初三直接引语变间接引语的讲解

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1、引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一.一.原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号把它放在括号内内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语;二二. 用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引这叫间接引语语 .第1页/共50页第一页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二随宾二随宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称

2、在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“ you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me ,“ They want tohelp him”She told me that That they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变第2页/共50页第二页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。一般现在时一般现在时一般过去

3、时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时第3页/共50页第三页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。nowthentodayThat daytonightThat nightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThe day beforelast nightThe night beforetomorrowThe next/following daynext The next/following 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：直

4、接引语中的时间状语转换规则：第4页/共50页第四页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this, thesethat, those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthis weeknext week.thenthat daythe day beforethe next daythat week.the next week地点状语herethere动词come go第5页/共50页第五页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从

5、句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.” Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.第6页/共50页第六页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。The boy said ,” Im reading a book.”Directspeech直接引语直接引语 Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech间接引语间接引语.第7页/共50页第七页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语是指直接

6、引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：第一人称，如： He said to Kate. How is your sister now?” He asked Kate how her sister was then。 第8页/共50页第八页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三

7、人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.第9页/共50页第九页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。Practice:1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said _brother had failed in the exam.2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said,

8、she is a good student. My teacher said _was a good student4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book in your room” He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy第10页/共50页第十页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。He says,“Is Tom a student or a teacher？” He asks whether Tom is a student or a teacher.He asked me, Do y

9、ou like playing football?“ He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.My sister asked me : “ What is your friend?”My sister asked me what my friend was.Jack asked me, How do you like the film?Jack asked me how I liked the film.The solider ordered,“Be quiet.” The solider ordered us to be quiet.H

10、e said to her,“Open the door, please.”He asked her to open the door.She says,“I will go to Beijing next month.”She says (that) she will go to Beijing the next month.He often says “ I shall tell you about them.” He often tells me that he will tell me about them.第11页/共50页第十一页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。记住：动词时态的变化

11、直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight第12页/共50页第十二页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。1陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时Hesaid,“Imwritingaletter.”一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时 HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish. Hesaidthathewaswrit

12、ingaletter.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.第13页/共50页第十三页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。注： 如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。He says, “Im not good at math. ”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.第14页/共50页第十四页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。注意注意：(1)如果在当天转述如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等时等时间状语也不必改变间状语也不必改变。 (2)如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，here不必改为不必改为th

13、ere，动词，动词come不必改为不必改为go. (3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：态不变。如：1.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth. Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth. (4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。也经常用一般现在时。Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.” MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent. 第15页/共

14、50页第十五页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。I I cancan speak three languages. speak three languages.He He saidsaid he he couldcould speak speak three languages.three languages.Whatdidhesay?第16页/共50页第十六页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。Whatdidhesay?第17页/共50页第十七页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。We are having a party for Lana.What did they say?They said th

15、ey were having a party for Lana.第18页/共50页第十八页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。shewashard-working,I am hard-working. Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidI am not lazy. 第19页/共50页第十九页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。he was good at playing basketball.What did he say?He saidIm good at playing basketball.第20页/共50页第二十页，

16、编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。I am good at English.ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?I do well in English.ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish.do well inI do well in English.第21页/共50页第二十一页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。I go to beach every Sunday.What did he say?He said he_.went to beach every Sunday第22页/共50页第二十二页，编辑于星

17、期日：十一点 十二分。What did she say?She said she_.would call me tomorrowI will call you tomorrow.第23页/共50页第二十三页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“What are you doing?”She asked meI was doing.whatwhat第24页/共50页第二十四页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“Why do you like English?”He asked meI liked Englishwhywhy第25页/共50页第二十五页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“Where doe

18、s he live?”She asked mehe lived.wherewhere第26页/共50页第二十六页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“How does she go to school?”She asked meShe went to school.howhow第27页/共50页第二十七页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。“Do you know my name?”She asked meI knew her name.Whether / if是否是否第28页/共50页第二十八页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。When do you have math?( They asked hi

