考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷7（附带答案详解）

《考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷7（附带答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷7（附带答案详解）（6页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-西安电子科技大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Plastics are lighter and more _ resistant than metal, but they are not usually strong.问题1选项A.contractionB.collisionC.corrosionD.corruption【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. contraction 收缩；缩小 B. collision 碰撞；冲突C. corrosion 腐蚀；侵蚀 D. corrup

2、tion 腐败；堕落【答案】C【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】句意：塑料比金属更轻，更耐，但它们通常不坚固。由常识可知大部分塑料的抗腐蚀能力强，因此选C选项。【干扰项排除】A选项contraction“收缩；缩小”，根据常识可知塑料遇热易收缩，不符合句意。B选项collision“碰撞；冲突”，主要指碰撞（或相撞）事故，不符合句意。D选项corruption“腐败；堕落”不符合句意。【句意】塑料比金属更轻，更耐腐蚀，但通常不坚固。2.单选题The Internet, E-commerce and globalization are making a new economic era possi

3、ble. By the middle of the 21st century, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all

4、 the new Internet and business-to-business Internet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOS and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quite contrary.”The very people responsible for usher

5、ing in what some have called a “technological renaissance” say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and friendsnot to mention strangers. And whats more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same

6、 technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be n

7、o easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the .com generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the mo

8、st scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24-hour Internet news and entertainment all seize for our attention.And while we have created every kind of labor-and time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than

9、any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and-time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commodified activity around us. For example, e-mail is a great convenience. However, we now find ourselves spending much of our day frantically respon

10、ding to each others electronic messages. The cell phone is a great time-saver. Except now we are always potentially in reach of someone else who wants our attention.Social conservatives talk about the decline in civility and blame it on the loss of a moral compass and religious values. Has anyone bo

11、thered to ask whether the hyper speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connections really count and what types of access really matter in the e-economy era. If this new technology revolution is only

12、 about hyper efficiency, then we risk losing something even precious than timeour sense of what it means to be a caring human being.1. The author suggests that the most valuable resource in todays society is _.2. We learn from this passage that many executives feel that _.3. The phrase “the coloniza

13、tion of time” (Para. 5) refers to _.4. In the seventh paragraph the author suggests that _.5. The best title for the passage could be _.问题1选项A.TechnologyB.Economic assetsC.Access to informationD.Time问题2选项A.technological advances are essential to todays economic systemB.technology has actually led to

14、 decline in their quality of lifeC.longer hours are making their workers more impatient and uncivilD.technology can be blamed for many of todays social problems问题3选项A.the filling of every moment of time with commercial transactionsB.the quest for efficiency in the workplaceC.the growing use of elect

15、ronic mail and other time-saving servicesD.the impact of technology on our sense of time问题4选项A.new technologies may make people more impatientB.social conservatives do not understand the importance of technologyC.the speed of modern culture may impact our moral and religious valuesD.people in the te

16、chnology sector are less civil than those in other fields问题5选项A.The future of the technological RenaissanceB.Even Corporate Executives Get the BluesC.The New Internet EconomyD.The Disadvantages of Too much Access【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.【选项释义】The author suggests that the most valuable reso

17、urce in todays society is _. 作者认为，当今社会最有价值的资源是_。A. Technology A. 技术B. Economic assets B. 经济资产C. Access to information C. 获取信息D. Time D. 时间【答案】D【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第五段“我们的每一个空闲时间都被某种形式的商业联系所填满，使时间本身成为所有资源中最稀缺的（making time itself the most scarce of all resources）。”因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项属于过度推断。2. 【

18、选项释义】We learn from this passage that many executives feel that _. 我们从这篇文章中了解到，许多高管认为_。A. technological advances are essential to todays economic system A. 技术进步对当今的经济体系至关重要B. technology has actually led to decline in their quality of life B. 科技实际上导致了他们生活质量的下降C. longer hours are making their workers m

