高二英语选修7unit1healthmatters知识精讲冀教版

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1、高二英语选修7 Unit1 Health Matters知识精讲 冀教版一. 本周教学内容：选修7 Unit 1Health MattersSection 1辅导难点注释1. When health is absent, wisdom cannot reveal itself, art cannot manifest, strength cannot fight, wealth becomes useless, and intelligence cannot be applied. 如果人类失去了健康，那么智慧之光将不再光辉四射，艺术的魅力将车黯然失色，战斗的力量将消失殆尽，财富变得毫无意义，

2、人类的聪明才智也就没有了用武之地。1reveal 用作及物动词，表示“展现；显示；泄露。例如：The telescope reveals many distant stars to our sight.展现At school he revealed an aptitude for art.显示He greatest weakness revealed itself during the discussion.暴露2manifest 可用作动词，表示“清楚地说明、证明、显示，常用词组manifest oneself 表示“显露、出现。例如：He doesnt manifest much inte

3、rest in his work.表现The symptoms manifested themselves ten days later.此外，还可作形容词，表示“明白的，明显的，例如：This is something that should be manifest to all of you.明白的3apply作动词，有以下用法和意义：1应用、使用；把运用于 In this case we can better apply theory to practice.2涂，敷、抹A nurse is applying some medicine to her wound.3请求、申请 I wan

4、t to apply for the job. 我想申请这项工作。4用于词组 apply oneself/ones mind /ones energy to (doing)sth. 表示“努力进行，用心做，致力于，相当于devote oneself to (doing )sth. 例如：We must apply our energy to finding a good solution.2. It said your research team has done a lot of work to identify the virus that caused the disease.P.2 杂

5、志上说你们的研究小组为了检测出这种致病病毒做了大量的工作。 identify vt.1识别、确认identified the red car at once; it was my fathers.2identify sth. with sth. 表示“认为某事物与另一事物等同。One cannot identify happiness with wealth.3identify (oneself)with sb./sth. 支持某人、物He refused to identify with her.3. For example, could I catch the SARS virus or

6、the AIDS virus if I were to work in a lab?(P.2) 比方说，如果我在实验室里工作，我会不会感染上非典或爱滋病呢？这是一个虚拟条件句，表达很可能与将来事实相反的条件和结果。句中用be to do 表示可能性。此外，be to do 结构还可以表示“安排、命令、职责、义务、目的、用途或命中注定等意义。例如：We are to meet at the school gate.安排You are to be back at 8 oclock.命令I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangz

7、hou.职责A book is to read.用途4. I am never too busy to reply to a budding scientist! 我还没有忙得无暇答复一位未来科学家提出的问题。否认词not, never等与tooto构成双重否认，实质是肯定，而且语气较为强烈。翻译时可以译为双重否认句，也可改译为肯定句。He was too near for us not to see him.One is never too old to learn.5. They were diseases of the future, just as there will be new

8、diseases for you and other scientists to battle after treatments have been found for SARS and AIDS. (P.2) 这些病都是后来才出现的。同样，在战胜非典和艾滋病后，还会出现新的疾病等待你和其他科学家去攻克。just as 引导方式状语从句，表示“正如一样The earth revolves around the sun just as the moon travels around the earth.6. That was the case with SARS. (P.3) 非典就是这种情况。

9、be the case with sth./sb.的情况是Such is also the case with him.It is not the case with my friend.7. With his great experience, he created an education program about AIDS beginning in the primary grades at school. (P.4) 凭借他丰富的经验，他开设了从小学低年级起步的艾滋病预防教育课程。1experience 在此处是不可数名词，表示“经验。例如：He is a worker with t

10、hirty years of experience.但表示“经历，体验时是可数名词。例如：Our journey was quite an experience.2experience 还可以作动词，表示“体验，经历。例如：Our country has experienced great changes in the last fifty years.3有关experience的一些谚语和警句：Experience is the mother of wisdom. 经验乃智慧之母。Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother

11、. 经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。Experience must be bought. 吃一堑，长一智。Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。Section 4 辅导1. Suppose Li Mings father, Mr. Li, often has headaches. (P.10) 假设李明的父亲李先生经常头疼。Suppose 用作动词，表示“推想、猜测、料想、以为、假设。用法如下：1接宾语从句或复合宾语，宾补常常是不定式短语主要是to be，例如：I never suppose him (to be) a hero.2用于插入语中。例如

12、：You dont mind my smoking, I suppose.3用于简略答语中。例如：Will he come with us?Yes, I suppose so. /No, I suppose not.4词组 be(not) supposed to 表示“理应不，不应当，相当于should(not). 例如：You are not supposed to smoke in here.5用于祈使句，提出建议或请求，或用来提出假设。也常用supposing(that)引起条件状语。例如：Supposing(that) he does not come, shall we go wit

