2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（北京卷解析版）（通用）

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1、2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（北京卷，解析版） 本试卷共15页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1. What does the man want to be in the future?A. A soldier. B. A lawyer. C.

2、 A teacher.2. What does the girl want?A. Sweets. B. Books. C. Pencils.3. When did the two speakers plan to meet Jane?A. At2:00. B. At2:15. C. At2:30.4. what will the woman do tonight?A. Go to the park. B. Play basketball. C. Work at a bookstore.5. what is the woman doing?A. Offering help.B. Asking f

3、or information.C. Making an introduction.第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Where do the two speakers work?A. At a store. B. At a hotel. C. At a school.7. Where does the woman come from?A.

4、Brazil. B. Australia. C. Singapore.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What is the weather like in the north tonight?9. What is the high temperature in the south tomorrow?A. 15C. B. 20C. C. 23C听第8段材料，回答第l0至12题。10. What motivates the man to employ local people?A. To help the local business.B o To increase the local em

5、ployment rate.C. To reduce the number of workers from other places.11. What will the man probably do in the future?A. Set up a new company.B. Run a training course.C. Lead an easier life.12. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Supplier and customer.B. Manager and secretary.

6、C. Interviewer and interviewee.听第9段材料，回答第13至l5题。13. What rule should you follow if you want to enter the sports complex?A. Wear appropriate shoes.B. Register on the notice board.C. Make an appointment with a coach.14. How much is the buffet?A. 4. B. 8. C. 10.15. What is the purpose of the announceme

7、nt?A. To introduce a playing field.B. To introduce a holiday camp.C. To introduce a fruit market.第三节(共5小题；每小题l.5分，共7.5分)听下面一段对话，完成第l6至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。 Customer Complaint Form(客户投诉表)Customer Thompson Electronics Problem A 16 delivery： Printers ordered：2

8、5 HW l7 Printers delivered：25 HW56 Cause A computer l8 problem Solution(解决方案)Post the correct order l9 deliveryPut a$300 20 0n the customerS account第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题l分，共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their

9、 eyes.A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked22. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the r sounds at the end of thewords .A. are dropped B. dropC. are being dropped D. have dropped23. Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the PersonnelDepartment.-Ah, good morning. You be

10、 Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. can24. -Im not finished with my dinner yet.-But our friends for us.A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting25. Im calling to enquire about the position in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertisedC. advertising D. having advertised26

11、. -Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.A. hadnt made B. wouldnt makeC. dont make D. havent made27. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. what B. whose

12、C. which D. that28. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me.A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing29. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyones enjoyment.A. in B. at C. for D. to30. they decide which college to go to, stude

13、nts should research the admissionprocedures.A. As B. While C. Until D. Once31. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.A. who B. where C. what D. how32. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, wasit was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C.

14、 why D. whether33. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How34. -The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt dieC. hadnt died D. wouldnt

15、 have died35. First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team fo

16、r a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an Unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 36 she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought we shou

17、ld 38 things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew 39 about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 40 . It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to 41 them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how 42 I was, so

18、 I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself.Mrs. Neidls 43 that year was, Try it. We can always paint over it 44 !I began to take 45 . I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing-only things to be 46 upon. I learned to dip my

19、brush into the paint and 47 create something.The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 48 in the programas Student Art Assistant because of the time and effort Id put in. It was that year that I 49 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design.Being on that stage-design te

20、am 50 Mrs. Neidl changed me completely. Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 51 a strong interest and a world I hadnt known existed. She taught me not to 52 what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be 53 . Mrs. Neidl was my comforter w

21、hen I was upset. Her 54 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 55 .36. A. and B. yet C. so D. for37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention38. A. make B. keep C. handle D. change39. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing40. A. questions B. comments C. expla

22、nations D. remarks41. A. hold B. follow C. evaluate D. form42. A. happy B. lively C. reliable D. punctual43. A. message B. motto C. saying D. suggestion44. A. again B. more C. instead D. later45. A. steps B. control C. charge D. risks46. A. improved B. acted C. looked D. reflected47. A. easily B. ca

23、refully C. confidently D. proudly48. A. introduced B. recognized C. identified D. considered49. A. confirmed B. decided C. realized D. acknowledged50. A. with B. below C. of D. by51. A. developed B. discovered C. took D. fostered52. A. accept B. care C. judge D. wonder53. A. bored B. lazy C. sad D.

