懂你英语Level4Unit2

《懂你英语Level4Unit2》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《懂你英语Level4Unit2（10页珍藏版）》请在装配图网上搜索。

1、wordL4 Unit 2-1Listening物种、环境The earth was born about 4.6 million years ago. The first life appeared about a billion years later. The first plant didnt appear until around 2 billion years ago. Until around 580 million years ago, life formedweresmall and microscopic (微笑的 ). Since that time, lives has

2、 evolved to many different types and species. However, scientists estimate that more than 99% of them are now extinct.They have been several extinction events in the history of the earth. In the extinction event, many life forms or species of life die out. The causes of the massive extinction events

3、 are unsoughtmystery. These events are not predictable and can happen at any time. Scientists think that some of that started by asteroid pass or volcano corruption. Events like this, can change the global conditions that life depends on.One major extinction event, happened about 66 million years ag

4、o. That event may have been started by a large asteroid that hit the earth. As a result, the dinosaurs and about half of the all species on the planet, died out. When the asteroid hit the earth, it started a chain of events. A chain of event is a series of events linked together, like a chain.These

5、particular chain of events happened over a period of months and years. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused huge cloud of dust to enter the atmosphere. This cloud of dust blocked the sun and darken the earth for a period of months. Without enoughsunlight, plants and plant-eating animals, quick

6、ly died. With the deaths of so many plants and animals, the food chain collapsed . This led to the deaths of many more species.Mass extinction events had played important part in the evolution of life. In fact, some extinction events had helped to accelerate evolution. For example, some mammals live

7、d to the age of dinosaurs, but they couldnt pete. When the dinosaurs were removed, the mammals were able to pete more successfully. Once they could pete, mammal evolved to a higher state. Without the extinction event, perhaps we wouldnt be here today.Scientist estimate that there have been at least

8、5 massive extinctions in the pass 540 million years. They also believed that we had entered a new extinction event. Species are being extinct at a much faster rate than before. Instead of the asteroid and volcano corruptions, the current event is the result of human activities. Human activities, for

9、 example, had led to global warming.Global warming is the result of an increase in carbon gases in our atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, so the earth is getting warmer. As a result, sea levels are rising and weather patterns are changing. In addition, we humans are destroying habitats

10、of many plants and animals. Cutting down forest and polluting rivers destroys the habitats of many forms of life.There is no longer any doubt that this is happening. Specials of lives are disappearing at an increasing rate. Global temperatures are rising and weather patterns are changing. Scientists

11、 are warning us that fast action is necessary to save our future. If we dont act, we may go the way of the dinosaurs.L4 Unit 2-1 vocabulary身体系统、产业、技术The body circulatory system includes the heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps the bloods to all parts of body through a network of arteries and vei

12、n.The digestive system breaks down and absorbs food into the body. It supplies the energy that the body need s for growth and repair. After digestion, excess food is turned into waste and eliminated from the body.The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cordand nerves. This is your control syst

13、em. It controls your muscles and organs included your circulatory system and digestive system.The respiratory system includes your nose and lungs. It brings air and oxygen into your body and remove the carbon dioxide from the body. The lungs are where oxygen enters the bloodstream and carbon dioxide

14、 is removed.Immune system protects body against the infections and diseases. Sneezing and fever are examples of how the immune systems works. If the infection invades the body and the immune system attacks it.The control use of fire allowed people to cook food and survive in the colder climates. Fir

15、e provided the light so that people could work and socialize for longer hours.With the invention of agriculture, people can grow food and settle into munities. By growing food, people can spend less time hunting and more time on other things, such as art.The domestication of animals allows people to

16、 raise and use animals for food and work. By raise herds of animals, such as sheep, people have regular supply of meat and clothing. The strength of animals such as horses and oxen was used for work and transportation.The development of tools and machines has resulted in a more fashion manufacturing

17、 and construction. With better tools and machines, works can be done with fewer people and much lower cost.The development of science and engineering has improved many thing including munications. With understanding of electricity, telephone and radios allow people to municate over long distances.Th

