英语阅读理解

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1、ASuppose you dont need your car today. And suppose, as it happens, that a stranger in your area does need a car. Would you be willing to rent yours out?Severalcar-sharing start-ups, including Getaround, RelayRides and JustShareIt, are eager to conneccar owners with renters this way. The companies ha

2、ve different rules, but participating owners receive, generally speaking, about two-thirds of the rental earnings. RelayRides says an owner of a midsize, late-model sedan who rents out a car for 10 hours a week could expect to clear about $3,000 a year.Peer-to-peer car sharing remains in the trial s

3、tage; it can be found in San Francisco and a few other places. It has a long way to go before it becomes the auto equivalent of Airbnb, the surprise success story for peer-to-peer sharing of space in apartments and houses.Shelby Clark, founder of RelayRides, says potential investors in his company h

4、ave been concerned that owners will be afraid to hand their car over to strangers. To address that, he points to Airbnb, saying, “Letting people sleep in your living room is much more of a disturbance into your personal space than letting someone use your car.”All of these companies offer their own

5、insurance coverage for their renters, which are supposed to put ownersminds at ease. But only two statesCalifornia and Oregonhave passed laws to clarify that an owner will not suffer any consequences should a car-sharing renter have an accident.“In all the other states, legal ambiguity remains,” She

6、lby Clark says. “If a renter should be involved in a serious accident in those states, the victim can be expected to go after every party possible, including the cars owner.”Also to remove the worries of car owners, the driving records of renters are checked for recent serious violations.56. What do

7、es the underlined word “sedan” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. A kind of car. B. An owner of a car.C. A renting company. D. A car-sharing renter.57. Which of the following is true of Airbnb?A. It cares little about personal privacy.B. It deals with house-sharing successfully.C. It is a very popu

8、lar car-sharing company.D. Its ideas are being tried out in some states.58. If a car-sharing renter should have an accident in California, the cars owner .A. has to take legal responsibilityB. will not suffer the consequenceC. is not covered by health insuranceD. must pay the insurance for the rente

9、r59. According to the text, more car-owners will participate in the service, ifA. legal ambiguity is clarified in all the statesB. renters are warned not to violate traffic rulesC. more money is given to participating ownersD. people are aware of the importance of sharing BResearch by the Institute

10、of Education (IOE) in London found that men who went to single-sex schools were not only more likely to be separated from a partner or divorced, but also more likely to be depressed by middle age.The chances of women having successful marriages were not affected by whether they were educated in mixe

11、d or single-sex schools.Separate research by the IOE found that going without boys was beneficial for women in other ways since there was a statistically significant positive association between single-sex schooling and wages for women.The study into marital success interviewed 17,000 adults who wer

12、e taught in a range of schools including private boarding schools to state comprehensives.It found that single-sex education does not compromise the chances either of men or women of getting married.However, researchers found that boys educated on their own were more likely to divorce in later life.

13、While for women, there was no significant link.The research also found men taught in boys schools were more likely to suffer from depression by age 42perhaps because of their increased chances of marital breakdown.But Professor Leonards team was unable to identify why those men educated in a single-

14、sex environment were more likely to divorce.The study asked married and cohabiting couples where men had attended both single-sex and mixed schools to rate how happy they were and found no marked difference in their happiness levels or willingness to share domestic chores.Mary Boust, general secreta

15、ry of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, said the IOE research confirmed what was always suspected.All the research shows single-sex schools are good for girls but bad for boysboth in terms of academic performance and socialization, she said.Boys learn better when they are with girls and the

16、y actually learn to get on better. The findings were presented at a conference on gender in education hosted by Perse School for Girls in Cambridge.55.The researches made by the IOE indicate that _.A.school model has little influence on womens marriageB.education is the main cause of middle age depr

17、essionC.boys in single-sex schools are more likely not to get marriedD.mixed schools arc relatively better than single-sex schools56.According to the passage, the single-sex education _.A.comprises a wide range of schoolsB.has a close link with womens marriageC.influences mens chances of getting mar

18、riedD.may increase the risk of divorce for men in later life57.The underlined word cohabiting probably means _.A.living togather before getting marriedB.working together in a projectC.having the same habitD.studying in the same school58.According to the passage, Mary Boust suggests that _.A.the IOE

19、s researches were suspectedB.mixed school is a better choice for boysC.boys are better in academic performance than girlsD.mixed schools are good to boys in terms of socialization only CSomethings not quite right with the climate.While global CO2 emissions have continued to swell, the global tempera

20、ture rise has leveled off.Meanwhile, satellites and other observational tools indicate that the net heat retained by the planet has continued to increase, and that excess energy should be pushing up surface temperatures.But its not.In fact, up to half the heat energy that was expected to fuel global

21、 wanning since 2003 has gone missing.M Kevin Trenberth and John Fasullo of the National Center for Atmospheric Research ( NCAR) wonder where that heat may have goneand what it could mean for the future of the climate.One possibility is that some of our measurements could be off.Although scientists h

22、ave a lot of confidence in their ability to measure CO2 buildup and the energy balance in the atmospherethe data used in the measurements comes from multiple sources, all of which, Fasullo says, tell the same storyour data on ocean temperatures isnt as good.Keeping track of temperature over the whol

23、e oceans isnt that easy, says Fasullo.So, it is likely that the missing heat is being trapped deep in the ocean, well below the 900m to 1,500m range of our surface sensors.But despite their vastness, the deep oceans have a limit, says Fasullo, who thinks they wont behave as a heat sink over the long

