2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考前模拟强化练习题93（附答案详解）

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1、2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题26-30问题1选项A.She is too hard on me.B.She asks too many questions.C.She is always considerate of my feelings.D.She is the meanest mother in the neighborhood.问题2选项A.A university instructor.B.A teaching assistant.C.A Ph.D.student. D. A psychiatrist.问题3选项A.They usual

2、ly say no.B.They usually say yes.C.They usually wait and see.D.They usually refuse to say anything.问题4选项A.They are overconfident.B.Their brains grow too fast.C.They are psychologically dependent.D.Their brains are still immature in some areas.问题5选项A.Be easy on your teen.B.Try to be mean to your teen

3、.C.Say no to your teen when necessary.D.Dont care about your teens feelings.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】(26)I am the meanest mother in the neighborhood. Im too strict. I ask too many questions. No one elses parents are as difficult as I am. Dont I know that all the cool kids are out until 2:00

4、or 3:00 in the morning and can go wherever they want? This is the point of view of my 16-year-old daughter. Although she is frequently annoyed when I try to gather what I consider basic information- about where shes going, whos driving, and what the plan is for getting homeI know she is also relieve

5、d that someone is watching out for her.Discipline-or, to use todays more popular phrase, setting limitstakes on a whole new meaning when your child hits adolescence. “When kids are young and do something unsafe,parents have no trouble saying no,” says (27) Daniel Kindlon, Ph. D., assistant professor

6、 of child psychology at the Harvard School of Public Health, who has two daughters, 15 and 12. “You dont care that your two-year-old cries if you dont let him put the fork in the toaster. (28) But saying yes to your teen can almost become a reflex, because you so desperately want to avoid conflict.”

7、 New research confirms what parents have known all along: adolescents simply lack the ability to make smart decisions consistently. For example, peer relationships- which are so important to teenagers can easily overwhelm the need to be safe. Scientists have discovered that this has to do with the w

8、ay the human brain grows. (29) During the teen years, the brain develops rapidly, but some areas mature much earlier than others. (30)But you have to hold the line. Your teen is secretly counting on you to do so. And too much is at stake if you dont.26. What would the speakers daughter least likely

9、say about her mother?【解析】根据录音开头可知，在女儿心里，她的母亲是一个刻薄、严厉、问题多的母亲，只有C项与录音内容不符。故选C。27. What does Daniel Kindlon do?【解析】根据录音内容“Daniel Kindlon, Ph. D., assistant professor of child psychology at the Harvard School of Public Health”可知，他是哈佛公共卫生学院儿童心理学助理教授。故选A。28. According to Kindlon, how do parents usually re

10、spond to their teensrequests?【解析】根据录音内容“But saying yes to your teen can almost become a reflex, because you so desperately want to avoid conflict”可知，对青春期的孩子说“是”几乎是一种本能反应，因为你非常不愿意产生摩擦。故选B。29. Why are adolescents unable to make smart decisions consistently, according to scientists?【解析】根据录音内容“During th

11、e teen years, the brain develops rapidly, but some areas mature much earlier than others”可知，青少年阶段大脑发育不平衡，有些区域还未发育成熟。故选D。30. What would the speaker advise parents to do?【解析】根据录音内容“But you have to hold the line. Your teen is secretly counting on you to do so”可知，家长要适度向孩子说“不”。故选C。2. 单选题7.问题1选项A.She disa

12、grees with the man.B.She couldnt agree with the man more.C.Its hard for them to fulfill their plans.D.Its impossible to get money from Gates Foundation.【答案】B【解析】M: This money from the Gates Foundation will help us with our plans.W: How could it not?Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】态度方向题。女士回答：How coul

13、d it not， 即她非常同意男士说的。3. 单选题12.问题1选项A.His backache.B.His broken leg.C.His skin problem.D.His eye condition.【答案】C【解析】W: Whats the problem?M: I have had an itchy rash on my body, and arms and legs for the last two months.W: Can you describe it?M: Its pink with thrust oval spots.Q: What has brought the

