名词的用法精心整理供参考

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1、蕿语法：名词的用法一、二、 薅名词的分类蚃名词可分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。艿名词的种类肇America 美国，Shanghai 上海，the Great Wall 长城，Jenney (珍妮) 莄the United Nations 联合国，the Communist Party of China 中国共产党 螂doctor 医生，teacher 老师，orange 桔子，desk 课桌 蚀Police 警察，people 人民，family 家庭，army 军队 class 同学蝿Time 时间fun 玩笑，kindness 善意，idea 主意，youth 青春 ， love 爱 ，

2、knowledge 知识莇studying doing swimming袂rice 大米，water 水，fire 火，air 空气 肁1. 普通名词：某类人或事物的名称或者指某种抽象概念。在所有名词中占大多数。芇如：a book a driver a house膆1）个体名词 羂个体名词有复数形式，如：weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an连用，如：a week, a problem, an old man. 蒂2）集体名词 罿集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，下面是一些常见的集体名词： 袅family（家，家庭） army（军队） company（公司；全体船员） enemy（

3、敌人） government（政府） 羂group（小组，团体） public（公众） team（队；组） police（警方） 袃集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待。莇His family large.羈His family all music lovers.肂Our company sending him to work in Berlin. 我们公司将派他去柏林工作。 肀The police looking for him. 警察正在找他。 袁Almost every family in the village a television. a. have b. having c. h

4、as d . have to 葿All my family swimming 我全家都喜欢游泳 a. like b,likes c. likeing d. like to羄3）物质名词 芃物质名词指无法分为个体的东西，我们学过的常见的物质名词有： 蚃beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, woo

5、d, wool等。 芈4）抽象名词 肄抽象名词主要表示一些抽象概念，一般不可数，因此没有复形，前面也一般不加不定冠词a/an。age, anger, beauty, childhood, death, duty, fear, fun, happiness, health, help, history, industry, joy, labour, love, luck, music, nature, peace, pleasu 蚄1. They dont have to do _ today. 肀A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homewo

6、rk D. much homeworks 肆2. The blouse is made of _. 膄A. a wool B. these wood C. wools D. wool肄3. _ comes from sheep and some people like eating it. 螂A. Wool B. Pork C. Mutton D. Milk 聿2.专有名词：指一个人或事物所特有的名称，具体的地点、人物、机构、国家和地区等。芄如：China Newton London等膁二、名词的数芀名词单数变复数具体规则如下：袈1. 规则变化芄一般名词后加s； 如：boyboys, penp

7、ens等；薂举例：羂A school (一个学校)- (多个学校） brother (一个兄弟)- (多个兄弟）薇book (一本书)- (多本书) flower (一支花)- (多支花）蚇map(一张地图)- (多张地图) bag (一个书包)- (多个书包)羃desk (一个书桌)- (多个书桌)hour (一小时)- (多个小时）蒀girl (一个女孩)- (多个女孩) teacher (一个老师)- (多个老师)蚀doctor (一个医生)- (多个医生) student (一个学生)- (多个学生) 螇以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在词尾加es. 如：classclasses, 但st

8、omach的复数为stomaches.莄class (一个班级)- (多个班级) dish (一个盘子)- (多个盘子) 膂church (一个教堂)- (多个教堂) box (一个盒子)- (多个盒子）荿bus (一辆公共汽车)- (多辆公共汽车) watch (一个表)- (多个表)袇brush (一个刷子)- (多个刷子) match (一根火柴)- (多根火柴) 螅以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变为i，再加es. 如：babybabies.薀party (一个聚会)- (多个聚会) factory (一个工厂)- (多个工厂)膈family (一个家庭)- (多个家庭) country (

9、一个国家)- (多个国家)羇baby (一个小孩)- (多个小孩) city (一个城市)- (多个城市）袂university (一个大学)- (多个大学)芁以f或fe结尾的名词把f或fe改为v，再加es. 如：knifeknives, halfhalves, 羇leafleaves, wolfwolves.羇以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，如：tomatotomatoes; 无生命的加s，如：photophotos 芃1. turn green in spring a.leaf b. leave c, leaves d, leafs蝿2 are very useful to pupils

