考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷24（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-湖北省联考考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent . （ ）, I cant speak too highly of him.问题1选项A.As a resultB.By the wayC.In a wordD.On the contrary【答案】C【解析】as a result作为结果；by the way顺便说；in a word总之，简言之；on the contrary正相反。句意：杰

2、克善良、勤奋、聪明。总之，我对他评价再高也不过分。选项C符合句意。2.单选题Meeting new people widened the young mans（ ） .问题1选项A.joysB.horizonsC.rangeD.vicinities【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知, 这里指开阔眼界。widen horizons符合句意, 选项B正确。3.单选题The police carried out an （ ）investigation, but the missing woman was not yet found.问题1选项A.exhaustingB.exhaustibleC.exha

3、ustiveD.exhausted【答案】C【解析】exhausting使精疲力竭的；exhaustible可被用尽的；exhaustive详尽的，彻底的；exhausted疲惫的，耗尽的。根据句意可知这里指彻底的调查，所以选项C符合句意。4.单选题The bandits demanded that one of the travelers should stay with them as a （ ）.问题1选项A.humanitarianB.hornC.hostD.hostage【答案】D【解析】humanitarian人道主义者, 慈善家；horn触角, 号角；host主持人；hostag

4、e人质, 抵押品。句意:歹徒要求其中一名旅客作为人质待在他们身边。选项D符合句意。5.翻译题工作使人忙碌，让人不会感到寂寞、孤独。工作给人以充实感和成就感。研究表明，人们无事可做时会感到不愉快、忧虑、孤独。相反，忙于工作的人感到最愉快。许多热爱事业、卓有成就的人感到在努力工作时最幸福。工作起到人与现实之间的桥梁作用:通过工作，人们彼此接触;通过集体活动，人们得到友谊和温暖。由此我们可以得出结论：工作能使人幸福,使人健康。【答案】Work makes one busy,makes one feel neither lonely nor solitary. Work gives one a sen

5、se of enrichment and a sense of achievement. Research indicates that people feel unhappy,concerned and solitary when they have nothing to do. On the contrary, people busy with their work feel extremely happy. Many people loving their career and having made their prominent achievements feel very happ

6、y while working hard. Work serves as a bridge between people and reality. Through work,people are able to come into contact with one another. Through collective activities, people get friendship and warmth. Thus we can reach the conclusion that work can make one happy and healthy.6.单选题In （ ）of Mr. M

7、ainwarings years of service, the company presented him with a gold watch.问题1选项A.contradictionB.appreciationC.confrontationD.apprehension【答案】B【解析】根据下文可以推测, 这是为了表达感谢, 所以选项B符合句意。7.单选题The（ ）of medical knowledge is being pushed farther onwards as time goes on问题1选项A.potentialB.multitudeC.frontierD.leap【答案

8、】C【解析】句意:随着时间的推移, 医学知识的前沿正在向前推进。只有选项C符合句意。8.单选题Wed better（ ）the whole place in case it s been bugged.问题1选项A.leave aloneB.check outC.take downD.pull down【答案】B【解析】leave alone不管, 不打扰；check out检查；take down拿下, 记下；pull down推翻, 摧毁。句意:我们最好把整个地方都检查一下, 以防被安了窃听器。选项B符合句意。9.单选题The worsening crisis at the Fukushi

9、ma Power Station in Japan has led to inevitable comparisons with the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster that killed workers at the plant instantly, caused cancers in the surrounding population and spread radioactive contamination so far that livestock restrictions are still in place at some farms aroun

10、d the Ukraine.The situation at Fukushima is certainly grave and immediately dangerous for those at the site who are fighting to make the crippled reactors and fuel storage ponds safe.But whatever warnings are now being issued by foreign governments to their citizens in Japan, there are significant d

11、ifferences that set this apart from the catastrophe in Ukraine.At Chernobyl the nuclear reactor exploded after a surge in power that blew the top off the power plant and sent hot fuel high into the upper atmosphere, where it floated across national borders. A fire that broke out in the graphite core

12、 forced more radioactive material into the air, helping it spread further. The reactor had no containment facility to even slow the release of radiation from the plant.The Fukushima boiling water reactor is a 40-year-old power plant and it has some glaring design flaws, but the reactors have been sw