18、e use of machines has reduced the number of people needed to make things.L4 Unit 2-1 dialogue谈论手机和老板Itook a vacation last night.What are you talking about. Where did you take the vacation.I didnt go anywhere. i just left with my smartphone.How was it.It was great. I got a real magazine and read it w

19、ith no interpretation . It was very peaceful. Yes, I havent done that for a long time.You know what, I begin to hate smartphone.Really, but you cant live without one, right.Yes, thats the problem.This change the way people live.Yes, I just so on documentary about that. A husband was plaining his wif

20、e that she was spending too much time on her smartphone.What happened, did they get divorced.You guess it. In the end, they got divorced.It is a bit ironic , dont you think. Smartphones were supposed to bring people together but they are pulling people apart.Yes, you are right.Hey, just a minute, Iv

21、e a message on smartphone and it cant wait.Hey, wake up and get back to work.Whats wrong with you.I m on my break sir and I had a bad headache.Well, youre not paying you to sleep.If youre going to sleep, sleep some places else.Yes, sir, it wont happen again.You had better not.Just a minute. Dont tel

22、l me like that.What did you say.You hurt me, you dont have to treat people like that.Well, if you dont like it, I suggest you leave.Ok, I will. I pet enough of you. I will get a job somewhere else.L4 Unit 2-2 Listening概率、角度This man is holding a piece of food in this hand. The piece of food is either

23、 an orange or an apple. What cant see which its because we can see inside the box. The probability that it is an orange is equal to the probability that it is an apple. It may be an apple or it may be an orange. Its going to be one or the other. It cant be anything else.Now lets look at it from the

24、mans point of view. From his point of view, the probability is different. From his point of view, the possibility that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. Thats because he knows what he has. For hi m, that is not uncertainty. If he has an orange, the probability is 100%. If he doesnt have an orange, the

25、 probability is 0%. He either has it or he doesnt.From our point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 50%. From his point of view, the probability that he has an orange is 100% or 0%. So the probability depends on the point of view.People see things from different points of view. This o

26、ften leads to arguments between the people. Here are some examples. From his mans point of view, he is relaxing. He needs to relax because he has been working too hard. He hasnt been getting sleep. His wife see things differently. She isnt aware of how hard he has been working. From her point of vie

27、w, he is doing nothing. However, she knows what needs to be done around the house. It isnt fair that she has to work while he does nothing. When people see things fromdifferent points of view, they often e to different conclusion. This differences can cause real munication problems.L4 Unit 2-2 vocab

28、ulary自然灾害、某某Earthquakes are caused by forces deep within the earth. When the earth shakes, buildings can collapse and people can be buried inside.An explosion is a rapid, violent release of energy. Explosions can be caused by chemical reaction, such as inside the engine. A spark can ignite a mixture

29、 of gases and release energy for good anddestructive purposes.Accidents are often caused by people doing foolish things or by not being careful. One major cause of accident is driving too fast. Accidentswith fire can be very serious, and can result in very painful injuries.Epidemics are the rapid sp

30、read of a disease, such as the flu and Ebola. Throughout history, epidemics have killed millions of people. Storms are caused by changes in atmosphere, and result in high winds and heavy rains. Thunderstorms are caused by electric charges in the atmosphere, that produce lightening, which can cause f

31、orest fire. Some storms cause flooding, and major damage to homes and cities.Followers of thelslam religions are called Muslims. These Muslims are prayer inside the Moses. Muslims are called to prayer 5 times a day, beginning just before sunrise.Christianityis based on the teaching of Jesus crisis,

32、who lived more than 2000 years ago. Christian believe that Jesus is the son of god. Christians are often gathering in churchesor cathedralsto worship.Followers of Judaism are called Jews. These Jews are meeting inside the synagogue , which is a place of worship and study. Judaism was founded over 35

33、 hundreds years ago, in the middle east. Judaism is based on the teaching of Moses, whom they believe its the most important prophet.Buddhism began in India and is based on the teachings of Buddha. The religion is about 25 hundred years old. Some Buddhists practice a form of meditation in which they

