2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考前模拟强化练习题89（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Behaviors that we do not understand often become nearly invisibleeven when, in retrospect, we see how truly strange they are.When I was a psychiatric resident, we had a faculty member who was famous for his messy office: stacks of papers and old journals covered

2、 every chair and table as well as much of the floor. One day, as I walked past the open office door with one of my supervisors, he murmured mildly, “Odd duck.” And that was as far as anyone seemed to reflect on this peculiar state of affairs within an institution staffed by psychiatrists. Eventually

3、, the faculty member had to be given another office in which to see patients.Not surprisingly, the psychiatric diagnostic manual does not list “messy room” in the index. But it does mention a symptom: inability “to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value.” It c

4、omes under the diagnosis obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, an obscure cousin of the more famous obsessive-compulsive disorder.I was barely aware of the diagnosis. Every era has mental disorders that for cultural or scientific reasons become popular. In Freuds day it was hysteria. Currently,

5、 depression has moved to centre stage. But other ailments go relatively ignored, and this disorder was one.It came with a list of additional symptoms that appeared to be peculiar bedfellow: anxiety about spending money, excessive devotion to work to the exclusion of leisure activities, rigidity abou

6、t following rules, perfectionism in doing tasksat times to the point of interfering with finishing them.In moderation, the symptoms seemed to fit right in with our workaholic cultureperhaps explaining the low profile of the diagnosis. Relentless work orientation and perfectionism may even be assets

7、in rule-and-detail-oriented professions like accounting or law.But when the symptoms are too intense or pervasive, they become crippling. Beneath seemingly adaptive behaviors lies a central disability. People with this diagnosis have enormous difficulty making decisions. They lack the internal sense

8、 of completion that most of us experience at the end of a choice or a task, even one as simple as throwing something out or making a purchase. In obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, this feeling occurs only after endless deliberation and revision, if at all.The need to come up with the “corre

9、ct” answer, the best purchase or the perfect proposal leads to excess rumination over each decision. It can even lead to complete paralysis. For such people, rules of all kinds are a godsendthey represent pre-made decisions, open-ended assignments, like writing papers, are nightmares.For such a pati

10、ent or for a psychiatrist, understanding a cluster of diagnostic symptoms can be a revelation. The picture leaps out from the previously disorganized background. But undoubtedly, at times we can become too reductionistic, seeing patterns where none exist: sometimes a messy room is just a messy room.

11、6. Which of the following best describes peoples attitude towards the faculty member?7. The popular mental disorder of current time, according to the author, is _.8. The reason why symptoms of the “obsessive-compulsive disorder” go unnoticed is that _.9. Rules are godsend to persons with the obsessi

12、ve-compulsive personality disorder because _.10. From the last paragraph we can see that the authors view is that _.问题1选项A.They disliked him, and thats why he got his separate room to see patients.B.They thought he is a little strange, but didnt pay much attention to his behavior.C.They were interes

13、ted in his behavior, as they were all psychiatrists.D.They thought he had some mental retardation.问题2选项A.hysteriaB.depressionC.messinessD.obsessive-compulsive disorder问题3选项A.they are highly thought of in according to lawB.some of the mild symptoms fit in with a workaholic cultureC.they have a low pr

14、ofileD.they take a long time to become intense or pervasive问题4选项A.they do not involve decision makingB.they are open-ended assignmentsC.they lead to complete paralysisD.they are made by others问题5选项A.a messy room is just a messy roomB.a messy room is an indication of the obsessive-compulsive personal

15、ity disorderC.psychiatrists should pay attention to a messy roomD.psychiatrists should see patterns of seemingly disorganized behaviors, but shouldnt be too reductionistic【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】6. 【选项释义】Which of the following best describes peoples attitude towards the faculty member? 下列哪项

16、最好地描述了人们对那位同事的态度？A. They disliked him, and thats why he got his separate room to see patients. A. 他们不喜欢他，所以他才有单独的房间去看病。B. They thought he is a little strange, but didnt pay much attention to his behavior. B. 他们觉得他有一点儿奇怪，但是没有太注意他的行为。C. They were interested in his behavior, as they were all psychiatri