13、itched off for five days, so there is less fresh radioactive material around, and each core is contained within a 20cm-thick steel container, which is then protected by a steel-lined reinforced concrete outer structure. Even in the case of a meltdown, these measures should at least limit the amount

14、of radiation released.But what of the population beyond? The risk from radiation falls off substantially with distance. The authorities have already imposed an exclusion zone of 12 miles around the power station, introduced food bans and dispensed potassium iodide pills to those in the surrounding a

15、rea.For the more distant population, the most serious radioactive substances that would be released are caesium-137 and iodine-131. These are extremely volatile, so can be carried a long way. But dangerous doses are not likely to travel far on the wind. The danger comes when radioactive iodine and c

16、aesium rain down on the ground, on the pastureland, for example, and livestock eat it. Cows concentrate radioactive iodine in their milk. Radioactive caesium accumulates in muscles, and in the past has built up in grazing sheep. The threat to humans then comes from drinking milk and eating contamina

17、ted meat. Both can raise the risk of canceriodine especially by being absorbed into childrens thyroid glands.What happened at Chernobyl, which was a much more serious accident than this, was that the local Soviet authorities were in denial, they didnt get people out of the area, they didnt evacuate

18、quickly enough, and they allowed children to continue to drink heavily contaminated milk, and as a consequence, many children received high doses of radiation to the thyroid and weve seen thousands of thyroid cancers as a consequence.1.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?2.It ca

19、n be inferred from the passage that（ ） .3.Which of the following is NOT true?4.The Chernobyl was regarded as a serious accident because（ ） .问题1选项A.Eyeing Japan, Countries Reassess Nuclear Plans.B.Lessons for Japan from the Chernobyl Catastrophe.C.Recent Events in Fukushima Evoked Worldwide Care.D.Ja

20、pans Horror Reveals How Thin Is the Edge We Live on.问题2选项A.the risk of radiation spreading wide in Japan remainsB.the health implications of leaks into the sea would be limitedC.the disaster in Japan has much effect on nuclear policy worldwideD.Japan and Ukraine took the same measures in dealing wit

21、h disaster问题3选项A.There are some obvious design defects in Fukushimas power plant.B.The radioactive substances may cause death to the distant population.C.Potassium iodide tablets can guard against some effects of radiation exposure.D.Unlike the Fukushima plant, Chernobyls reactor lacked a containmen

22、t facility.问题4选项A.people failed to adopt some effective measures to protect themselvesB.many volunteers rushed there to fight to make the crippled reactors safeC.radioactive substances could spread as far as 20 miles along with the windD.the government denied the catastrophe there still threatened p

23、eoples life【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.文章第三段指出,日本福岛核泄漏事故和乌克兰切尔诺贝利核灾难相比有显著的差异,由此可以推断,之所以差异巨大是因为日本从切尔诺贝利核灾难中汲取了教训,选项B作为标题更恰当。2.选项B和C在文中没有信息提及,所以无法推导出来; 选项D表述错误。根据第六段第二句“The risk from radiation falls off substantially with distance.”辐射的风险随着距离的越远而大大降低。由此推断,辐射在日本蔓延的风险依然存在。所以选项A符合原文。3.根据第七段的一二句可知,对于更遥远的

24、人群来说,释放出的最严重的放射性物质是铯-137和碘-131。它们极易挥发,所以可以携带很长时间。但是危险的剂量不太可能在风中传播很远。也就是说,这些放射性物质不会导致远方居民死亡。所以选项B错误。4.根据最后一段的内容可知,切尔诺贝利的事故之所以如此严重,是因为当地政府否认事故,他们没有及时让人们撤离,他们让孩子继续喝污染严重的牛奶。也就是说政府否认那里的灾难仍然威胁着人们的生命,选项D符合原文。10.单选题It has long been recognized that the immigrant generation often arrives in a new land as pion

25、eers with dreams of making a better life for themselves as well as for their children. The objectives of the first generation are relatively clear:get a job, earn money, learn a new language,if possible,offer an education to the children, and in general improve their lot in life. Family reunificatio