34、 empty their mind of any thoughts.Hinduism is the worlds third most popular religion and is the main religion of India. Hinduism has no founder and is a mixture of many briefs. Some Hindus believe in a circle of birth, life, death and rebirth.L4 Unit 2-2 dialogue谈论失踪客机Do you have any more informatio

35、n about the location of the missing aircraft?Not, we dont. the only information we had was it disappeared.What about the last munication with the aircraft.The last munication was about 15 minutes before it just disappeared.Was there anything usual in the munication.Not, there was anything usual. Not

36、hing pointed it any kind of problem.Anyway we are confident that we will find it.Its a large aircraft so that it shouldnt be difficult to find it.How much countries are helping with the search.Right now, we have search team from 3 countries starting to search.It s a big area to search, so can you gi

37、ve an estimate about how long it will take.Yes, its a big area so it might take a long time. But we wont give up. We will search it till we find it.Have they found the wreckage yet.What are you talking about.You know, the airplane that disappeared last year.Oh, yes, now I know what you are referring

38、 to. Yes, theyve found some piece of it.What about the black boxes.No, they still havent found the black boxes.It hard to believe that they still dont know what happened.Perhaps theyll never know, especially if they still dont find the black boxes.Whatever happened to it, there is not good reason wh

39、y a modern airline is allowed to disappear.I agree with you.L4 Unit 2-3 Listening监狱Alcatraz is a small island in San Francisco bay, 1.5 miles from San Francisco. From Alcatraz, you can see the Golden Gate Bridge. A is also famous and is now a major tourist attraction. Tourists can reach the island b

40、y boat from the city. Alcatraz has often appeared in movies including escape from Alcatraz, w hich was made in 1979. One reason its famous is because it used to be a prison, a very special prison. It was designed for prisoner who was causing trouble for another prisoner, such as trying to escape. It

41、 was a maximum security, so escape was almost impossible. The water around it was cold and only very strong prisoners can escape from island to San Francisco.The first group of prisoners arrived in 1934. There were 173 prisoners, including bank robbers and murderers. They came by train from the othe

42、r prison in the state of Kansas. During that trip, there was heavy security. The prisoners were under guard and handcuffed. Nobody wanted them to escape. The prison was designed to hold up to 336 prisoners. However, the average population was only about 270. Although there wasnotorious inmate such a

43、s Al Copen, most of the inmates are no one known.Many were trying to escape from island or were considered to violence. If a man didnt behave at other prison, he could be sent to Alcatraz. At Alcatraz, there wasjust one prison in each prison cell.Prison life in Alcatraz was highly structured and bor

44、ing. It was designed for prisoners to follow rules. They had 4 rights, food, clothing, shelter and medical care. Everything else was privilege that had to be earned. Privileges included working, visits from familymembers and access to prison library. There were also activities such as painting and m

45、usic. Once they showed that he could follow the rules, he could be transferred back to another prison to finish his sentence.Alcatrazwas used as a prison for 29 years. During that time, no prisoner escaped successfully. There were 14 escape attempts, involving in 36 prisoners. 23 were caught alive a

46、nd 3 were shot and killed. 2 men tries to escape twice. 2 were drought and 2 released as missing and resume drought. The most violent escape attempt occurred on May 2, 1946 when 6 prisoners tried to escape. That events are called the battle of Alcatraz.While in use, Alcatraz has some of the most not

47、orious criminals the history, such as Al Capone. Al Capone was a crime boss, who built his career in Chicago. The prison was finished close in 1963. It was closed because it was too expensive to operate.Inmate n.居民 ; 同居者 ; (监狱里的)犯人L4 Unit 2-3 vocabulary 统计图表、法律A bar graph uses rectangle bars in diff

48、erent length to show and pare data. The lengths of a bar are proportional to values they represents. The bar can be vertical, up and down or horizontal.A circle graph, often called a pie graph, it shapes like a circle. It is divided into segments that looks like piece of a pie. Percentages are often

49、 used to pare segments which are ordered from biggest to smallest.Line graph are used to show the relationship between two valuables, such as time and distance. These valuables are plotted to 2 axis, the X axis and the Y axis. The X axis often shows time, while the Y axis shows how quantities such a