24、 term.Thats not what weve seen over long time scales in the past, he says.We clearly know the ocean cant absorb the heat indefinitely.Overall, the missing heat doesnt change expectations for future climate change, because the heat wont stay missing forever.Eventually it will resurface and impact the

25、 climate system, and the recent and deceptive reprieve from rapid warming weve enjoyed will come to an expected end.When that will happen is unknown, but better science can give us a clearer idea.At the end of the day, the system will come back to balance, and that suggests temperature will end up i

26、ncreasing, says Fasullo.So its still up to us to do something about it.59.From the first paragraph, we can see that _.A.surface temperature is pushing up day by dayB.satellites and other observational tools are not accurateC.there is no great increase in surface temperature at presentD.global CO2 em

27、issions have made the planet warmer as expected60.According to Fasullos report, we can conclude that _.A.the measurements of heats in ocean may not be exactB.the global temperture rise has dropped downC.it still needs higher technical tools for measuring missing heatD.scientists have enough confiden

28、ce in measuring CO2 emissions61.Where is the missing heat likely to hide, as Fasullo expects?A.It may hide in our natural environment.B.It has sunk into ocean over the long term.C.It may be absorbed by large number of forests.D.It may be absorbed by deep ocean temporarily.62.What can we learn from t

29、he last paragraph?A.Protecting our environment is necessary.B.The missing heat some day will affect our climate.C.The missing heat can make us relaxed in long term.D.the government should take measures to lessen CO2 emissions.DThe lakes also moderate seasonal temperatures to some degree, by absorbin

30、g heat to cool the air in summer and then slowly giving out that heat in autumn. This function of the lakes protects the autumn against frost, and it also keeps the summer time temperatures cooler than further inland. This temperature buffering(缓冲)produces areas known as fruit belts”，where fruits ty

31、pically grown farther south can be produced. That is why some southern fruits like apples ，cherries and grapes can be found in western Michigan near the lake shore as far north as the Grand Traverse Bay. The eastern shore of Lake Michigan and the southern shore of Lake Erie have many wine makers as

32、a result of this.However ,the lake effect has been found to be related to the occurrence of bad weather. For example, fogs are often formed over medium-sized areas along the shorelines of the lakes. This is most noticeable along Lake Superiors shores ，due to its coastal climate. A case in point is H

33、urricane Hazel in 1954，and tornadoes in Michigan and Ontario in 2007. Such evidence shows that the lake effect may help strengthen storms.68.What result does the lake effect bring to the eastern shore? _.A. Seasonal winds B. Warmer wet air C. Mild weather D. Heavy snowfalls69.The underlined word mod

34、erate in the 2nd paragraph probably means u_”.A. hold B. limit C. balance D. raise70.Some typical southern fruits grow well in western Michigan because_.A there is no frost in autumn B. it has a cool summer thereC. it has a fairly mild climate D. there are many wine makers71.We can know from the pas

35、sage that _.A. frosts often occur along the shores B. coastal areas are likely to be snowyC, storms strengthen the lake effect D. bad weather can be caused by the lake effect. ECould smells affect your lifespan? Female fruit flies rid of the ability to smell food outlive their peers.The sense of sme

36、ll may be linked to the cellular ageing process in many other organismseven people.A link has recently been found between sensory experiences and lifespan in both worms and flies.For example, Scott Pletcher, a biologist at the University of Michigan, found that eliminating (消除) fruit flies ability t

37、o smell enabled them to live nearly 20 percent longer than flies with an intact sense of smell.Pletchers team reasoned that food smells were the ones most likely to affect ageing, as nutrition and longevity are known to be linked in many organisms.To test the idea that food odors affect lifespan, Pl

38、etchers team eliminated flies ability to smell carbon dioxide, which is produced by some fly foods.They left the rest of the smelling system intact.This intervention had no effect on male flies, but the females lived 30 percent longer than normal.Pletcher thinks eliminating the ability to smell CO2

39、may deprive flies of information about food availability.This could signal to cells that food is scarce, causing processes that promote survival.Indeed, his team found that the CO2 -insensitive female flies stored extra fat and that both males and females immune to CO2 were more resistant to stress

40、than normal flies.Pletcher isnt sure why the change in his fruit flies only affected the lifespan of the females, but he suggests that females may simply be more sensitive to the odor of CO2.A smell or taste that stretches lifespan in humans could be a potential preventative for age-related disease,

41、 he adds.Although in fruit flies it appears to be the smell of CO2 that affects ageing, he says that an analogue in humans might be a smell or taste linked to human foodor a lack of it.Matt Kaeberlein studies ageing at the University of Washington in Seattle.He cautions that we dont know whether age

42、ing and smell are linked in mammals.But we definitely undergo physiological changes in response to smelling foodIm getting hungry just thinking about itso I think its possible.67.The purpose of the study by Scott Pletcher is to _.A.show there is the best way to make lifespan longerB.tell us we shoul

43、d eliminate our smell ability to live longC.show the sense of smell can affect the cellular ageing processD.explain female fruit flies without ability to smell odor can live longer68.Pletchers team does some researches to prove _.A.the immune system of flies to chemicalsB.the links between nutrition

44、 and longevityC.the importance of food odors to our humansD.the connections between food odors and lifespan69.According to the results of Pletchers study, we can see that _.A.male flies in general can live longer than female fliesB.flies without ability to smell is inspired to find food in another w

45、ayC.both male and female flies can live longer without the ability to smellD.flies without ability to smell can also get information about food availability70.Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?A.Female flies are insensitive to CO2.B.Smells could affect humans lifespan.C.The sense of smell is vital to humans health.D.Female fmit flies can live longer than male flies.