17、sts. C. 他们对他的行为感兴趣，因为他们都是精神病医生。D. They thought he had some mental retardation. D. 他们认为他有智力障碍。【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词peoples attitude towards the faculty member定位到原文第2段。本段第3句提到作者和他的一位同事“路过那个医生的房间时，这个同事说（he murmured mildly）奇怪的家伙（Odd duck）”，并且第4句说“在一个由精神科医生组成的机构里，这似乎是所有人对这种奇特状况的反映（that was as far as an

18、yone seemed to reflect）。”由此可知，人们都觉得这个医生的行为很奇怪，但他们对这种行为的反应也仅限于说一句奇怪而已，B选项“他们觉得他有一点儿奇怪，但是没有太关注他的行为”，符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“他们不喜欢他，所以他才有单独的房间去看病”，虽然原文第2段最后一句提到“最后，不得不另外给这名医生分配一间诊室看病（had to be given another office in which to see patients）”，但是原文并没有说之所以这么做是因为人们不喜欢他，并且原文也没有说人们不喜欢他，只是说觉得他奇怪，该选项属于过度推理；C选项“他们对他的行为感

19、兴趣，因为他们都是精神病医生”，原文提到人们的反应也不过是说一句奇怪而已，说明人们对他的行为不感兴趣，该选项属于曲解原文；D选项“他们认为他有智力障碍”，原文并未提及，该选项属于无中生有。7. 【选项释义】The popular mental disorder of current time, according to the author, is _. 据作者介绍，目前流行的精神障碍是_。A. hysteria A. 癔症B. depression B. 抑郁症C. messiness C. 混乱D. obsessive-compulsive disorder D. 强迫症【考查点】事实细节

20、题【解题思路】根据题干关键词The popular mental disorder of current time定位到原文第4段。本段第2句提到“每个时代都有因文化或科学原因而流行的精神障碍（mental disorders）。”另外，本段倒数第2句提到“目前（Currently），抑郁症（depression）已成为人们关注的焦点。”由此可知，B选项“抑郁症”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“癔症”，可定位到原文第4段第3句，该句提到“在弗洛伊德的时代（In Freuds day），这是癔症（hysteria）。”由此可知，癔症是弗洛伊德时代流行的精神疾病，而不是现在，该选项属于张冠李戴；C

21、选项“混乱”原文并未提及，该选项属于无中生有；D选项“强迫症”，虽然原文第3段提到了强迫性人格障碍（obsessive-compulsive personality disorder），但是第4段最后一句说到这是现在“被忽视的（relatively ignored）疾病之一”，因此，该选项表述错误，属于曲解原文。8. 【选项释义】The reason why symptoms of the “obsessive-compulsive disorder” go unnoticed is that _. “强迫症”的症状没有被注意到的原因是_。A. they are highly thought

22、of in according to law A. 根据法律它们评价很高B. some of the mild symptoms fit in with a workaholic culture B. 一些轻微的症状符合工作狂的文化C. they have a low profile C. 这些症状不引人注目D. they take a long time to become intense or pervasive D. 它们需要很长时间才会变得强烈或普遍【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词obsessive-compulsive disorder和go unnoticed定位到原

23、文第4段最后一句，该句提到“强迫症在当今时代被忽略了”。接下来的第5-6段对此进行了进一步介绍。第6段第1句提到“适度地情况下（in moderation），这些症状似乎符合我们的工作狂文化（fit right in with our workaholic culture）这也许可以解释为什么该症状的诊断不那么引人注目”，由此可知，强迫症不那么引人注目可能是因为在适度的时候，符合工作狂的文化，B选项“一些轻微的症状符合工作狂的文化”表述正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“根据法律它们评价很高”，原文第6段最后一句提到“不懈的工作导向和完美主义甚至可能是会计或法律等注重规则和细节的职业（in rule-

24、and-detail-oriented professions like accounting or law）的资产。”由此可知，原文指的是在法律行业，轻度的强迫症会被认为是优势，并不是说法律要求给强迫症很高的评价，该选项属于偷换概念；C选项“这些症状不引人注目”，这是“它不受关注”的另一种说法，而不是原因；D选项“它们需要很长时间才会变得强烈或普遍”，原文并未提及，该选项属于无中生有。9. 【选项释义】Rules are godsend to persons with the obsessive-compulsive personality disorder because _. 规则是强迫