14、man here?【解析】细节题。对话中男士说：Ive had an itching rash on my body, and arms and legs (我身上、胳膊上和腿上起了很痒的皮疹)。4. 单选题16-20问题1选项A.He is having a physical checkup.B.He has just undergone an operation.C.He has just recovered from an illness.D.He will be discharged from the hospital this afternoon.问题2选项A.He got an i

15、nfection in the lungs.B.He had his gallbladder inflamed.C.He was suffering from influenza.D.He had developed a big kidney stone.问题3选项A.A bit better.B.Terribly awful.C.Couldnt be better.D.Okay, but a bit weak.问题4选项A.To be confined to a wheelchair.B.To stay indoors for a complete recovery.C.To stay in

16、 bed and drink a lot of water.D.To move about and enjoy the sunshine.问题5选项A.From4 p.m.to6 p. m.B.From5 p.m.to7 p. m.C.From6 p. m. to8 p. m.D.From7 p.m. to9 p. m.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C【解析】W: Hello.M: Hello!W: So, did you have a comfortable night?M: No, not really.W: Sorry to hear that. And how

17、 are you feeling at the moment?M: A bit better.W: You dont feel sick at all?M: No, Im OK.W: Thats good! Are you having sips of water?M: No.W: Would you like some?M: Well, I dont really feel likeW: Ah, you cant drink anything at the moment.M: The nurses have been giving me mouth washes.W: Yes. I thin

18、k you begin to pick up as the day goes on. And well carry on giving you something to ease the discomfort. Does it hurt much?M: Well, it does when I move about.W: Right. (19) But the sooner we have you on the move, the quicker you start to heal. So well help you sit in the chair this afternoon. Enjoy

19、 the sunshine.M: OK, I cant say Im really looking forward to that.W: (17) You have a pretty big gall stone and the Gall bladder was quite inflamed. There was a lot of infection around it and inside it. (16)Well, its out now. So no need to worry about it. It wont cause you any more trouble.M: Uh.W: A

20、ny more questions or anything we can do for you?M: No, I think I m OK. (18) Im feeling a bit of weak at the moment. When will my wife be able to come and see me? The nurses told me before, but I cant remember.W: (20) The visiting hours are from 6 to 8 in the evening.M: OK, thank you. Shell be here t

21、onight in that case.W: Fine. Ill stop in to see you tomorrow.M: Thank you.16. Whats true about the man in the conversation?【解析】女士说“Well, its out now. So no need to worry about it. It wont cause you any more trouble”可知，男士得了胆结石，而且胆囊发炎，但现在取出来了，所以是刚经历过手术。故选B。17. What was wrong with the man?【解析】女士说“You h

22、ave a pretty big gall stone and the gallbladder was quite inflamed”，由此可知，他胆囊发炎了。故选B。18. How is the man feeling now?【解析】男士说“Im feeling a bit of weak at the moment”，由此可知，病人仍旧感到虚弱。19. Whats the man supposed to do according to the doctors orders?【解析】女士说“But the sooner we have you on the move, the quicke

23、r you start to heal. So well help you sit in the chair this afternoon. Enjoy the sunshine”可知，男士会四处活动一下。故选D。20. Whats the hospitals visiting hours?【解析】女士“The visiting hours are from 6 to 8 in the evening”可知，探访时间是晚上6点到8点。故选C。5. 单选题Heavy metals can impair cognitive development in children, who are espe

24、cially at risk because of their size and（ ）to absorb more of these substances than adults do.问题1选项A.characterB.resistanceC.temperD.tendency【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. character 性格；品质 B. resistance 抵挡力；阻力C. temper 脾气 D. tendency 倾向；趋势【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】重金属会对儿童的认知发展产生伤害，儿童的体型和比起成年人能吸收更多的重金属物质，所以他们特别危险。根据句意可知儿

