山东省济南市2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分基础训练（3）

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1、阅读理解增分基础训练（3）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The Answer Is Right There above You.If you put a buzzard in a fence six to eight feet square and entirely open at the top，the bird，in spite of its ability to fly, will be an absolute prisoner. The reason is that a buzzard always begins a flight from th

2、e ground with a run of ten to twelve feet. Without space to run，as is its habit, it will not even attempt to fly, but remain a prisoner for life in a small jail with no top.The Ordinary bat flying around at night is a remarkable quick-moving creature in the air. But placed on the floor or flat groun

3、d, it has to shuffle about helplessly and, no doubt, painfully ，until it reaches some slight elevation from which it can throw itself into the air. Then，at once，it takes off like a flash,A bumblebee if dropped into an open tumbler (平底玻璃杯）will be there until it dies, unless it is taken out. It never

4、sees the means of escape at the top，but keeps trying to find some way out through the sides near the bottom.In many ways, there are lots of people like the buzzard, the bat and the bumblebee. They are struggling about with all their problems and frustrations，not realizing that the answer is right th

5、ere above them.64. Based on Paragraph 1, in what case can a buzzard fly?A. It s not old enough.B. Its caught in a fence.C. Its a prisoner in a small jail.D. Its got enough space to run.65 The underlined word “shuffle”（in para. 2) is closest in meaning to “_A. walk slowlyB, mix upC. fly lowD. run fas

6、t66. How can the bumblebee get out of an open tumbler by itself according to the text?A. It can be taken out,B. It can escape at the top.C. It can get out through the side,D. It can jump up from the bottom.67. The author expresses his views by_.A making a speechB. using examplesC. making a compariso

7、nD. giving advice【文章大意】抬头就是希望。本文讲的是把秃鹫放在一个68平方英尺的无围顶栏里，这只大鸟尽管会飞也绝对会成为这栏中之囚。同样也有蝙蝠和大黄蜂。其实很多人也像他们一样，使尽浑身解数解决问题，克服挫折，却没有意识到答案就在正上方。注意：阅读文章有标题的一定要注意标题。64. 【答案】D【解析】根据第一段最后一句话可知。【考点定位】考查细节推断。65. 【答案】A【解析】句意：如果把它放在地板或平地上，它只会无助的挪动。根据上下句可知它不能飞翔。故选A。B项，混合；C项，低飞；D项，速跑【考点定位】考查词义猜测。66. 【答案】B【解析】根据第三段第二句可知选B【考点定

8、位】考查细节理解。67. 【答案】C【解析】根据文章最后一段第一句可知文章通过把人和buzzard，bat以及bumblebee进行对比而阐述事理的。故选C。【考点定位】考查写作手法。社会生活类阅读理解。Do you want to love what you do for a living? Follow your passion. This piece of advice provides the foundation for modern thinking on career satisfaction. But this can be a problem.Ive spent the pa

9、st several years researching and writing about the different strategies we use to seek happiness in our work. It became clear early in the process that the suggestion to ” follow your passion was flawed, for it lacks scientific evidence. However, it doesnt mean you should abandon the goal of feeling

10、 passionate about your work. The reality emphasizes that things are quite complicated.Passion is earned. Different people are looking for different things in their work, but generally, people with satisfying careers enjoy some combination of the following features: autonomy，respect，competence，creati

11、vity，and a sense of impact. In other words，if you want to feel passionate about your livelihood，dont seek the perfect job，but seek to get more of these features in the job you already have.Passion is elusive (难捉摸的）.Many people develop the rare and valuable skills leading to passion , but still end u

12、p unhappy in their work. The problem is that the features leading you to love your work are more likely to be useful to you than your organization. As you become increasingly valuable”，for example, your boss might push you toward traditional promotions that come with more pay and more responsibility

13、, as this is what is most useful to your company. However, you might find more passion by applying your value to gain autonomy in your schedule or project selection.Passion is dangerous. Ive watched too many of my peers fall into anxiety and chronic job-hoppirig due to the follow your passion” advic

14、e. The issue is expectations. If you believe we all have a pre-existing passion，and that matching it to a job will lead to instant workplace happiness,reality will always pale in comparison.Work is hard. Not every day is fun. If youre seeking a dream job, youll end up frustrated, again and again. Do

15、nt set out to discover passion. Instead, set out to develop it. This path might be longer and more complicated than what most cheerful career guides might advocate，but its a path much more likely to lead you somewhere worth going.67. People satisfied with their careers are _.A. autonomous and passio

16、nateB. creative and competentC. respectable and sensitiveD. creative and passionate68. What is the authors advice on achieving career satisfaction?A. Developing passion for what one is doing.B. Matching the pre-existing passion to ones work.C. Figuring out early what one will do in the future.D. Dis

