpful to cultivate students ambition to succeed EXCEPT _. (A) stimulating them to build up self-confidence (B) cultivating the attitude of risk taking (

40、C) enlarging the areas for children to succeed (D) making them understand their family crisis3. What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children? (A) A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the students failure. (B) Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience. (C) Looki

41、ng smart is more important for young people at school. (D) To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4. The word “malleable” in the clause “that their intelligence is malleable,” (para.3) most probably means capable of being _. (A) altered and developed (B) blocked and

42、 impaired (C) sharpened and advanced (D) replaced and transplanted5. The expression “to disabuse them of the notion” (para.4) can be paraphrased as _. (A) to free them of the idea (B) to help them understand the idea (C) to imbue them with the notion (D) to inform them of the conceptQuestions 610Civ

43、il-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to

44、 turn over information on its users search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, bu

45、t the governments continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. I

46、n order to conduct a controlled experimentto be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statisticsthe DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search e

47、ngine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors” might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,” said G

48、oogle attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to

49、 which objectionable sites are searched.) Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July ; the request has been scaled back to one weeks worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJs strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.

50、 If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all alongyou dont need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job prote

51、cting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,” says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, its possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find o

52、ut who was doing the searching. What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities? Says the DOJs Miller, “Im assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper authorities.” Privacy advocates fear that if t

53、he government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Sear

54、ch is a window into peoples personalities,” says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to

55、turn over information on its users search behavior, the major intention is _. (A) to protect national security (B) to help protect personal freedom (C) to monitor Internet pornography (D) to implement the Child Online Protection Act7. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”(para.2)

56、 required by DOJ as it believes that _. (A) it is not involved in the court case (B) users privacy is most important (C) the government has violated the First Amendment (D) search terms is the companys business secret8. The phrase “scaled back to” in the sentence “the request has been scaled back to

57、 one weeks worth of search queries” (para.3) can be replaced by _. (A) maximized to (B) minimized to (C) returned to (D) reduced to9. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJs strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4), the expression “sink its own case” most prob

58、ably means that _. (A) counterattack the opposition (B) lead to blocking of porn sites (C) provide evidence to disprove the case (D) give full ground to support the case10. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking ov

59、er their shoulders.” (para.5), the expression “Big Brother” is used to refer to _. (A) a friend or relative showing much concern (B) a colleague who is much more experienced (C) a dominating and all-powerful ruling power (D) a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions 1115On New Years Day, 50,

60、000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5 million Kenyans who

61、, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west, however, you may not be aware of itthe media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drough

62、t, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africas perennial problem wi

63、th drought and famine.How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and agai

64、n that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries national economies. In Kenya, for example,