25、童的体型和抵抗力都比较弱，所以才会比成年人更容易吸收重金属物质，所以B选项“抵挡力，阻力”符合题意【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合句意。【句意】重金属会对儿童的认知发展产生伤害，儿童的体型和抵抗力比起成年人能吸收更多的重金属物质，所以他们特别危险。6. 单选题15.问题1选项A.She disagrees with the man there.B.She is going to change her mind.C.It is out of the question to do that.D.It is possible to forgive him.【答案】C【解析】M: You are n

26、ot thinking of getting back together with him, are you?W: Would he dream of it?Q: What does the woman mean?【解析】推断题。女士说:Would he dream of it(他在做梦吗?)，足以证明她不可能复合。7. 单选题6.问题1选项A.2.6B.3.5C.3.9D.136【答案】D【解析】W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you? M: I was wondering if you had the results. W: Oh, yes, the r

27、esults. Weve got them. M: Great. W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6, Sodium (钠) 136, and Potassium(钾)3.9. M: 3.5. W: No, thats 3.9 Q: What is the mans sodium level? 【解析】细节题。女士说：Sodium （钠） 136，故选D。8. 单选题26-30问题1选项A.About 90.000B.About 100.000C.Several hundredsD.About 5.000问题2选项A.Warning from Goddard Space

28、Flight Center.B.Warning from the Kenya Health Ministry.C.Experiences gained from the 1997 outbreak.D.Proper and prompt aid from NASA(美国国家航空航天局).问题3选项A.Distributing mosquito nets.B.Persuading people not to slaughter animals.C.Urging people not to eat animals.D.Dispatching doctors to the epidemic-stri

29、cken area.问题4选项A.The higher surface temperatures in the equatorial part of the Indian Ocean.B.The short-lived mosquito that were the hosts of the viruses.C.The warm and dry weather in the Horn of Africa.D.The heavy but the intermittent rains.问题5选项A.Warning from NASA .B.How to treat Rift Valley Fever

30、 (裂谷热).C.The disastrous effects of Rift Valley Fever.D.Satellites and global health-remote diagnosis.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】In December 1997 large numbers of cattle, goats and sheep began dying in the Garissa district of north-eastern Kenya. A month later people started dying, too. It was,

31、 at the time, the biggest recorded outbreak of Rift Valley fever in East Africa. (26)Some 100,000 stock animals succumbed and about 90,000 people were infected, hundreds fatally in five countries.In December 2007 the same thing happened. Or, rather it started to happen but was stopped in its tracks.

32、 (27)The difference was that the second time around there was warning. In September researchers at the Goddard Space Flight Centre, Greenbelt, Maryland, part of Americas space agency, NASA, told the authorities in Kenya that they had a problem. They told them again in October. And again in November.

33、 By the time the epidemic emerged (28) the Kenyan health ministry had dispatched teams to the area to distribute mosquito nets and urge village leaders and religious authorities to stop people slaughtering and eating animals.Through the outbreak still killed 300 people in Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania

34、, it could have been a lot worse. According to Kenneth Linthicum of Americas Department of Agriculture, the number of deaths would probably have been more than twice as high without the warning.(30)The warning itself was possible because of a model of how disease spreads that Dr. Linthicum helped de

35、sign. And the data that were plugged into that model came from satellites.What the researchers at Goddard had noticed at the time of the first outbreak was that in the months preceding it, surface temperatures in the equatorial part of the Indian Ocean had risen by half a degree. (29)These higher te

36、mperatures brought heavy and sustained rains, cloud cover and warmer air to much of the Horn of Africa. Mosquitoes multiplied wildly, and lived long enough for the virus that causes the fever to develop to the point where it is easily transmissible.In September 2007 the researchers saw the same thin

37、g happening in the ocean, and suspected the same consequences would follow.26. How many stock animals died at the result of outbreak of Rift Valley fever in 1997?【解析】根据录音中的“Some 10.000 stock animals succumbed and about 90,000 people were infected,hundreds fatally in five countries.”可知，本题答案为B。27. Wha