17、covering skills that lead to interesting careers.69. The underlined sentence in Para. 5 probably means that _.A. it is not easy to match our passion with our jobsB. we shouldnt think everyone has a pre-existing passionC. high expectations of passion in jobs bring disappointmentD. workplace happiness

18、 does not require a pre-existing passion70. Whats the authors attitude towards the advice of “following your passion”？A. Ambiguous. B. Supportive.C. Cautious.D. Disapproving.【参考答案】1. 67-70 BACD社会生活类阅读理解。“Everyone is entitled（有权） to their opinion is a remark commonly heard in our society. We value fr

19、ee speech and the rights of the individual. The private preferences we keep, as long as they do not bother with the rights and freedoms of others, are ours to do with as we wish.Children learn this central principle early on and soon become expert at using it effectively to suit their own purposes.

20、The phrase well, its just my opinion can act as a get-out clause which avoids further questioning or the need to give an explanation. A student may well prefer to put up a brick wall and so avoid the difficult task of providing a justification（正当的理由） for their view.They know the holy position freedo

21、m of speech holds for all of us and they know the taboo（禁忌）around challenging the opinions of others when they do not produce unfavorable effects on anyone else.This can make things hard for the teacher. We want to promote tolerance and respect in our classrooms and give young people a sense: this i

22、s how one ought to behave. Yet, we are also seeking to develop reasoning and critical thinking. To some extent, there is an idea that peoples views carry equal weight because all individuals ought to be treated equally. Treating peopleequally is different from treating what they say with equal weigh

23、t, though. We need to make clear to students that the right to ones opinions does not ignore the need to support them with argument when called to do so.Justification is the signal difference between opinion and argument. Opinions are stated;arguments are advanced. Opinions are given; arguments are

24、proposed. When we ask a student to explain themselves, we are asking them to give us something that will lend evidence to what they have said. We are asking them to convince us, to persuade us, to show us the reasonableness of what it is they are saying.64. According to Paragraph 2, if you offer a g

25、et-out clause, you may.A. fall into a difficult situationB. escape being questionedC. raise your social positionD. have to further explain your opinion65. The teacher may find it hard to.A. put up a brick wall to avoid giving acceptable reasonsB. challenge the opinions of others to have a deep effec

26、t on themC. encourage tolerance and respect while developing reasoning and critical thinkingD. tell the differences between opinion and argument66. The underlined word them in Paragraph 3 refers to .A. studentsB. teachersC. needsD. opinions67. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Everyon

27、e is entitled to their opinionB. Never bother with the rights of othersC. “Its just my opinion isnt good enoughD. Treat what people say equally【参考答案】2. 64-67 BCDC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Renowned Chinese author Mo Yan has gained many new admirers after winning the 2020 Nobel Prize for Lite

28、rature. Several major publishing houses in China said they would include some of Mo s short stories in their textbooks for middle and high school students.These announcements have given rise to fierce debate. Some criticize publishers for seeking fame and others wonder if middle school students have

29、 enough literary knowledge to truly appreciate Mo s works. Mo Yan has been a well-regarded writer in China for many years. But textbook publishers never showed their interest in his works before. Now they are all rushing to include Mo s short stories, weeks after the author won a Nobel prize Their t

30、iming invites suspicion.In contrast，supporters say that Mo s prose is beautiful and can inspire students love for the Chinese language.By having won a Nobel prize, Mo can have a very positive effect on getting more young people interested in literature. Including Mo s works in textbooks can draw the

31、 attention of young students and improve their literary skills.So, what is your opinion? Should Mo Yan s works be featured in middle school textbooks?68. From the text, we can learn_A. textbook publishers have been showing their interest in Mo s worksB. the inclusion of Mo s short stories in textboo

32、ks causes heated debateC. Mo s works have been included to the textbooks for middle and high school studentsD. criticizers think it unnecessary for middle school students to enjoy Mo s short stories69. What does the underlined word they” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Announcements. B, Middle s

33、chool students, C. Mo s works. D, Textbook publishers.70. The author writes the text mainly for_.A. collecting the readers opinionsB. introducing Mo Yan s worksC. arguing with the textbook publishersD. encouraging students to improve their literary skills【文章大意】本文讨论的是诺贝尔文学奖获得者中国作家莫言的短片小说是否要选入中学教学书的话题。文章分别描述了支持者和反对者的观点。68. 【答案】B【解析】通过第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知。【考点定位】考查推断判断。69. 【答案】D【解析】本题考查的是代词的指代作用。根据前一句可知they指的是Textbook publishers.【考点定位】考查推理判断。70. 【答案】A【解析】通过最后一句可知选A【考点定位】考查写作意图。