13、hout him?2. Too Much TV in Childhood Linked to Poor Health Later.(P.11)健康不佳与儿童时期看电视过多有关。1be linked to 意思是“与有关、有联系，相当于be related to 或be connected to 题目中省略了系动词。2link可作动词、名词，表示“连接；联合；联系常与together, to, with ,by, up 连用。例如：The interest of individuals is linked with that of the country.The two towns are li

14、nked(up) by a railway.Is there a link between smoking and lung diseases?3. New research shows that the amount of television children watch is directly related to the risk of health problems as an adult.(P.11) 最新研究显示，儿童时期看电视时间的长短与成年后出现健康问题的风险密切相关。1relate 作动词，可表示“涉及；把联系起来；讲述，表达，常与to, with连用。Wealth is

15、seldom related to happiness.I cant relate what he does with (to) what he says.He related just how the accident had happened.2relate的名词形式是relation表示“关系，联系；亲戚，且常用于词组in relation to ， 表示“关于，涉及，有关。例如：He enjoys friendly relations with his classmates.I have a lot to say in relation to that affair.此外，relate

16、的名词形式还有relationship, 表示“关系，联系；亲戚，有时可和relation换用，假设不侧重个人关系或友谊时，可用relations或relationship.例如：Relations with the USA are improving.There is a close relationship between Britain and the USA.4. You cant hear it, but its there every time you talk about yourself.(P.12)你听不见它，但每次当你谈到自己时，它却如影随形。every time 是名词词

17、组作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句中常用一般现在时表将来，作连词用的名词词组还有：1every time, each time, any time, 表示“每当，每次，随时。例如：Dont stop every time you come to a word or phrase you dont know.You are welcome to come back any time you want to.2the+序数词time, (the) next time, 表示“第几次。例如：He called to see me the first time he came to Beijing.3t

18、he moment, the minute, the instant, 表示“一就，相当于as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。例如：The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope.4the day, the week, the year, etc 表示“的那天周、年等，例如：He called on me the day he arrived.He was studying in the university the year the war broke out.5. Its more like quietly knowing that you

19、re worth a lot(priceless, in fact!).(P.12) 它更像是对自己不菲身价事实上是无价的！的平静认可。Self esteem is knowing that you are worthy of being loved and accepted. (P.12) 自信实质上就是你认为自己值得他人尊重和赏识。worth, worthy 的区别：1worth是表语形容词，意为“值的，有的价值的，接名词或主动语态的动名词表被动含义作宾语。例如：The old house is still worth $55,000.注意：如果表示“很值得，要用be well worth

20、，而不能用be very worth 例如：This book is well worth reading.此外，还常用于成语 be worth it “表示值得这样做，配，例如：He had to work hard, but it has been worth it.2worthy 可以作表语和定语，用作定语时，意思是“有价值的，值得尊敬的，应受到赏识的。用作表语时，意思是“值得，应得到，其后常接of sth.，也可接不定式短语。Shanghai is worthy of a visit/being visited / to be visited.He said he was not wo

21、rthy to accept such honour.6. Having good self-esteem is also the ticket to making good choices about your mind and body.(P.12) 充分的自尊是为自己的身心做出正确决择的前提。Be just the ticket 常用于口语，表示“正好适宜，正是理想需要的东西。例如：A cup of hot tea is just the ticket on a cold day.A change of scene would be just the ticket for us. 【课文

22、原句】Crowd them together in poor quarters without adequate food or clean water, and diseases will thrive. (Page 3) 【点拨】adequate 形容词，意思是:足够的、适当的。常用搭配是:be adequate for sth / be adequate to do sth。例如: The room is small but adequate for our needs. His wages are adequate to support his family. 【拓展】adequate

23、ly 副词，意思是:充分地、适当地；adequacy 名词，意思是:充分、胜任。例如： The students are required to be adequately dressed when they are at school. We all doubted her adequacy for the task. 【课文原句】When I was a young boy, I read about the power of new drugs and vaccines to wipe out diseases that had killed thousands and even mil

24、lions of people. (Page 3) 【点拨1】wipe及物动词，意思是:擦、抹、拭。常用搭配是: 1wipe sth. on sth.在上面擦；wipe sth. with sth.用擦。例如: Youd better wipe your shoes on the mat before you enter the room. The naughty boy wiped his dirty hands with a towel. 2wipe sth. from / off sth. 把从上擦掉。例如: He wiped the sweat from / off his foreh

25、ead. He used the cloth to wipe the mess off the table. 【点拨2】wipe out动词词组，意思是:擦掉、消灭、摧毁。例如: The village was wiped out in the earthquake. The teacher wiped out what he had written on the blackboard with an eraser. 【词组拓展】 wipe sth. away 擦掉； wipe sth. down从上到下擦干净； wipe the floor with sb. 把某人打得一败涂地； wipe

