2022湖南铁路科技职业技术学院单招测试题

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1、选择题部分(共80分)第一部分：英语知识应用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：单项填空(共20小题；每题0.5分，满分10分)从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处旳最佳选项。1How soon can I get my camera purchased on the Internet?_，but you can consult the express delivery company.AIts up to you BI have no ideaCDont bother DTake your time2Beijings bid for_2022 Winter Olympics has dr

2、iven public enthusiasm for winter sports to_new heights. Aa；the B/；/ Cthe；/ D/；the3Due to the_of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at an early stage.Aapproach BappreciationCapplication Dappointment4The noise of a nearby construction site terrified the shrimps that need a quiet en

3、vironment, and_caused their death.Aautomatically BparticularlyChopefully Deventually5_adequate water for all residents was, until only a few decades ago, a serious problem.AProviding BProvidedCHaving provided DProvide6The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that its high time w

4、e_on ourselves.Awould reflect Bhave reflectedCare reflecting Dreflected7To persuade drivers to_checking their phones whenever they beep, New York state plans to introduce socalled Texting Zones along its major highways to make sure of the drivers safety.Aallow Bresist Cadmit Dinsist8How do you like

5、the trip to Taiwan?We_there for a week. Its a fantastic place and well worth visiting again.Ahad stayed Bhave stayedCstayed Dwill stay9_can be more exciting than the news that the Chinese national football team has reached the tournament knockout stage (裁减赛阶段) at the Asian Cup.ANothing BEverythingCA

6、nything DSomething10Chinas e-commerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival broke new records, the Double Twelve shopping day_with success.Ahaving followed BfollowingCfollowed Dto follow11The Adulthood Ceremony was held in the school lecture hall_seats approximately 500 s

7、tudents.Awhere Bwhose Cwhich Dwhen 12The disaster relief funds are already_so that people in the earthquakestricken area can carry out reconstruction work without delay.Ain place Bin demand Cin order Din vain13Can I make an appointment with Dr. Smith this afternoon?Sorry, Im afraid he is not_because

8、 he has a patient to operate on.Aconvenient BavailableCaccessible Dvalid14Dozens of people were waiting with a camera for_seemed like hours, hoping to catch a glimpse of the US First Lady, Michelle Obama.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhat15The lack of health facilities and necessary protection for medical wor

9、kers partly_the epidemic (蔓延) of Ebola.Aaccounted for Bheaded forCcalled for Dsent for16By accepting lower prices, organizers can sell tickets that would _go unsold.Atherefore BotherwiseCinstead Dhowever17“Got it？” Professor Smith says, “_， lets move on to the next part.”AIf not BIf anythingCIf ever

10、 DIf so18White-collar workers in China are willing to postpone their retirement age_bluecollar workers prefer to retire early.Awhen Bwhile Cthough Dsince19Could you please have my car ready today?Sure. The damage is not that serious, so it_be ready by 5：00 pm.Ashould Bcould Cmight Dneed20.Im really

11、amazed at the functions of smart phones.So am I. We can surf the Internet, watch movies and listen to music，_AI got it BI took itCyou name it Dyou make it第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给旳四个选项中(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Just three weeks after landing back in the UK，I was determined to quit m

12、y job.Hearing my _21_，my family were strongly against it.But I was _22_ about going back to Ghana to set up more play centres and _23_ people to use their local resources.But a few of my friends _24_ mesome even ran marathons to raise money for my _25_They also paid to see me sing at a concert I put

13、 on to raise funds.In the months before my _26_ Africa trip，I spent all my free time _27_ early childhood developmentI wanted to know the best way to teach these children.In January ，a year after I first _28_ as a volunteer teacher，having raised $ 1，000，I _29_ to Ghana.There I met David，a community

14、development worker who _30_ my play centre idea.He took me to a remote village on his motorbike and introduced me to village elders who helped me organize community meetings to tell _31_ about my plans.I lived in a mud hut with a few _32_ from a village in northern Ghana.I commissioned(委任) local car

15、penters to _33_ wooden games and asked friends in Tamale to _34_ cardboard boxes，bottle tops and buttons for them.It took David and I nearly three months to train teenage volunteers from villages，but this was extremely _35_ to me，as I wanted the _36_ to be running their own communities.At the end of