38、t helped stop the outbreak of Rift Valley fever in 2007?【解析】从录音中“The difference was that the second time around there was warning. part of Americas space agency, NASA, told the authorities in Kenya that they had a problem. They told them again in October. And again in November.”可知，第二次的区别在于有来自NASA及时而

39、准确的警告。故本题答案为D。28. Which of the following is not mentioned as the major to prevent in 2007 outbreak spreading?【解析】从录音中“.the Kenyan health ministry had dispatched teams to the area to distribute mosquito nets and urge village leaders and religious authorities to stop people slaughtering and eating ani

40、mals.”可知，只有D选项不是制止瘟疫肆虐的举措。29. What trigger the two outbreaks of the Rift Valley fever in Africa?【解析】从录音中“surface temperatures in the equatorial part of the Indian Ocean had risen by half a degree.”可知，A是正确答案，B选项应该改成long-lived mosquitoes, C项应为“cloud cover and warmer air in the Horn of Africa”，D项应为“hea

41、vy and sustained rains”。30. What is the talk mainly about?【解析】该录音主要内容是从NASA给予肯尼亚及时迅捷的警示，使其在2007年瘟疫爆发的时候避免了10年前的厄运。因此A选项是正确答案（来自NASA的警告）。9. 单选题21-25问题1选项A.35million.B.34million.C.25million.D.20million.问题2选项A.Author, professor and dreamerB.Writer, professor and insomniac.C.Author, psychologist and ins

42、omniac.D.Dramatist, psychologist and scientist.问题3选项A.Sleeping in 8-hour consolidated blocks.B.Sleeping during day time.C.Going to bed soon after dark.D.Two blocks of 4-hour sleep with a waking break.问题4选项A.Because they have unnoticeable sleeping patterns.B.Because they sleep very little.C.Because t

43、hey are insensitive.D.Because they cant complain.问题5选项A.Sleep is highly variable, and wears out with age.B.Falling asleep is a gradual process.C.Sleeping less will help you lose weight.D.People need to sleep eight hours a day.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】Our culture is obsessed with sleep, and t

44、he lack of it, yet many of us dont know some basic facts. (21) As many as 35 million Americans experience chronic insomnia, and yet in 2006 only $20 million was spent on research. (22) In the six years that author, professor and lifelong insomniac Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book “

45、Insomniac”. She learned almost all there is to know about sleep and the lack thereof. Here are five common myths about how we get our shut-eye and why:1. Humans Need Eight Hours Sleep a NightThere are many ways of sleeping and few cultures sleep in eight-hour consolidated blocks like we do. Until th

46、e industrial era, many Western Europeans divided the night into “the first sleep”and the “second sleep.” (23) Theyd go to bed soon after dark, sleep for four hours then wake for an hour or two during which theyd write, pray, smoke, have sex or even visit neighbors. In fact, theres some evidence to s

47、uggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.2. Sleep Isnt Just a Bodily FunctionSleep is a biological, physiological system, akin to the cardiovascular system, the nervous system and so on. (25) Like any other system, it is highly variable, and it w

48、ears out and gets more fragile with age.3. Animals Dont Have Sleep ProblemsInsomnia occurs in animals and insects, too, sort of. Technically, (24) insomnia is defined as a “complaint,” and since animals cant complain, its difficult to measure in them.4. Falling Asleep Is a Gradual Process NopeInstea

49、d, for most people, it switches on and off like a light switch. But for insomniacs and narcoleptics, the switch doesnt work quite well. Instead they inhabit the space in between never entirely awake, nor entirely asleep.5. Sleeping Less Burns More CaloriesIn the short term, yes, but sleeping less pr

50、obably wont help you lose weight. Lack of sleep suppresses our natural appetite-depressants, while fueling appetite-increasers, often leading to weight gain.21. According to the talk, approximately how many Americans suffer chronic insomnia?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：As many as 35 million Americans experi