26、. off the map把彻底消除掉 【课文原句】In the 1990s, the government of Thailand appointed Mechai Viravaidya to educate the people of his country about AIDS. (Page 4) 【点拨】appoint 及物动词，意思是:任命、委任。常用于被动语态。常用搭配:sb. be appointed sth. / sb. be appointed to do sth.。例如: He was appointed monitor of Class 23. She was appoi

27、nted to teach us English. 注意:表示“委任某人担任某职务时，职务前可用as，但是常省略，构成appoint sb. (as) sth.。例如： The committee appointed him (as) chairman. 【拓展】1appoint 还有“约定、确定的意思。例如: We appointed to meet at the entrance to the park. They have appointed the next week for the meeting. 2appointment 名词，意思是：任命，委任；约定，约会。常用搭配：have

28、/ make / fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会/预约；keep / break an appointment 守约/失约。例如： I have an appointment with the boss this Friday. I made an appointment to see the manager in his office this weekend.【课文原句】Aware of his desire to go to school, Qis mother carefully saved every penny she could and man

29、aged to send him to the village school run by her father. (P26)【点拨】aware of 是一个形容词短语，在此处用作状语，意思是“觉察到，意识到，通常和系动词be或者become连用。如：He wasnt aware of the danger at that time.I became aware of the seriousness of the matter. 【拓展】be aware也可以跟that从句或者由疑问词引导的从句。如:At first I wasnt aware that he was ill.I became

30、 aware how she might feel.【课文原句】Chinese painting does not attempt to capture exactly what the eye sees, nor do the laws of time and space govern it. (P27)【点拨】attempt 可作动词或者名词使用，意思是“尝试，试图做某事。常见用法为:attempt sth.尝试做某事；attempt to do sth. 试图做某事常常没有成功。如:They attempted to climb up the tall tree.give 词组练习1.

31、In those days，he used to give _ a part of his income to help his friend.2. Both sides argued with reason，and neither would give _.3. If they are burned，they give _ poisonous gases.4. When they made ready to climb the next ridge山脊，they found that their oxygen had given _.5. Both the man and horse gav

32、e _ after the long ride.6. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _ and the search stopped.7. Mary had to give _ her job after her marriage.8. 举行音乐会9. 演讲，做报告10. 给上课11. 给某人关于的忠告Key：1. give away 赠送，给予2. give in 投降，让步，屈服3. give off 发出，放出4. give out 用完，耗尽5. give out 力竭6. give up 放弃7. give up

33、 辞去8. give a concert9. give a talk10. give lessons to11. give sb. some advice on 介词练习：请用适当的介词填空。 1. This book is written _ Mark Twain. 2. Can you solve the problem _ new ways？ 3. It was one _ the best-sellers _ the New York Times list. 4. Some _ the students are interested _ computers. 5. What can y

34、ou learn _ Bill Gates？ 6. She wants to be a teacher _ the future. 7. Dont play _ the computer. Do your homework first. 8. _ the end， they worked out a software program _ the old machine. 9. This disease kills millions _ people every year. 10. He likes to play jokes _ others. 11. I have few friends _

35、 you. A. besides B. except C. including D. beside 12. They have stayed here _ last year. A. for B. since C. from D. ever 13. They havent seen each other _ a month ago. A. for B. when C. while D. since 14.He ran _ the house _ the back door. A. out, from B. from ,out C. out of, through D. of ,into 15.

36、The twins go to school _ foot and go home _ a bus.A. on, by B. by , on C. with, in D. on, on 16. He cut the apple _ pieces. A. into B. in C. with D. to 17. When you are _ trouble, please ask help _ us.A. in, from B. in, for C. on, from D. on, of 18. June is _ May and July. A. before B. after C. betw

37、een D. among 19. We made the TV set _ ourselves. A. in B. on C. at D. by 20. I will help you _ your Chinese when you _ back.A. in, will come B. with, came C. at, are going to come D. with, comeKeys：1. by 2. in 3. of，on 4. of，in 5. from6. in 7. with 8. In，with 9. of 10. on 1115 BBDCD 1620 AACDD短语练习：翻

38、译以下词组1、in general 2、be worth noting 3、代表 4、一口气 5、放在本来应放的地方 6、be related to 7、in contrast 8、归结于 9、夸；炫耀 10、值得 11、正好适宜 Keys：1、大体上 2、显著的，值得注意的 3、stand for 4、in one breath5、in place 6、涉及；把联系起来 7、相反，大不相同 8、be attributed to 9、brag about 10、be worth of 12.be (just) the ticket一一、选择填空1. Id get it for you _ I