16、 the training we held a graduation ceremony and _37_ 120 children at the centre，where toys，puzzles and charts were used as _38_ to help children learn.The volunteers started using their training to _39_ teach the children each afternoon.The kids at the first centre were so _40_ to finally learn how

17、to count and identify colours.All three centres were set up using the money I raised in the UK.21A.thought Bspeech Cdecision Dsuggestion22A.curious BnervousCanxious Dserious23A.assist Btrain Cexpect Drequire24A.supported BrefusedCcomforted Dexcused25A.business BprojectCtrip Dgroup26A.first Bsecond C

18、last Dfourth27A.researching BinvestigatingCrecording Dmonitoring28A.remembered BheardCvisited Dmet29A.referred BreturnedCheld Dleft30A.loved BopposedCignored Dcreated31A.teachers BstudentsCparents Ddoctors32A.workers BstrangersCleaders Dvolunteers33A.purchase BpaintCmake Dtake34A.collect BseparateCd

19、esign Ddistribute35A.urgent BamusingCattractive Dimportant36A.officials BlocalsCcompanies Dcenters37A.enrolled BeducatedCdemonstrated Dcontacted38A.systems BlimitsCtools Dmaterials39A.easily BseriouslyCactively Dnormally40A.confused BexcitedCannoyed Dshocked第二部分：阅读理解(第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每题2分，满分50分)第一节：阅读

20、下列材料，从每题所给旳四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AA black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.Because no light can get out, people cant see black holes.

21、Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very t

22、iny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”， in an object.Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earths galaxy. Earths galaxy is called t

23、he Milky Way.The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the M

24、ilky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or f

25、alls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see

26、how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.When a black hole and a star are close together, highenergy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists

27、use satellites and telescopes in space to see the highenergy light.41The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when_Athe star is going to dieBspecial tools are used on itCother stars come close to itDit is seen from the space telescopes42According to the passage，whic

28、h of the following is NOT true?AA black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.BThe gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.CScientists observe highenergy light through their own eyes.DSome small black holes came into being as early as the universe.43Which can be inferred from the p

29、assage?AEvery galaxy must have a black hole.BA galaxy is the center of the universe.CA galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets.DEarths galaxy is called the Milky Way.44What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?ANeither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole.BThere i

30、s only one supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.CThe supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.DThere is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”45The last two paragraphs mainly focus on the question of_Awhat a black hole isBhow black h

31、oles formChow big black holes areDhow scientists know about black holesBAs for old people，some of the applications are hard to use because they didnt grow up with them.They dont have simple models of how they should work，what to do when something doesnt work or where to go for help.We make it as eas

32、y as possible to be used for people who are not familiar with the technology.I think there is huge potential(潜力) and we are designing it.The ability to connect to friends，who remember the same movies and news and music，is really important，especially as people get old.They end up in retirement homes

33、and they arent always close to their friends.Allowing the network to help them connect with friends and family is a really powerful thing.My mother is an enthusiastic user of the Internet，although it took me years to get her to use email.She was born with normal hearing，but lost it when she was 3.Sh

34、e was totally deaf for many years，until age 53，when she got ear aids.They work really well.That is a big change for her.But before then，her friends couldnt call her on the phone，so they insisted (坚持) she use email to communicate with them.Young people dont even think of the Internet as technology.It

35、s just there，and they use it.Theres been a very interesting change in communications styles between old people and young people.There are some kids who are now in their teens and arent willing to make phone calls.And they think of e-mail as oldfashioned and slow.The reason why teens dont make phone

36、calls seems to be that they don t know what to say.When they call they often stop for a while.They dont know what to say，and theres this silence.On the other hand，texting is considered proper，and its okay if you dont answer.You might have been distracted (心烦意乱旳)Its not considered rude.But it is cons

37、idered strange if youre in this kind of voice conversation and simply stop talking.46What is the trouble that old people meet when surfing the Internet?AThey dont know how to use some applications.BThey have to buy electronic productions at a high price.CThere is no professional teacher to teach the

38、m how to use the Internet.DThey have no friends to communicate with online.47We can infer from the passage that the author is a _Acompany managerBprogram designerCcollege professorDmobile phone designer48What do the young people think of the Internet according to the passage?AInteresting. BAmazing.C

39、Common. DBoring.49Which of the following statements is true?ATeens face challenges when taking phone calls with the old.BThe authors mother is still using email to communicate with others after getting ear aids.CMost people consider email as the most oldfashioned tool to communicate with others.DTee