19、m )They asked himwhenyou have mathyou have math.hadThey asked him when he had math.Summary(总结总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语第29页/共50页第二十九页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。Do you have math?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifyou have mathyou have math.hadThey asked him whether/if he had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一

20、般疑问句直接引语变间接引语第30页/共50页第三十页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1. Lana said, Im going to have a surprise party for Maria. Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.第31页/共50页第三十一页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。Can you play the piano?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifYou can play the piano

21、you can play the piano.couldThey asked him whether/if he could play the piano.第32页/共50页第三十二页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。1. She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?” She asked me _ _ _interested in science.2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat?” He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat.3. Shirley

22、 asked me “Where were you born?” Shirley asked me _ _ _ born.4. “ Whats wrong with you?” Lily asked me. Lily asked me _ _ _ with _.5. The girl asked me “What happened?” The girl asked me _ _.Exercises:why I was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wrong me what happened第33页/共50页第三十三页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。 1.“

23、Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“Whatstheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heasked howyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heasked whowassinging.6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第34页/共50页第三十四页，编辑于星期日：

24、十一点 十二分。 here over here tonight now today yesterday tomorrow last week/month/year next week/month/year ago the day after tomorrow this these come bring there over there that night then that day the day before the next day the week/moth/yearbefore the next week/month/year before two days later that t

25、hose go take第35页/共50页第三十五页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语 或地点状语一律第36页/共50页第三十六页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。2. The teacher said, My students are hard-working. The teacher said that his/ her students were hardworking.3. Tom told Jane, I will lend my bicycle to you. Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicy

26、cle to her/Jane.第37页/共50页第三十七页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimetogohome.”Mr. Wang said that he would leave for Shanghai the next month.She told him that it was time to go home.第38页/共50页第三十八页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。2. 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用

27、whether或或if(是否）是否）引导。主引导。主句中的动词是句中的动词是said时改为时改为asked，没有间接宾语，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。Eg.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”疑问语序疑问语序 Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasastudent.陈述语序第39页/共50页第三十九页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。 2) 特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 Eg.“Where are you going?” Father asked his son.

28、 Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序第40页/共50页第四十页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。3. 当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order, 等, 而把直接引语的祈使句变成带 (not) to的不定式短语。句型：tell/ask/order sb (no

29、t)to do sth如:第41页/共50页第四十一页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。1 The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.”老师对学生们说: “不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让学生们不要说话了。2.The teacher said to us,”Dont play in class.The teacher told/asked us not to play in class. 第42页/共50页第四十二页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。1 The g

30、irl said,“I will have a party.”The girl said (that) she would have a party.2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?”He asked me if /whether my father was a doctor.3 The police asked the man ,“Where are you going?”The police asked the man where he was going.第43页/共50页第四十三页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。4 Mother said

31、to Tom,“get up earlier!”Mother told/asked Tom to get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,“ Dont talk in class!” The teacher told /asked us not to talk in class.6 The teacher said,“ The moon goes around the earth.”The teacher said(that) the moon goes around the earth.第44页/共50页第四十四页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。1.

32、“I am good at English ,” Lucy said.2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to Lucy.3. “We will have a football match,” he told his mother.Lucy said she was good at English.Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.He told his mother they would have a football match .二.把下列句子变为间接引语。第45页/共50页第四十

33、五页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。4. “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.5.Sheaskedme,Whydoyouwanttodothis?SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.第46页/共50页第四十六页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。Summary1当直接引语是陈述句：由( that) 引导主语（said) that+句子

34、（时态往过去推 told 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句: 用 if引导 whether主语（asked) if +一般疑问句(主谓结构） whether窍门（do /does /did去掉） （be/can/may/must/will/should放主语后） 第47页/共50页第四十七页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。 3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（what / where等）主语 asked+what 特殊疑问句（主谓） where4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语+ told sb (not)to do sth asked ordered第48页/共50页第四十八页，

35、编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _been

36、_ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwherehowhadihadthoselivediifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat第49页/共50页第四十九页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。感谢您的观看。第50页/共50页第五十页，编辑于星期日：十一点 十二分。