39、could remember who last borrowed the book.A. on condition that B. now that C. except that D. considering that2. The robber told him that he had better keep silent _ he wanted to get into troubleA. if B. unless C. otherwise D. whether3. Strange _ his behavior may be, there is a very good reason for i

40、t.A. although B. even if C. that D. as4. We are worried about our son because no one is aware _ he has gone.A. the place B. of where C. about the place D. where5. The professor spoke in a loud voice _ every one of us could hear him.A. such that B. so C. so that D. such6. When he just got off the pla

41、ne, he gave us a good description of _ in Spain.A. what he had seen B. that he had seen C. which he had seen D. he had seen what7. It is fitted with a small transformer, by means of _ the voltage of the currency can be adjusted.A. whom B. which C. what D. that8. I dont know why shes looking at me _

42、she knew me. Ive never seen her before in my life.A. as B. although C. even if D. as if9. No sooner had he finished his speech _ stormy applause broke out.A. when B. then C. than D. as10. In order to save time, I _ my shopping to once a week. A. cut off B. cut out C. cut up D. cut down 11. The idea

43、has _ that science cannot be wrong. A. piled up B. picked up C. grown up D. put up 12. He did everything he could to prevent if from _ into fighting. A. breaking off B. breaking up C. breaking out D. breaking of 13. The construction of the new building will cost _ 1,000,000 dollars, and its not easy

44、 to get so much money. A. at last B. at most C. at least D. at large 14. The thief ran away as fast as he could _ the policeman. A. in sight B. within the sight of C. within sight D. at the sight of 15. For too long, European can makers have fought to _ old ways and old privileges. A. hang on to B.

45、have access to C. refer to D. see to 16. Whoever _ a full nights sleep will be more than rewarded in heightened productivity, creativity and focus. A. invests at B. invests in C. invests by D. invests with 17. Prior _ his departure, he wrote a letter to his mother. A. of B. from C. to D. in 18. The

46、company is very famous _ the high quality of its products. A. in B. for C. by D. with 19. Once he was given a chance to improve his position in the firm, he seized it _ both hands and is now on his way to the top. A. on B. at C. in D. with 二. 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最正确选项。Mrs. Kings

47、ley is a kind-hearted rich lady. She is always 1 to help the poor. When she 2 that she is in danger because of her serious 3 , she commissions委托an investigator调查者, Heffner, to 4 for her two grandsons and a granddaughter, who have been 5 from home for quite a long time because of their unpleasant 6 w

48、ith their father, in the 7 that they will come home for Christmas to enjoy the happiness of a family 8 and to achieve mutual双方的 9 again. After they are 10 one after another, none of them 11 a clear and definite statement 12 they will return before Christmas, 13 they are long estranged疏远from their fa

49、ther. 14 Mrs. Kingsley is sure that they will come. On Christmas Eve, one hour after another 15 away. Mr. Heffner, who is invited to the Christmas party, feels very 16 for Mrs Kingsley. But to Mrs. Kingsleys great 17 , after the clock strikes twelve, she raises her 18 and sees her grandchildren stan

50、ding right in front of her. The whole family are 19 again, and the father also wins back his childrens 20 understanding and sincere love.1. A. eager B. ready C. nervous D. anxious2. A. learns B. fears C. wonders D. thinks3. A. accident B. situation C. illness D. life4. A. leave B. pay C. care D. loo

51、k5. A. away B. off C. out D. taken6. A. relationship B. family C. education D. life7. A. hope B. end C. wish D. sight8. A. life B. reunion C. party D. congratulation9. A. understanding B. help C. support D. cooperation合作10. A. found B. gave C. told D. met 11. A. gets B. receives C. called D. makes12

52、. A. that B. how C. why D. whether13. A. though B. after C. if D. as14. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Besides D. However15. A. jumps B. slips C. flees D. runs16. A. pleased B. exciting C. sorry D. regret17. A. joy B. comfort C. surprise D. disappointment18. A. book B. candle C. cap D. head19. A. turned

53、 B. sent C. gathered D. went20. A. little B. less C. full D. more三、阅读理解ASpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors流星but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants t

54、o make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable可忍受的. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened遮蔽off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits

55、or the wall of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damag

56、ed; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage - a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed畸形的children or even gran

57、dchildren . Missions使命of the Apollo fights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply

58、 do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory . Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.1. According to the first paragraph,

59、the atmosphere is essential to man in that _.A. it protects him against the harmful rays from space B. it provides sufficient light for plant growthC. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival D. it screens off the falling meteors2. We know from the passage that _.A. exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal B. the effect of exposure to radiation is slaw in comingC. radiation is avoidable in space exploration D. astronauts in space suits neednt worry about