10、a. radio b. radios c. radioes d. a radio 罿一般名词复数复习肇一般名词复数构成法蚃构成法蒁例词螈Book-books, day-days, desk-desks膇class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes肄city-cities, country-countries, factory-factories 罿leaf-leaves, wife-wives, life- lives, thief-thieves, knife-knivies, half-halves, shelf-shelves

11、薇hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes芇brother - _book - _flower - _class-_ 芁dish -_church-_box-_bus-_ 蚁watch -_party - _ factory - _knife_, 芆half_, family-_country- _baby -_ 莆leaf_, wolf_.city - _university - _ 蚂match -_map-_ hour -_doctor -_ brush - _ 2.3. 聿不规则变化荿man-men (男人

12、) woman-women (女人) foot-feet (脚) 蒆child-children (儿童) tooth-teeth (牙) mouse-mice (老鼠)肃ox-oxen(牛)goose-geese (鹅) basis-bases (基础)policeman-policemen(警察)袁某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法肈构成法薆例词蒄变内部元音艿词尾加(r)en袇单复数同形薆有些名词用于某一些含义时通常只有复数形式袅有些名词是单数形式，但一般作复数对待羀1.变内部元音的单词：常见的主要有manmen womanwomen footfeet袀 mousemice toothteet

13、h蚆注意：与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women.羁The are operating him on his leg A.B. 蚂woman doctor b. women doctor c. woman doctors d.women doctors蚈2.词尾加ren 的复数形式childchildren 螆3.单复数同形的名词，deer，sheep，fish， work, Chinese，Japanese莂The farmer has ten 膀a. sheeps b. deers c. cows d. chicken蒇集合名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数

14、，如：people、police、cattle 等本身就是复数，想说一个人，一个警察，一头牛，不能说a people a police a cattle但可以说：袆a person，a policeman，a head of cattle，螃Almost every family in the village a television.袂a. have b. having c. has d . have to 膆All my family swimming 我全家都喜欢游泳羆a. like b,likes c. likeing d. like to膄4.复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：good

15、goods货物，waterwaters水域，sweetsweets(糖果)等，比如electrical goods 电器商品. a goods train铁路货车等等。莀The English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。艿如：The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。如：肅an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the

16、Bowmans. 莁li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin肂但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：羈a dollar，two dollars；a meter，two meters膅4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：螂a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。芆b. news是不可数名词。蒃c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。羁The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。衿d

17、. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。羈“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.薆是一本非常有趣的故事书。肁5） 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses（眼镜）、trousers芀若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）；suit（套）；a pair of glasses；two pairs of trousers莅名称 总称(谓语用复数）一个人 两个人莅中国人the Chinesea Chinese two Chinese肁瑞士人the Swissa Swiss two Swiss蚀澳大利亚

18、人the Australiansa Australian two Australians 膇俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians肃意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians膁希腊人the Greek a Greektwo Greeks螇法国人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen薅日本人the Japanesea Japanese two Japanese袂美国人the Americansan Americantwo Americans芁印度人the Indiansan Indian two

19、 Indians芈加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadian two Canadians芇德国人the Germansa Germanstwo Germans袅英国人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen莀瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes虿( )1. I met two in the street yesterday morning.螅 A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese蚄( )2. There are four_and two_in the group.