25、症患者天赐的礼物，因为_。A. they do not involve decision making A. 它们不涉及决策B. they are open-ended assignments B. 它们是开放式作业C. they lead to complete paralysis C. 它们会导致完全瘫痪D. they are made by others D. 它们是别人制定的【考查点】事实细节题【解题思路】根据题干关键词Rules are godsend定位到原文第8段最后一句，该句提到“对这些人来说，各种各样的规则都是天赐的礼物它们代表着预先做出的决定”，由此可知，规则代表着预先做出

26、的决定。第8段第1句提到“需要想出正确的答案，最好的购买或完美的建议导致对每个决定的过度思考（excess rumination over each decision）。”由此可知，强迫症患者不擅长做决定。综上所述，因为规则是已经做好的决定，所以对于不擅长做决定的人来说是天赐的礼物。因此，A选项“它们不涉及决策”表述正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“它们是开放式作业”，可定位到原文第8段最后一句，该句提到，对强迫症患者来说，“开放式作业（open-ended assignments），比如写论文，都是噩梦（nightmares）。”由此可知，首先规则并不是开放式的作业；其次，开放式的作业对强迫症患者

27、来说并不是天赐的礼物，反而是他们不擅长的，该选项属于曲解原文；C选项“它们会导致完全瘫痪”，可定位到第8段第2句，该句提到“它甚至会导致完全瘫痪。”但是联系前一句可知，“它”指的是“需要想出正确的答案，最好的购买或完美的建议”，即对完美的追求，而不是“规则”，该选项属于张冠李戴；D选项“它们是别人制定的”，原文并未提及，该选项属于无中生有。10. 【选项释义】From the last paragraph we can see that the authors view is that _. 从最后一段我们可以看出作者的观点是_。A. a messy room is just a messy

28、room A. 凌乱的房间就是凌乱的房间B. a messy room is an indication of the obsessive-compulsive personality disorder B. 房间凌乱是强迫症的表现C. psychiatrists should pay attention to a messy room C. 精神科医生应该注意凌乱的房间D. psychiatrists should see patterns of seemingly disorganized behaviors, but shouldnt be too reductionistic D. 精

29、神科医生应该看到看似混乱的行为模式，而不应该过于简单化【考查点】推理判断题【解题思路】根据题干关键词last paragraph定位到原文最后一段。本题询问的是作者的观点，应该与本文的主旨相关，本文的话题是强迫症。本段第1句提到“对于这样的病人或精神病医生来说，理解一系列诊断症状可能是一种启示。”而本段最后一句指出，“但是有时我们可能变得过于简化，看到一些不存在的模式：有时一个凌乱的房间就是一个凌乱的房间。”由此可知，作者认为，精神科医生应该“理解一系列诊断症状”，但是在这个过程中不要“过于简化”，D选项“精神科医生应该看到看似混乱的行为模式，而不应该过于简单化”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项

30、“凌乱的房间就是凌乱的房间”。虽然文章最后一句提到“有时一个凌乱的房间就是一个凌乱的房间”，但是该选项与文章主题无关，“凌乱的房间”只是作者用来引出话题的一个事例，也就是说它只是一个例子，该选项属于本末倒置；B选项“房间凌乱是强迫症的表现”，通读全文可知，强迫症患者的特点是有序和注重规则，“房间凌乱”不是强迫症的表现，该选项属于曲解全文；C选项“精神科医生应该注意凌乱的房间”，本文的主题是强迫症，“凌乱的房间”只是作者用来引出话题的一个事例，该选项属于本末倒置。2. 单选题She is a very _ student. Shes always talking about traveling

31、to outer space.问题1选项A.imaginaryB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imagining【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析与上下文语义。A选项imaginary“虚构的，想象的”；B选项imaginative“富有想象力的；有创造力的”；C选项imaginable“可能的；可想象的”；D选项imagining“想象，动词imagine的现在分词形式”。句意：她是一个非常_的学生。她总是说要去外太空旅行。根据她经常谈论的内容推断，她是一个充满想象力的学生，B选项最符合句意。因此，本题最佳选项为B。3. 单选题We all buy things on t

32、he _ of the moment; this is what the retail trade calls an “impulse” buy.问题1选项A.urgeB.forceC.spurD.rush【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. urge 强烈欲望 B. force 武力；力量C. spur （on the of the moment）心血来潮 D. rush 匆忙【考查点】固定搭配与名词辨析【解题思路】后文提到“这就是零售业所说的”，这是对前一句话的补充，根据其中“冲动购买（impulse buy）”可知，前文“我们都是在_时候购物”表述的是“我们一时冲动就购物”。短语on th