51、ence chronic insomnia，所以答案为A。22. Which of the following can best describe Gayle Green?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：In the six years that author, professor and lifelong insomnia Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book“Insonmniac”. 答案为B。23. Which of the following sleeping patterns might be the most

52、 in tune with our inherent biological system?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到： there s some evidence to suggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.而这里的this sleep pattern指的就是前一句话说的睡觉模式：Theyd go to bed soon after dark, sleep for four hours then wake for an hour

53、 or two during which theyd write, pray, smoke, have sex or even visit neighbors.因而符合这一睡觉模式的是C。24. According to the talk, why is it difficult to measure insomnia in animals?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：insomnia is defined as a“complaint,”and since animals cant complain, its difficult to measure in them.所以答案为

54、D。25. According to the talk, which of the following is true?【解析】此题可以用排除法，文章中提出五个常见的对睡眠的错误认识。B、C和D正是其中的三个，因而A为答案。10. 单选题As a nurse, Dorothy is a natural healer who is endowed with compassion and has a variety of modalities to benefit her patients of all ages.问题1选项A.braveryB.expertiseC.proficiencyD.sy

55、mpathy【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. bravery 勇敢 B. expertise 专门知识；专门技术C. proficiency 精通；熟练 D. sympathy 同情；慰问【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】由本句句意可知作为一名护士，所应该有的是同情心以及专业的知识，而从前半句中的“natural healer（天生的治疗师）”可知天生所拥有的是同情心，所以D选项“同情，慰问”符合题意。划线单词compassion“同情”。【干扰项排除】A选项bravery勇敢，与护士治疗病人无关，不符合句意；B选项expertise专门知识；专门技术，因为说的是天生的治疗师，因此应

56、该是天生所具有的品格，专门知识是后天所拥有的；C选项proficiency精通；熟练，这也是后天才具备的，不符合句意。【句意】作为一名护士，多萝西是一个天生的治疗师，她被赋予了同情心，有各种各样的方式来帮助她的所有年龄的病人。11. 单选题11.问题1选项A.Discussing a case.B.Defying a diagnosis.C.Performing a surgery.D.Talking with the patient.【答案】A【解析】W: Whats the most likely diagnosis in this case?M: Most probably tuberc

57、ulosis.W: Whats against that diagnosis?M: Well, the infected hasnt had any change in the habit or lost weight.Q: What are they doing now?【解析】对话讨论的是某种病例的diagnosis(症状)。12. 单选题21-25问题1选项A.Suicide.B.Obesity.C.Turmoil.D.Drug abuse.问题2选项A.Preventable.B.Destructive.C.Treatable.D.Curable.问题3选项A.Combining an

58、tidepressants and talk therapy.B.Promoting the transmission between neurons.C.Winning parental assistance and support.D.Administering effective antidepressants.24.问题4选项A.Because it adds to the effect of treatment.B.Because it works better than the medications.C.Because it can take the place of antid

59、epressants.D.Because it helps reduce the use of antidepressants.25.问题5选项A.65 percent.B.75 percent.C.85 percent.D.95 percent.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】(21) Suicide is a very real risk for young people who suffer from clinical depression. In fact during the past two years suicide has increased

60、among youths between the ages of 10 and 19, but there arent treatments that can help. (22)(23) Researchers show that the most effective treatment is the combination of anti-depression and talk therapy. Anti-depressants work by increasing chemicalwhich facilitate communications between neurons in the

61、 brain Anti-depressants are the most effective treatment for most adults. But when it comes to teenagers, its not enough.” Says doctor R, a psychiatrist. Withuniversity medical center. 13 age years are full of turmoil, emotions and changes. And there are family conflicts and conflicts with relations

62、hip that can contribute to distress in adolescents says. And anti-depressant medications may not be able to deal with all of those problems, psychotherapy, specifically problem- behavioral therapy need to be combined, he says. (24)(25) In his recent major study, with the therapy in use along with anti-depressa