20、蒀 A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen肀 C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans蒇选择填空： 蒃1. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. 薀A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 蒁2. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. 羅A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 蒆3. Id like to

21、have a glass of milk and _. 蚀A. two breads B. two pieces of breads 薈C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 蚇4. Many _ are singing over there. 芅A. woman B. women C. girl D. child 蚀5. He bought _. 罿A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes 莈C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 羄6. Mr. White

22、 has three _. 螀A. child B. children C. childs D. childrens 荿7. Beijing is one of the biggest _ in the world. 螆A. citys B. city C. cityes D. cities 螂8. -Are these _? - No, they arent. Theyre _. 袀A. sheep, cows B. sheep, cow C. sheeps, cow D. sheeps, cows 螀9. There are many _ in the fridge. 薈A. fish B

23、. fruit C. eggs D. bread 螅10. Here are _ for you, Sue. 羀A. potatos B. some C. three tomatos D. some tomato 袇11. I met some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. 羆A. Janpaneses B. American C. Chineses D. English 薄12. There are two _ in the room. 聿A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelfes D. shelves芈1

24、3. There are seven _ in a week. 蚈A. years B. months C. days D. minutes 莃14. My father is a _. He works in a hospital. 莃A. teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. writer 虿15. Its very cold today. Why dont you put on your _? 羈A. watch B. shirt C. sweater D. glasses 膈16. - Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, Im from _

25、. 芅A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D. American, America 袂数词加名词作定语时，常采用数词+单数名词形式，如：a two-week holiday, an 8-year old girl, 蚀另一种常见的形式有：five minutes walk, two days leave等。羇1. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office. 莅A. 20 minutes walks B. 20 minutes walk C. 20-minutes

26、walk D. 20-minute walk芃2. Mr. Green has lived in the _ hotel since he came to China.膈A. five-star B. five-stars C. five stars D. five stars 蚆另外被man或woman修饰的名词变复数时，man和woman放在另一个名词前面，则两个 蒅名词都要变复数。如：蒀a man doctortwo men doctors, a woman teachertwo women teachers 袀由-man和-woman构成的合成词，即man和woman放在另一名词后，则

27、只把man和woman变为复数即可。如： 蒅EnglishwomanEnglishwomen, policemanpolicemen，薅注意：German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans.袁woman _ man _ German _ policeman _ 芇kilo _ potato _ Chinese _ shelf _ 薈man doctor_ woman teacher_ Japanese _ leaf _ 蚅American _ tooth _ ox_goose_ 节foot _ sheep _ half _ child _ 罿mouse_ deer _ boy studen

28、t _ girl student_芆There are five in our factory.蚅 A. woman driver B. women driver C. woman drivers D. women drivers 蚂三、不可数名词的表达蒇不可数名词没有复数形式，要表示不可数名词的数量，可以用以下两种方法：肅用much, a little, a lot of/ lots of, some, any 等修饰不可数名词；螅可用表示单位的词修饰不可数名词，如：a piece of paper, two pieces of paper, 蝿a bottle of orange, a g

29、lass of juice, three bags of rice.腿单项选择袄( )1. John bought for himself yesterday.袅 A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoe膀( )2. She needs .蚇 A. a glass water B. two glasses of water C. two glasses of waters D. two waters袇( )3. The boys have got_already.羄 A. t

30、wo bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread薁( )4. The old man wants_.荿 A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples蚆四、名词所有格肄名词的格羂1. 表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加s, 如：my fathers study.薃2. 加s的规则：膁以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在名词后加. 如：the teachers r

31、eading room;袀不以s结尾的复数名词所有格要加s. 如：the womens shoes; 腿如果一样东西为两人所共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加s；芅如果不是共有的，则两个名词后面都要加s.膄1. _ room is next to their parents. 羀A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan芆3.表示无生命的东西，一般用of+名词的结构。如：a map of China.羆( )1. The post office is a bit far from here. It

32、is about .羃 A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk肀 C. thirty minutess walk D. thirty minutes walk蚆( )2. Will you please show me the way to the shop?蒄 A. shoe B. shoes C. shoes D. shoes蚁( )3. _ room is on the 5th floor. 膀A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lilys C. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys

33、 肇名词综合练习1：膆1 . 找出可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：蒀homework _ half _ advice_ money _膀knowledge _ boot _ blood _ music _蒈chicken _ heat _ mouth _ bread _薄information _ milk _ cow _ tear _蒃Beef _ chicken_sheep_ wish_艿2. 写出下列名词的复数形式： 薅1. house _ 2. village _ 3. map _ 莆4. orange _ 5. bag _ 6. exercise _ 节7. bru