33、e spur of the moment“一时冲动之下；心血来潮”为固定搭配，因此，C选项spur“（on the of the moment）心血来潮”为正确选项。【干扰项排除】A选项urge“强烈欲望”，不符合原句语义；B选项force“武力；力量”，不符合原句语义；D选项rush“匆忙”，指做事草率，其常用搭配为rush into sth/into doing sth“匆忙做某事”。【句意】我们都是在一时冲动之下购物；这就是零售业所说的“冲动”购买。4. 单选题Technology is a two-edged sword. Rarely is this as clear as it i

34、s in the realm of health care. Technology allows doctors to test their patients for genetic defectsand then to turn around and spread the results throughout the world via the Internet. For someone in need of treatment, thats good news. But for someone in search of a job or an insurance policy, the t

35、idings can be all bad.Last week President Bill Clinton proposed a corollary to the patients bill of rights now before Congress: a right to medical privacy. Beginning in 2002, under rules set to become law in February, patients would be able to stipulate the conditions under which their personal medi

36、cal data could be divulged. Then would be able to examine their records and make corrections. They could learn who else had seen the information. Improper use of records by a caregiver or insurer could result in both civil and criminal penalties. The plan was, said Clinton, “an unprecedented step to

37、ward putting Americans back in control of their own medical records.”While the administration billed the rules as an attempt to strike a balance between the needs of consumers and those of the health-care industry, neither doctors nor insurance companies were happy. The doctors said the rules could

38、actually erode privacy, pointing to a provision allowing managed-care plans to use personal information without consent if the purpose was “health-care operations.” That, physicians said, was a loophole through which HMOs and other insurers could pry into the doctor-patient relationship, in the name

39、 of assessing the quality of care. Meanwhile, the insurers protested that the rules would make them vulnerable to lawsuits. They were especially disturbed by a provision holding them liable for privacy breaches by “business partners such as lawyers and accountants. Both groups agreed that privacy pr

40、otections would drive up the cost of health care by at least an additional $3.8 billion, and maybe much more, over the next five years. They also complained about the increased level of federal scrutiny required by the new rules enforcement provisions.One aim of the rules is to reassure patients abo

41、ut confidentiality, thereby encouraging them to be open with their doctors. Today various cancers and sexually transmitted diseases can go untreated because patients are afraid of embarrassment or of losing insurance coverage. The fear is real: Clinton aides noted that a January poll by Princeton Su

42、rvey Research Associates found that one in six U.S. adults had at some time done something unusual to conceal medical information, such as paying cash for services.51. The author begins his article with “technology is a two-edged sword” to _.52. According to the proposal made by President Clinton, p

43、atients will be able to do the following EXCEPT _.53. Doctors tend to think that the rules _.54. The example of the January poll by Princeton Survey Research Associates is used to show that _.55. From the article we can learn that _.问题1选项A.show that doctors improper use of technology can end up in b

44、ad resultsB.call on peoples attention to the potential danger technology can bring to usC.warn of the harm patients are prone to sufferD.show the advantages and disadvantages of technology问题2选项A.be open with their doctorsB.decide how to use their medical informationC.enjoy more rights to their medic

45、al recordsD.sue their insurers for improper use of their medical records问题3选项A.may ruin doctor-patient relationshipB.can do more harm than goodC.will prevent doctors from doing medical researchD.will end up in more health care cost and poorer medical service问题4选项A.a large portion of patients would r

46、ather leave their diseases untreatedB.concealing medical information is widespread in the U.S.C.American patients concealment of their medical information has become a big concernD.paying cash for medical service is a common practice among American patients问题5选项A.American government will tighten its

47、 control over the use of patients personal informationB.the new rules put insurers in a very disadvantageous positionC.doctors and insurers are both against the rules for the same reasonsD.patients are entitled to have complete control of their medical information【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】51.