40、ns like to send texts to communicate with others in order to avoid embarrassment.CLife is to be enjoyed.Theres no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better.When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that

41、they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living.The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right：YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need les

42、s sleep.Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons to grow that it actually increased the size of peoples brains!YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your_skin_glows more and wrinkle less.You look younger and more attractive.In co

43、ntrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly.Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier.This is why smokers look years o

44、lder than they really are.YOUR GENES change.In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes.YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer.Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live.As

45、telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives.The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and ask

46、ed them to rate on a threepoint scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them.The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed.On the contrary, some of the w

47、omen who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normalappearing telomeres.In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.50Which of the following are good for lengthening ones life, according to the passage?eat healthy fooddrink plenty of water

48、take exerciseget up earlygo to sleep earlyrelease ones stressA B C D51The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to _Ayour skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshineByour skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in itCyour skin looks pink as you are healthy

49、Dyour skin becomes soft as you exercise enough52In the authors opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT _Abrains becoming clevererBfaces having fewer wrinklesCarteries turning narrowerDgenes being changed53From the last but one paragraph we learn that _Amothe

50、rs will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled childBmothers dont know how to handle stress effectivelyCsome women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating childrenDmothers positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress54The best title for the passage would be _A

51、Eat better, live betterBFeel better, live longerCLess stress, fewer diseasesDSmoke more, age soonerD“OK，” I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice.“Whats going on with you and your friend J？” Jis the leader of a group of thirdgraders at her campa position Lucy herself occupi

52、ed the previous summer.Now shes_the_one_on_the_outs，and every day at snack time，she tells me all about it，while I offer the unhelpful advice all summer long.“Shes fond of giving orders，” Lucy complained.“Shes turning everyone against me.Shes mean.Shes bad at math.Shes terrible at kickball.And shes f

53、at.”“Excuse me，”I said，struggling for calm.“What did you just say？”“Shes fat，” Lucy mumbled(模糊地说)into her bowl.“We are going upstairs，” I said，my voice cold，“We are going to discuss this.” And up we went.Id spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day，the day wed have to have the

54、conversation about this horrible word.I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing(讥笑)，but in all of my imaginings，it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F wordFat.My daughter sat on her bed，and I sat beside her.“How would you feel i

55、f someone made fun of you for something that wasnt your fault？”I began.“She could stop eating so much，”Lucy mumbled，mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors and wellmeaning friends and relatives have given overweight women for years.“Its not always that easy，”I said.“Everyones different in term

56、s of how they treat food.” Lucy looked at me，waiting for me to go on.I opened my mouth，then closed it.Should I tell her that，in teasing a womans weight，shes joined the long，proud tradition of critics who go after any woman with whom they disagree by starting with “youre ugly” and ending with“no man

57、would want you and there must be something wrong with any man who does”？Should I tell her I didnt cry when someone posted my picture and commented，“Im sorry，but arent authors who write books marketed to young women supposed to be pretty？”？Does she need to know，now，that life isnt fair? I feel her eye

58、s on me，waiting for an answer I dont have.Words are my tools.Stories are my job.Its possible shell remember what I say forever，and I have no idea what to say.So I tell her the only thing I can come up with that is absolutely true.I say to my daughter，“I love you，and there is nothing you could ever d

59、o to make me not love you.But Im disappointed in you right now.There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone.What she looks like isnt one of them.”Lucy nods，tears on her cheeks.“I wont say that again，”she tells me，and I pull her close，pressing my nose against her hair.We are both quiet，and I do

60、nt know if I have said the right thing.So as we sit there together，shoulder to shoulder，I pray for her to be smart.I pray for her to be strong.I pray for her to find friends，work she loves，a partner who loves her，and for the world not to deprive(剥夺)her of the things that make her who she is，for her

61、life to be easy，and for her to have the strength to handle it when its not.And still，always，I pray that she will never struggle as Ive struggled，that weight will never be her cross to bear.She may not be able to use the word in our home，but I can use it in my head.I pray that she will never get fat.55The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 indicates that Lucy_Aoften makes fun of her friend J.Bhas turned against her friend J.Cgets along well with her friend J.Dhas begun to compete with her friend J.56Why does the author want