19、ore impatient and uncivil C. 更长时间的工作让他们的员工更加不耐烦和无礼D. technology can be blamed for many of todays social problems D. 今天的许多社会问题都归咎于技术【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到第二段“我们在工作、家庭和社区中的生活质量提高是否与所有的这些新型互联网以及企业对企业互联网服务的引入成正比？我曾向欧洲和美国的数百位首席执行官和企业高管提出过这个问题。令人惊讶的是，几乎每个人都说：不，恰恰相反。”也就是说，他们认为，事实上，科技已经导致了生活质量的下降。

20、因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“技术进步对当今的经济体系至关重要”，文章没有提及，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“更长时间的工作让他们的员工更加不耐烦和无礼”，文中提到“那些引领所谓技术复兴的人说，他们工作的时间更长了，压力更大了，更没耐心了”，这些引领技术复兴的人指的是公司领导而不是员工，因此该选项属于张冠李戴；D选项“今天的许多社会问题都归咎于技术”，社会问题太过广泛，该选项属于过度推断。3. 【选项释义】The phrase “the colonization of time” (Para. 5) refers to _. “时间的殖民化”（第5段）指的是_。A. the fillin

21、g of every moment of time with commercial transactions A. 每时每刻都充斥着商业交易B. the quest for efficiency in the workplace B. 工作场所对效率的追求C. the growing use of electronic mail and other time-saving services C. 越来越多地使用电子邮件和其他省时服务D. the impact of technology on our sense of time D. 科技对我们时间观念的影响【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解

22、题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 5与题干信息词the colonization of time可定位到第五段the colonization of time之后“我们的每一个空闲时间都被某种形式的商业联系所填满（Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection）”由此可推断“时间的殖民化”指的就是每时每刻充满商业交易。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项“工作场所对效率的追求”，曲解原文，该选项属于过度推断；C选项“越来越多地使用电子邮件和其他省时服务”，曲解原文，该

23、选项属于过度推断；D选项“科技对我们时间观念的影响”，曲解原文，该选项属于过度推断。4. 【选项释义】In the seventh paragraph the author suggests that _. 在第七段中，作者表示_。A. new technologies may make people more impatient A. 新技术可能会让人们更没有耐心B. social conservatives do not understand the importance of technology B. 社会保守派不理解技术的重要性C. the speed of modern cultu

24、re may impact our moral and religious values C. 现代文化的发展速度可能会影响我们的道德和宗教价值观D. people in the technology sector are less civil than those in other fields D. 技术领域的人比其他领域的人更不文明【答案】A【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词Paragraph 7与题干信息可定位到第七段“有没有人问过，高速文化是否让我们所有人变得更没有耐心，更不愿意倾听、推迟、考虑和反思？（less patient and less willing to

25、listen and defer, consider and reflect）”由此可知，作者认为新技术可能会让人们没有耐心。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B选项“社会保守派不理解技术的重要性”，文中没有体现，该选项属于无中生有；C选项“现代文化的发展速度可能会影响我们的道德和宗教价值观”，由第七段可知，这是社会保守派的观点，并不是作者的观点，该选项属于张冠李戴；D选项“技术领域的人比其他领域的人更不文明”，文中没有体现，该选项属于无中生有。5. 【选项释义】The best title for the passage could be _. 这篇文章最好的标题是_。A. The future of

26、 the technological Renaissance A. 技术复兴的未来B. Even Corporate Executives Get the Blues B. 即使是企业高管也会感到沮丧C. The New Internet Economy C. 新互联网经济D. The Disadvantages of Too much Access D. 过多访问的缺点【答案】D【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】作者在第一段提出了“新型经济体系”，接下来的段落主要讨论的是新技术带来的负面影响，最后一段提出“也许我们需要问问，在电子经济时代，什么样的连接才是真正重要的，什么样的访问才是真正重要

27、的。如果这场新技术革命仅仅是关于超高效率，那么我们可能会失去一些比时间更宝贵的东西。”综合全文，文章主要讲了过多访问的缺点，因此选D。【干扰项排除】A选项“技术复兴的未来”，文中主要讲新技术带来的负面影响，并没有涉及技术复兴的未来，该选项属于反向干扰；B选项“即使是企业高管也会感到沮丧”，是对文章的片面概括，属于以偏概全；C选项“新互联网经济”，文中主要讲互联网经济的缺点，该选项范围太广，属于过度推断。3.单选题Oil companies in the U.S. are already beginning to feel the pressure. Refinery workers and p