48、目的意图题。题干“作者的文章以科技是一把双刃剑开始是为了_”，由此可知，本题问的是作者第1段写“科技是一把双刃剑”的目的。后文着重写技术带来的隐患医疗信息泄露的问题，第2段第1句Last week President Bill Clinton proposed a corollary to the patients bill of rights now before Congress: a right to medical privacy.（上周，克林顿总统向国会提出了病人权利法案的一个必然结果：医疗隐私权。）由此可知，作者写第1段是为了引出下文关于医疗隐私权的问题，即互联网技术可能带来的潜在

49、问题，B选项“呼吁人们注意技术可能给我们带来的潜在危险”，表述符合题意。A选项“证明医生对技术的不当使用会导致不良结果”，可定位到第1段第2句Technology allows doctors to test their patients for genetic defectsand then to turn around and spread the results throughout the world via the Internet.（技术允许医生检测他们的病人的基因缺陷，然后通过互联网将结果传遍全世界。）由此可知，科技这把双刃剑在医疗领域主要涉及医疗信息的便捷传播带来的影响，这并不

50、是医生对技术的不当使用，选项表述错误，排除；C选项“提醒病人可能遭受的伤害”，表述不正确，作者侧重将医疗隐私泄漏的问题，与harm“（故意）伤害”还是有点区别，排除；D选项“展示技术的优点和缺点”，本文作者侧重讲技术的不良影响，该选项关于表述不够准确，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为B。52.事实细节题。题干“根据克林顿总统的提议，患者还可以进行以下操作，除了_”，可定位到第2段。B选项“决定如何使用他们的医疗信息”，可定位到第2段第2句Beginning in 2002, under rules set to become law in February, patients would be ab

51、le to stipulate the conditions under which their personal medical data could be divulged.（从2002年开始，根据2月即将生效的法规，病人将有权规定透露其个人医疗资料的条件。）由此可知，患者可以规定其信息的使用条件即如何使用他们的信息，选项表述符合原文，排除；C选项“对自己的医疗记录享有更多权利”，可定位到第2段第3、4句Then would be able to examine their records and make corrections. They could learn who else ha

52、d seen the information.（然后就可以检查他们的记录并做出更正。他们就能知道还有谁看过这些信息。）由此可知，患者有了检查并更正自己记录的权利，还能知道谁看过这些信息，选项表述符合原文，排除；D选项“起诉他们的保险公司滥用他们的医疗记录”，可定位到原文第2段第5句Improper use of records by a caregiver or insurer could result in both civil a criminal penalties.（护理人员或保险公司对记录的不当使用可能导致民事或刑事处罚。）由此可知，患者有权起诉他们的保险公司滥用他们的医疗记录，选项

53、表述与原文一致，排除。A选项“对他们的医生开诚布公”，可定位到最后一段第1句One aim of the rules is to reassure patients about confidentiality, thereby encouraging them to be open with their doctors.（新规定的目的是为了让病人对自己的隐私放心，从而鼓励他们对医生开诚布公。）由此可知，鼓励患者对医生开诚布公是目的，而不是克林顿的题议，选项表述符合题意。因此，本题最佳选项为A。53.事实细节题。题干“医生倾向于认为（克林顿的）规定_”，可定位到第3段第2、3句The docto

54、rs said the rules could actually erode privacy, That, physicians said, was a loophole through which HMOs and other insurers could pry into the doctor-patient relationship, （医生们认为，这些规定实际上可能会侵犯隐私，医生们认为，这是一个漏洞，医疗保健机构(HMO)和其他保险公司窥探医患关系）由此可知，医生认为规定的弊端更明显，B选项“弊大于利”表述符合原文。A选项“可能会破坏医患关系”表述错误，不是会破坏医患关系，而是保险公

55、司可能会窥探医患关系，排除；C选项“会阻止医生进行医学研究”、D选项“最终会导致更多的医疗费用和更差的医疗服务”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为B。54.目的意图题。题干“关于普林斯顿调查委员会1月份民调的例子是用来表明_”，可定位到最后一段。最后一段，第1句内容：这些规定的目的之一是让病人对自己的隐私放心，从而鼓励他们对医生开诚布公；第2句内容：各种癌症和性传播疾病都可能得不到治疗，因为患者害怕尴尬或失去保险。最后一句即这个例子：The fear is real: Clinton aides noted that a January poll, such a paying cash