50、s distance, temperature, pro change with times.A flowchart is a type of graph that shows how process and project flows from the start to finish . A flow chart consists of start points, inputs, outputs and decision point.An organizational chart or org chart show the structure of a pany. It shows how

51、people and departments within the pany are connected. It defines the roles and responsibility of a people or departments within a pany.Laws are rules that people are supposed to follow. A system of laws governs the peoplewithin the countries. Criminals are people who break the law. People who mit a

52、crime are called criminals. Some criminals are very dangerous and need to be put in jail. A jail or prison are place where criminals were locked behind bars, sometimes for many years. Prison is designed to keep criminals away from other people.A courthouse is where someone charge with mitting a crim

53、e goes on a trial. In court, evidence is present to show guilty or innocent of a person on trial.When someone break the laws, they may be arrested by the police. To arrest someone means to take and hold them until they go on trial.L4 Unit 2-3 dialogue谈论汇兑May I help you sir.Id like to change some US

54、dollars to Japanese yen please.Yes, certainly sir, how about would you like to change.Id like to change 500 dollars.May I see your passport please.I dont have it with me but I do have my drivers license, would that be ok.No, sorry sir. I need to see your passport. Its the law.Look, Im not asking for

55、 a loan. I just want to convert into yen. Why do I need my passport. I understand your frustration sir, but thats the law. I cannot do something that is illegal. Ok, do you have any suggestions.Sure, the easiest things for you to do it is to use the machine in one of the hotels near here. You can bo

56、rrow someones passport and then do the conversion.So the machine doesnt check the fingerprints or something like that.No, sir. But thats a limit as to how much you can change at one time. You also have to pay a high fee.Thanks for your help.You re wele sir.L4 Unit 2-3 Listening 人物Al Capone was one o

57、f the most famous criminals in American history. He came from an immigrant family. His parents came from Italy and his father was a barber. As a boy, he belonged to a street game. He quit school after finishing the 6th grade. As he built his career as a crime boss in Chicago. He became boss at 26 wh

58、en previous boss was nearly killed. He crime organization made a lot of money, more than 100 million dollars a year. Most of the money came from illegal activities, especially from the sale of illegal liquor . This organization was also involved in gambling and prostitution.Capone was aflashy dresse

59、r who enjoys being famous. He protected himself by bribing police and public officials. Though he was involved in the deaths of many, he was never converted of a serious crime. When he was finally arrested, it was for minor crime. In 1929, he and his body guard were arrested by carrying deadly weapo

60、ns. For that, he was sent to a year in prison. Capone was released in 9 months for good behaviors.In 1930, Capone was public enemy number 1 in Chicago. A year later he was arrested for failures to pay taxes. The government had finally found a way to catch him. After a trial, he was found guilty and

61、sentenced to 11 years prison. He spent the first two years of the sentence at the prison in Atlanta J. then he was sent to Alcatraz, the countrys most famous prison.At Alcatraz, he was diagnosed with the disease that began to take over his brain. As aresult, he spent much of his time at prison hospi

62、tal. By the time he was released from prison at 1939, he was no longer able to lead his personal organization. He died of stroke and pneumonia in 1947.L4 Unit 2-4 vocabulary财务和性格Ine is money received from works or from investments. For pany to survive, its ine needs to be more than its expenses. Peo

63、ple who earn good salaries can buy what they need to survive.A receipt is given to you after you had paid for something. A receipt is a proof that you have paid for something. A receipt shows that something has been paid for. After pay for something, be sure to get a receipt.An invoice is a request

64、for payment. Invoice lists the princes and products being bought. To invoice someone means to givethem a bill for products and services. Once an invoice is paid, it can be used as a receipt.Taxes are what you paid to the government, for governments services. Taxes pay for many services, such educati

65、on, police and health care. An ine tax is a tax on our ine. In some countries, ine taxes can be very high.Interest is what we pay to lenders when you borrow money. If someone lends you money, you pay interest for use of that money.Emotional people often show their feelings and have a bad temper. They made decision based on their feelings more than facts.