24、afraid54. A. trust B. patience C. curiosity D. interest55. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. possible D. favorable【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者在Mrs. Neidl的鼓励和信任下怎样成功的。40. 答案A【解析】由上文ask me for .和She wanted to know.可知对于她的问题“我”渐渐做出了反应。44. 答案D【解析】根据常识可知事情起先都不是一帆风顺的，最终后来都会成功的。48. 答案B【解析】由上一句.achieved success that ye

25、ar可知因“我”在节目中投入的时间和精力而最终被大家所认可。A意为“介绍”；B意为“认可；认出，识别”；C意为“认出，识别”；D意为“认为；考虑”。52. 答案B【解析】“我”曾经如此害怕失败，关键还是在于太在乎别人的想法，care意为“在乎，关心，在意”。些过去认为不可能做到的事情。故possible“可能的”，符合题意。A项“可接近的”；B项“有趣的，愉快的”；D项“有利的，良好的，赞成的”。第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoldies SecretS

26、he turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. Were moving house.; No space for her any more with the baby coming. We never really wanted her, but what could we have done?

27、 She was a present. People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have givenher a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She har

28、dly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owners. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long w

29、alks or sitting by the fire.Thats why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldnt hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse i

30、n the distance as fast as she could.By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. We didnt know what had happened to her, said the woman at the door. I took her for a walk one day,

31、soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared. She must have tried to come back to them and got lost, added a boy from behind her. I must admit I do miss Goldie, but Ive got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And Ive learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.56. How did the

32、 author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.57. In her first few days at the authors house, Goldie .AI felt worried B. was angryC. ate a little D. sat by the fire58. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she .A. saw her puppies

33、B. heard familiar barkingsC. wanted to leave the author D. found her way to her old home59. The passage is organized in order of .A. time B. effectiveness C. importance D. complexity【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲的是狗母亲在和它的幼犬走散后，和新主人到自己原来住的地方，不顾一切的跑回自己的住的地方。56. 答案B【解析】推理判断题。 从作者的话“what could we have do”可知作者因为同情狗，而收

34、留了它，尽管当时有很多的不可能， 故选的是B。 A 震惊的；C 烦恼的；D 难过的。59. 答案A【解析】本文一开始讲的是狗是怎么样到来的，后来讲到狗开始慢慢的适应，而到后面讲到了当它发现自己家的时候，不顾一切的跑回家，所以是按照时间的孙逊写的。故选的是A。BOpen Letter to an EditorI had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently-one who works for you. In fact, hes one of your best reporters. He wants to leaveYour r

35、eporter gave me a copy of his resume (简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues (问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. Im sure you wo

36、uld hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工), and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility youve gi

37、ven him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.So why is he looking for a way out?He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights.The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questio

38、ns, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what hes doing and to help him turn his sto

39、ry idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. Thats what you want for him, too, isnt it?So your reporter has set me thinking.Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists-everyone-is to work

40、harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we cant do it, theyll find someone who can.60. What does the writer think of the reporter?A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative. C. Ambitious. D. Proud.61. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?A

41、. Finding the news value of his stories. B. Giving him financial support.C. Helping him to find issues. D. Improving his good ideas.62. Who probably wrote the letter?A. An editor. B. An artist. C. A reporter. D. A reader.63. The letter aims to remind editors that they should _A. keep their best repo

42、rters at all costsB. give more freedom to their reportersC. be aware of their reporters professional developmentD. appreciate their reporters working styles and attitudes【语篇解读】本文是一封信， 是记者的新编辑给原来的编辑写的一封信。建议编辑要注意职业的自身的发展。CPacing and PausingSara tried to befriend her old friend Steves new wife, but Bet

43、ty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are simi

44、lar, theres no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before Im finished or fail to take your turn when Im finished. Thats what was happening with Betty and Sara.It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara,

45、 who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.The g

46、eneral phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomen

47、a can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. Although back

48、 home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.Thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like m

49、icroseconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with

50、her?A. Betty was talkative.B. Betty was an interrupter.C. Betty did not take her turn.D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns.66. We can learn from the passage

51、that _A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the USC. ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up ones confidence67. The underlined word assertiveness in

52、 the last paragraph probably means _A. being willing to speak ones mindB. being able to increase ones powerC. being ready to make ones own judgmentD. being quick to express ones ideas confidently【语篇解读】本文讲的是健谈和停顿也是不同国家的习惯和交流方式， 故要想不出现尴尬的话，在谈话前必须要知道各国不同的文化差异。DThe Cost of Higher EducationIndividuals (个

53、人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, shou

54、ld pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university who

55、se teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were

56、 similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to

57、 celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education beca

58、use graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their univ

59、ersity education.68. The underlined word them in Paragraph 2 refers toA. taxpayers B. pressing callsC. college graduates D. government resources69. The author thinks that with full government fundingA. teachers are less satisfiedB. students are more demandingC. students will become more competentD. teachers will spend less time on teaching70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA. argue against free university educationB. call on them to finance students studiesC. encourage graduates to go into businessD. show their contribution