56、for services.（这种担忧是真实存在的：克林顿的助手指出，普林斯顿调查研究协会今年1月进行的一项调查发现，六分之一的美国成年人曾做过一些不同寻常的事情来隐瞒医疗信息，比如用现金购买医疗服务。）由此可知，患者因为害怕尴尬或失去保险，而隐瞒病情，导致有些特殊疾病得不到治疗（这是一个问题），而民调的这个例子说明，美国人中这种害怕真实存在，即有很多美国人这么做，C选项“在美国，病人对医疗信息的隐瞒已经成为一个大问题”，表述符合原文。A选项“很多病人宁愿不治疗他们的疾病”，表述错误，患者们不是宁愿不治疗，而是害怕尴尬或失去保险，排除；干扰选项B“隐瞒医疗信息在美国很普遍”，表述不完整，不仅仅是

57、隐瞒医疗信息很普遍，更重要的是隐瞒这些信息导致各种癌症和性传播疾病可能得不到治疗，排除；D选项“在美国病人中，用现金支付医疗服务是一种常见的做法”，这只是民调中的一个例子，不是作者写这个民调的目的，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为C。55.判断推理题。A选项“美国政府将加强对患者个人信息使用的控制”，可定位到第2段第1句Last week President Bill Clinton proposed a corollary to the patients bill of rights now before Congress: a right to medical privacy.（上周，克林顿总统

58、向国会提出了病人权利法案的一个必然结果：医疗隐私权。）由此可知，美国政府计划通过新的法案加强对医疗隐私权的规定，根据法案内容可知，规定都是关于医疗信息使用的。选项表述符合原文。B选项“新规定使保险公司处于非常不利的地位”，可定位到原文第3段第4句the insurers protested that the rules would make them vulnerable to lawsuits.（保险公司抗议说，这些规定将使他们容易受到诉讼。）第5句They were especially disturbed by a provision holding them liable for pr

59、ivacy breaches by “business partners such as lawyers and accountants.（他们尤其感到不安的是，有一项条款要求他们对律师和会计师等“商业伙伴”的隐私侵犯负责。）由此可知，新规定对保险公司的行为增加了限制，但这是为了规范他们的行为，保护隐私权，不能证明保险公司处于不利地位，除非这家保险公司想做一些违反规定的事情。选项表述不符合原文，排除；C选项“医生和保险公司都因为同样的原因而违反规定”，可定位到原文第3段。根据这段内容可知，医生和保险公司因为一些不同的原因都对规定不满，并且都认为该规定会增加医疗保健成本，都抱怨增加政府的审查。由

60、此可知，没有依据表明他们因为相同的原因而违反规定，选项表述不符合原文，排除；D选项“患者有权完全控制自己的医疗信息”，可定位到第2段最后一句The play was, said Clinton, “an unprecedented step toward putting Americans back in control of their own medical records.”（克林顿说，这是“让美国人重新掌握自己的医疗记录的前所未有的一步”。）由此可知，这只是美国人重新掌握自己的医疗记录的一大步，还不能完全控制，选项表述错误，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为A。5. 单选题You have t

61、o pay a(n) premium for express delivery.问题1选项A.extra tipB.extra bonusC.extra chargeD.extra price【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. extra tip 额外的小费 B. extra bonus 额外的奖励C. extra charge 额外费用 D. extra price 额外价格【考查点】名词辨析【解题思路】原句的意思是如果要寄特快专递的话，就要收取额外的费用，原词premium“附加费”，C选项extra charge“额外的服务费”符合该语境。【干扰项排除】A选项extra tip“额外的小

62、费”，小费一般是给服务员的，如餐厅服务员或者理发师，为了感谢他们的服务；B选项extra bonus“额外的奖励”，原句是要收费，而不是给奖励；D选项extra price“额外价格”，侧重于指溢价，比如快递费本来是8元，但是由于疫情，快递小哥少，寄快递涨价了（假设），要10元，中间涨的2元就属于extra price“额外价格”。【句意】寄特快专递的话，你得付额外费用。6. 翻译题Passage OneA capsule hotel is a type of hotel in Japan with a large number of extremely small “rooms”.The g

63、uest space is reduced in size to a modular plastic or fiberglass block roughly 2m by 1m by 1.25m, providing room to sleep. Facilities range in entertainment offerings (most include a television, an electronic console, and wireless internet connection).These capsules are stacked side by side and two

64、units top to bottom, with steps providing access to the second level rooms. Luggage is stored in a locker, usually somewhere outside of the hotel. Washrooms are communal and most hotels include restaurants (or at least vending machines), pools, and other entertainment facilities. The benefit of these hotels is c