28、etroleum-equipment-manufacturing, employees are being _.问题1选项A.laid outB.laid offC.laid downD.laid aside【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. laid out 展示；安排 B. laid off 解雇；休息C. laid down 放下；制定 D. laid aside 搁置；储蓄【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：美国的石油公司已经开始感受到压力。炼油工人和石油设备制造业的雇员正在被。根据逻辑，公司受到压力时，有可能进行裁员，因此这些雇佣员工可能被解雇。因此选B。【干扰项排除】A

29、、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】美国的石油公司已经开始感受到压力。炼油工人和石油设备制造业的雇员正在被解雇。4.填空题Directions: Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks of the following passage. Change the form if necessary. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET.but demonstrate capable with happen average environmentally difference isolate m

30、easure There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born （1）. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others.（2） no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unle

31、ss he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what （3） to the individualthe sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped（4）, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is （5）.The import

32、ance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be （6） by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelli

33、gence in an （7） community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental （8）continued until the twins were in their late teens. When they were given tests to（9） their intelligence, Johns IQ was 125, twenty-f

34、ive points higher than the（10） and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.【答案】1.【答案】with2.【答案】but3.【答案】happens4.【答案】environmentally5.【答案】capable6.【答案】demonstrated7.【答案】isolated8.【答案】difference9.【答案】measure10.【答案】average【解析】but但是；然而conj. demonstrate证明；证实v.capable有能力的adj. with和在一起；具有prep

35、.happen发生；出现v. average平均水平n.environmentally环境地adv. difference差异；不同之处n.isolate孤立；分离；隔离v. measure测量v.1. 【答案】with【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处he is born修饰brain。此题考查固定搭配，be born with表示“天生具有”。在句中指他天生具有的大脑。符合句意。因此填with。【句意】第一种是他与生俱来的大脑。2. 【答案】but【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处上文句意为“人类的大脑差别很大，有些人比其他人更有能力。”空格处下文句意为“不管一个人的大脑有多好，除非他有机会学

36、习，否则他的智力水平就会很低。”上文提到有些人的大脑比其他人的好，而下文指不管大脑有多好，除非学习不然智力会低。由此可知该处存在转折关系。且空格后是一个完整的句子。因此该处缺一个表示转折的连词，因此填but。【句意】但是，不管一个人的大脑有多好，除非他有机会学习，否则他的智力水平就会很低。3. 【答案】happens【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处在what引导的表语从句中做谓语，因此空格处应填一个动词。空格处句意为：所以第二个因素是个体他成长的环境。固定搭配happen to sb表示“发生到某人身上”；从句中what做主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。所以填happens。【句意】所以第二个因

37、素是个体发生了什么他成长的环境。4. 【答案】environmentally【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处应填副词修饰前面的形容词“handicapped”。由句意“如果一个人患有残疾，他的大脑很可能无法发育。”可知，该处填入environmentally，表示由环境影响造成的残疾。environmentally符合句意，且对应上文。因此填environmentally。【句意】如果一个人因环境影响患有残疾，他的大脑很可能无法发育。5.【答案】capable【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处缺少一个形容词。且固定搭配be capable of表示“能够”。由句意“他永远不会达到他到达的智力水平

38、。”可知此处填capable表示“能够”符合语境。因此填capable。【句意】他永远达不到他所能达到的智力水平。6. 【答案】demonstrated【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处位于情态动词后，且有be动词在前，应填入动词的被动形式。由句意“环境在决定一个人智力方面的重要性可以从同卵双胞胎Peter和Mark X的案例历史中得到。”可知空格处填入demonstrate的被动形式demonstrated表示“证明；证实”符合语境。因此填demonstrated。【句意】环境在决定一个人智力方面的重要性可以从同卵双胞胎Peter和Mark X的案例历史中得到证明。7. 【答案】isolate

