4月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解

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1、20#1月研究生英语学位考试真题与答案详解Section A 21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks. A declaring B verifying C making D indicating 22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support

2、systems. A technologically B considerably C structurally D internally 23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury. A pose B overthrow C dispose D surpass 24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test. A participate in

3、B cater to C indulge in D see to 25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast. A astonishing B humiliating C noticeable D fleeting. 26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention. A carried on B taken on C w

4、orked on D embarked on 27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously. A once in a while B at the same time C in a broad sense D as soon as possible. 28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.

5、 A specific=definite B active C creative D confident. 29. This training course is intended to improve the petence of English of the staff. A proficiency B grasp C efficiency D petition 30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports. A set apart B leave out C go about D

6、 put up Section B 31. Some of the old customs has continued _ politeness although they are no longer thought about now. A in the way of B in the eyes of C in the face of D in the form of 32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate ones _ with a group. A identification B specifica

7、tion C introduction D superstition 33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association _ that schools should continue to test, if they so choose. A preserve B safeguards B maintains D conserves 34. Finding out information about these universities has bee amazingly

8、easy for any one with the Internet _ A entrance B admission C access D involvement 35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of _ A mobility B morality C maturity D mortality 36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are _; lives can be saved. A impulsive B respon

9、sive C destructive D speculative 37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were _ by wild animals. A resided B inhabited C segregated D exhibited 38. Some teenagers are so crazy about video games as to play them many hours_, if possible. A on purpose B on hand . C on credit D on

10、 end 39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature _ A reserves B preservatives C conservatives D reservations. 40. The young lady is Mr. Smiths step-daughter, her _ parents having died in an accident. A ecological B psychological C physiological D biological

11、 Part III. Cloze Test No one knows for sure whether the type of tea makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants , 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance to change its chemical 43 .

12、But, the way can change antioxidant levels 44 color and taste. Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed to fully oxidize and ferment the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts su

13、ggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plants, which are still covered with whitish hairs when theyre picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine.

14、But even black tea contain only about half as much caffeine as coffee. Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects. 41. A advantages B benefits C merits D profits 42. A where it B that

15、C which D when it 43. A elements B ingredients C fragment D position 44. A as well as B as it is C as far as D as it were 45. A faint B mild C tender D gentle 46. A joins in B hands in C results in D gives in 47. A poses of B makes out C makes up D consists of 48. A less B the least C more D the mos

16、t 49. A entirely B inevitably C enormously D irresistibly 50. A in case of B in proportion to C in exchange for D in terms of Part IV Reading prehension Passage One Singletons, referring to those who live alone, are being forted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner i

17、s not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end. A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem. For a number of reasons- relationshi

18、p breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families- the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And there is worse news. Running a refrigerator, tel

19、evision, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. The efficiency of resource consumption is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that . Just when you thought li

20、ving alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status - you are letting down the enti

21、re human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the standard of family and coupledom. The suggestion is that singledom should be at best a temporar

22、y state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional. Try munal living. There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a green time, laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV series Friends. And the message is cle

23、ar: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed. 51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _ A they should end their singledom as soon as possible. B they should live together with other singletons. C singledom is an accep

24、table life-style. D singledom can shorten ones life-span. 52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage? A Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage. B Now people can afford to support a household individually. C Some

25、people have to sacrifice family life for their careers. D Many people live much longer than before. 53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is _ A harmful to peoples life. B destructive to our ecosystem. C dangerous to plants and animals. D unworkable in our society

26、54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually _ A self-reliant B self-conscious C self-sufficient D self-centered 55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is _ A abnormal B diversified C unimaginable D disgusting 56. The author suggests that

27、singletons should _ A find boy friends or girl friends. B live with their parents and other family members. C live together and share more with their friends. D watch more episodes of the TV seriesFriends.Passage Two In 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the ne

28、xt big issue; Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShels brother had bee blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a disorder passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 percent chance of having

29、 the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couples inquiries about sex selection led them to Virginia, U.S., where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now they will try to have a seco