26、n is another powerful motive driving many new arrivals. Some new immigrants, perhaps more than the current anti-immigration lobby may realize, often wish eventually to return home to settle there once financial considerations allow it.The obvious difficulties that most immigrants face include langua

27、ge inadequacies, a general unfamiliarity with the customs and expectations of the new country ( what anthropologists refer to as “cultural discontinuities”), limited economic opportunities, poor housing conditions, discrimination, xenophobia, and what psychologists term the “stresses of acculturatio

28、n”.Despite these obstacles,in many cases,immigrants experience their lot as being better than it was in their country of origin. Because of a perception of relative material improvement, many immigrants may fail to internalize the anti-immigrant negative attitudes of the host country toward them, ma

29、intaining their country of origin as a point of reference. In addition,recent immigrants commonly view and experience their current lot not in terms of the ideals and expectations of the majority society but rather in terms of the ideals and expectations of the “old culture”.This is part of an inter

30、esting orientation that has been termed “the immigrants dual frame of reference”. The Suarez-Orozcos have noticed immigrants are constantly comparing and contrasting their current lot in the host society against their experiences, opportunities, and expectations in the country of origin. During the

31、earliest phases of immigration,the new arrivals may come to realize the new country as a land of unlimited opportunities, concentrating on the negative aspects of life in the land left behind. The second generation, in contrast, cannot compare their own current experiences to previous experiences of

32、 relative deprivation. Instead,their standard of assessment may be the host cultures affluent ideals (often represented in television and films) which they are likely to find themselves lacking. From the second generations perspective, their lot in life has decidedly not improved.Researchers have su

33、ggested that socio-cultural and socio-economic factors, as well as overcrowded and poorly staffed schools, seem to lead to many accultural immigrant students eventually to develop ambivalent attitudes toward schools and the value of education. In addition, we argue, ongoing discrimination and dispar

34、agement specially targeted to “unwanted” new immigrants is particularly destructive. Last,when learning and success in an institution of the dominant culturethat is, the schoolcome to be experienced as an act of ethnic betrayal, signifying a wish to “be white”, learning may become a problem to some

35、ethnic and immigrant minority students. As a consequence, a high drop-out rate continues to be a severe problem in some communities of minority immigrant children.1.It can be inferred that the attitude of some new immigrants towards their motherland is mainly（ ） .2.The term “the immigrants dual fram

36、e of reference,” (Para. 4)refers to（ ） .3.What can be known about the second generation of immigrants?4.What does the word “disparagement”( Para. 5) show by the natives to immigrant students?问题1选项A.detestingB.worriedC.nostalgicD.nonchalant问题2选项A.immigrants different standards of examining their life

37、 experiencesB.immigrants rosy expectations of life and their sad memory of the past lifeC.the dilemmas of both the first and the second generations of immigrantsD.the contrast between the immigrants material success and their pursuit of ideals问题3选项A.They have their lot in life totally destroyed.B.Th

38、ey maintain their identity like their parents.C.Theyd like to choose TV hosts as their models.D.They think of themselves as materially poor.问题4选项A.Ambiguity.B.Contempt.C.Ignorance.D.Hostility【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:B【解析】1.根据第一段的最后两句,家庭团聚是驱使许多新移民的另一个强大动机。或许目前反移民游说团体没有意识到的是:一些新移民往往希望最终回到家乡定居,只要经济条件允许。由

39、此可知,新移民的态度是怀旧的,选项C正确。2.根据第四段第二句“immigrants are constantly comparing . in the country of origin.”移民不断地将他们目前所处社会的命运与他们在原籍国的经历、机遇和期望进行比较和对照。这是移民考查生活经历的不同标准,选项A符合原文。3.根据第四段最后一句“From the second generations perspective, their lot in life has decidedly not improved.”从第二代人的角度来看,他们的生活显然没有改善。也就是说,他们的生活实际上被毁了,因为他们不像上一辈那样可以对比自己不同的生活经历,他们的评估标准基本来自于影视中,他们缺乏理想。选项A正确。4.根据原文句意可知,disparagement应该和discrimination意思相近,选项中B项与之意思最为相近。