34、sh _ 8. family _ 9. bus _ 荿10. city _ 11. box _ 12. baby _ 羆13. class _ 14. factory _ 15. glass _ 螄16. dictionary _ 17. watch _ 18. woman _ 肁19. match _ 20. man _ 21. wish _ 葿22. German _ 23. tomato _ 24. policeman _ 莇25. kilo _ 26. human _ 27. potato _ 蒆28. Chinese _ 29. shelf _ 30. Japanese _ 肄31.

35、 leaf _ 32. American _33. life _ 蕿34. tooth _ 35. wife _ 36. foot _ 螈37. knife _ 38. sheep _ 39. half _ 羄40. child _ 袃3. 选择填空：虿1The deer has four _. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots腿2Her two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens蚅3There are four _ and two _ in th

36、e group.蚂A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans蝿4Two _ would come to the village. 莅A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors肃5Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse莀6The _ has two _. 蝿A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, w

37、atches D. boys, watch螆7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed. 袅A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths蒃8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study. 衿A. woman B. women C. man D. men膇9There are lots of _ in the basket on the table. 肅A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. t

38、omatoss羄10. The cat caught two _ last night. 螁A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices莀4、用所给名词的适当形式填空。螇1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill? 螃2. There is some_(food) in the basket.袁3. The baby has only two_(tooth) now. 螁4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle.芅5. There are five_(people ) in his f

39、amily. 螆6. Lets take_(photo), OK?羀7. I have lots of_(tomato) here. 袈8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.羇9. The_(child) are playing games on the playground now. 薅10. Their_(dictionary) look new.肀11. I see you have a few white_(hair). 艿12. They are_(woman) doctors.虿13. Can you give me some bottles

40、of _ (orange), please? 莄14. There are many_(fox) in the picture.膀15. I would like some apple_(juice). I am very thirsty.蚀名词综合练习2：膇一、写出下列名词的复数形式。肃1、orange 2、class 3、text 膀4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 肁7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 衿10、family 11、toy 12、foot 膆13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 芀16、army 17、tomato 18、f

41、ox 芇19、woman 20、knife 22、shee 芆18. man doctor 19. woman nurse 20. girl students 袄二、翻译下列词组。莀五袋大米 _ 蚈八只脚 _ 肈三瓶果汁 _ 蚃我的自行车_ 螄教师节 _ 聿妇女节 _ 蒆二张纸 _ 蚆四个男医生 _ 螄四十个女警察_ 蒀十二把小刀 _ 膈九个德国人 _ 蒅一副世界地图_ 虿Helen的朋友 _ 薇双胞胎的妈妈_ 莂三、单项选择羀( )1. John bought for himself yesterday.蝿 A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe

42、蚄C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoe肄( )2. What would you like to have for lunch, sir? 蝿 Id like .蝿 A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken肅( )3. There are five in our factory.薂 A. woman driver B. women driver 螂 C. woman drivers D. women drivers衿( )4. The post office is a bit far from

43、here. It is about .蒆 A. thirty minutess walk B. thirty minutes walk芃 C. thirty minutess walk D. thirty minutes walk薁( )5. turn yellow in autumn.罿 A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs袆( )6. Will you please show me the way to the shop?螁 A. shoe B. shoes C. shoes D. shoes荿 ( )8. His family a happy one.聿

44、 A. be B. are C. is D. was( )9. I met two in the street yesterday morning. A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese( )10. She needs . A. a glass water B. two glasses of water C. two glasses of waters D. two waters ( )11. There_some_ in the river. A. is, fish B. are, fishes C. is, fishes D. are, fish ( )12. There are four_and two_in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans( ) 13. Thatan_art book. A. an B.a C. the D. are( )14. The boys have got_already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two pi