30、nd daughter using the same technique. The techniques separates sperm into two groups- those that carry the X-chromosome producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby. The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of laboratory in January 2003 in Califor

31、nia marked the panys first expansion. We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it. Said Keith L. Blauer, the panys clinical director. This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a childs gender. It also brings a host of ethical and pr

32、actical considerations -especially for the majority of families who use the technique for nonmedical reasons. The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a child to balance their family by having

33、a baby of the opposite sex. Blaucer said the pany has had an impressive success rate: 91 percent of the women who bee pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 percent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful. The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X chro

34、mosome is larger than the Y chromosome. A machine is used to distinguished the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly. 57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy? A Because they might give birth to a blind baby. B Because Carl might pass his familys disease to his son. C Because t

35、he boy might bee blind when he grows up. D Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family. 58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique _ A had already been well-developed. B had not been declared successful. C was available to those who wanted it. D had b

36、een widely accepted in the medical world. 59. Which of the following is the authors primary concern regarding the application of the new technology? A The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the panies. B Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want. C Th

37、e effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined. D Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population 60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, _ A 91% of the women successfully give birth to girls. B 76% of the women get pregnant with

38、boys. C it is more successful for those who want to have girls. D it is more successful for those who want to have boys. 61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies sex_ A are of different shapes B are of different sizes C can be identified D c

39、an be reproduced 62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology_ A may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desire. B is used by most families for nonmedical reasons. C has brought an insoluble ethical dilemma for mankind. D will lead to a larger proportional of females in th

40、e population. Passage Three Without question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time -particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which i

41、n due course bee the biggest bargains. It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left in his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain m

42、aterial which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during slack period. He is likely to have a good many seconds available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains.

43、 Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the second should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. The term substandard, incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than seconds. More

44、 serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Mis-description of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale

45、 there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say only 100 left when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say 10,000 at half-price when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning let the buyer beware were necessary it is during

46、sales. 63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains? A Cheapest goods B Newest goods C Seasonal goods D Goods in stock 64. The second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT _ A surplus goods B low-cost goods C the end lot goods D exceptionally valued goods 65. In o

47、rder to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may _ A have his goods produced at low cost. B sell his goods at a very low price. C have his employees sell his goods. D try to produce high quality goods. 66. The passage suggests that seconds_ A are of better quality than substandard

48、 goods B attract buyers as particularly good bargains. C are defective but marked as perfect. D are goods with serious defects 67. The word redress probably means _ A dressing again B change of address C pensation for something wrong. D selling the same product at different prices. 68. During sales

49、shoppers should _ A find the best bargains at every opportunity. B beware of being cheated. C buy things that are necessary. D pay more attention to the price. Passage Four How many of todays ailment, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drug

50、s? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat by the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the rootcause of their depression - the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physi

51、cal powers. One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for curing their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects as happened in th

52、e case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers but the uneasiness of doctor who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases such as chronic depressive illness it is impossibl

53、e to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to with

54、hold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to ner

55、ves. monly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to somephysical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself. It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that e to the ordinary doc

56、tors attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed. 69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills _ A could be ineffective in some cases. B usually have harmful side effects. C can greatly alleviate the illnesses. D can remove the

57、root causes. 70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on _ A whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients. B how psychologists should treat their patients. C the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effects. D the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psy

58、chological illness. 71. The passage indicates that psychologists _ A find it impossible to remove a psychological disease B feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugs. C believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored. D can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state . 72

59、. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they _ A are at a loss for treatment. B have no right to use drugs. C have to cure their patients by any means. D should use drugs to treat the symptoms. 73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as

60、 a result of _ A a more serious disease B some emotional problem. C a physical disorder D prolonged work 74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels _ A concerned B hopeless C surprised D disappointed Passage Five Those who make the rules for financial institution probably

61、 should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me are unclear, dont approve them. Charles Morris may not have intended his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim light on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wa

62、ke-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused. Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail, again and again, how regulators, la