39、d【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处位于定冠词an后，应填一个形容词且以元音音素开头。所以该处应填入isolate的形容词形式，isolated“偏远的；孤立的”。由句意“彼得的父母智力低下，生活在一个社区，受教育的机会很少。”可知，空格处填入isolated“偏远的；孤立的”符合语境。因此填isolated。【句意】彼得是由智力低下的父母在一个教育机会很少的孤立社区抚养长大的。8.【答案】difference【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处缺少名词。上文讲到“彼得的父母智力低下，生活在一个与世隔绝的社区，受教育的机会很少。马克的父母都上过大学，家境富裕。他还是个孩子的时候，就有人念书给他听，把

40、他送进好学校，给他一切机会去激发他的智力。”空格处意味“环境的”上文表明二人生活环境的差异。因此空格处填入difference“差异；不同之处”符合语境。因此填difference。【句意】这种环境差异一直持续到双胞胎十八九岁的时候，那时他们接受了测试，以衡量他们的智力。9.【答案】measure【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处缺少动词。由句意“当他们接受测试智力时”可知，空格处填入measure“测量”符合语境。因此填measure。【句意】当测试他们的智力时10.【答案】average【解题思路】分析题目可知，空格处缺少名词。由句意“约翰的智商是125，比高25分，比他的同卵兄弟整整高40

41、分。”可知，空格填入average“平均水平”符合语境。因此填average。【句意】约翰的智商是125，比平均水平高25分，比他的同卵兄弟整整高40分。5.单选题The _ of tests in the United States institutions can be a new and frightening experience for many foreign students.问题1选项A.presenceB.frequencyC.efficiencyD.confidence【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. presence 存在；出席 B. frequency 发生率；出现率

42、C. efficiency 效率；效能 D. confidence 信心；信任【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】句意：对许多外国学生来说，美国教育机构考试的可能是一种新的可怕的经历。根据句意，应该是这些考试的存在让外国学生感到害怕。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】对许多外国学生来说，在美国院校进行考试可能是一种新的、令人恐惧的经历。6.单选题People are criticizing the economic policies that have _ the decline of manufacturing industry.问题1选项A.assessed

43、B.acceptedC.accessedD.accelerated【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. assessed 对进行评估 B. accepted 接受；相信C. accessed 接近；进入 D. accelerated 加速；促进【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】句意：人们对制造业衰退的经济政策提出了批评。根据逻辑，因为是人们批评的，所以应该是人们认为有些经济政策会不利于制造业的发展，可能会加速制造业的衰退，对于这些经济政策人们提出批评。因此选D。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】人们对加速制造业衰退的经济政策提出了批评。7.单选题We

44、must learn to meet misfortune gracefully.问题1选项A.adversityB.famineC.enormityD.nuance【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. adversity 逆境；不幸 B. famine 饥荒C. enormity 巨大；暴行 D. nuance 细微差别【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意：我们必须学会优雅地面对不幸。划线词misfortune意为“厄运；不幸”。因此A选项与之意思相近，选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】我们必须学会优雅地面对不幸。8.翻译题The current throu

45、gh a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (电位差) across it provided there is no change in the physical conditions of the conductor.【答案】如果对于导体没有任何物理变化，那么通过导体的电流正比于通过的电位差。9.翻译题他这人喜怒无常，且好走极端。【答案】He is moody and is inclined to be extreme.10.单选题I am feeling too tired to drive any

46、 more, will you _?问题1选项A.turn overB.take overC.hand overD.go over【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. turn over 翻转 B. take over 接替C. hand over （把某事）交给负责 D. go over 仔细检查【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：我累得不能再开车了，你可以吗？根据句意，可知他已经很累了，不想继续开车，希望另一个人接替他开车。因此选B。【干扰项排除】C选项hand over“（把某事）交给负责”指如果把某物移交给某人，就是把处理特定情况或问题的责任交给他们。该选项不符合语境；A、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】我觉得太累了，不能再开车了，你能代替我吗？