牛津版初三英语中考_考前辅导(6月份适用)

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1、初三英语考前辅导2011.6.13 一、选择填空单项选择内容涉及语法、词法、惯用法、句型、口语交际等诸多方面，题目比较灵活，覆盖面广。单项选择题解题技巧。（1） 题目要看准看全；（2）全面分析题干，冷静思考选项；（3）找准题目的考点，反复比较。可用直接法、排除法、推理法、常识法、反证法解题。但多数题目都源于课本, 一改过去只考查语法知识的传统。分析起来主要有以下一些特点：1题目重视语境的创设，解答必须首先吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，进行合理的推断，作深层的理解，并从词法、语法和惯用法、搭配等角度全方位考虑。如： 例1：-Would you like some tea? -Yes, I pre

2、fer tea _ sugar. Ato Bwith Cthan Dfrom2强调在情景对话场合中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话构成题材，使语言知识的考查更灵活、更生活化。如： 例2：-When shall we meet again? -Make it _ day you like；its all the same to me. Aone Banother C. some Dany解析 选D。这里make it是用来约定时间，从下文智its all the same to me (这对我来说都一样来看，只能选择D any(任何；任意)。 3题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑，通过各种手段考查综合运用语

3、言的能力。如： 例3 The schools in China are different from _. AAmerica schools Bthat of America C. America Dthose in America 解析 选D。考查比较级要在同类事物之间进行比较”和“替代”(the schools用those来代替)。做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响误选C，题目的迷惑性很大。4题目的综合性增强，同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点；有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空格；有些题目虽然只有一个空格，但涉及多个考点。如： 例4：I dont know if it _ tomorrow.

4、 If it _, I wont go. Awill rain；rains Bwill rain；will rain Crams；rains Drains；will rain 解析 选A。这里考查了if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句两种不同的用法。前面一句中的if引导的是宾语从句，由于主句的时态是现在时态，因此宾语从句根据需要用一般将来时,而后一句if引导的条件是状语从句，因主句是一般将来时，从句只能用一般现在时。所以做题时要看清题干，注意常用的语法现象，语言环境和习惯用语，常采用择优法，排除法、比较法、运用逻辑推理法、固定结构判断法。在做题的过程中，务必看清句子的干扰项。1冠词：字母（单词）里以

5、元音开头的，如表示一个（件、只）则用“an” an “f (l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)” an hour an orange an honest boy an eight-year-old boy an eleven-metre-wide river an unusual day字母（单词）中以辅音开头的，如表示一个（件）则用a “u”a second time (再/又一次) a third chance （又一次机会） a useful book a university a one-eyed cat2名词: the Green family=the Greens （注意

6、谓语动词）classthe elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience e.g. His family are having supper in the dining room now.The Green family has moved to Paris.two months/years 20 dollars （表示、数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名 10 meters 词或短语做主语看作一整体，注意谓语动词用单数）e.g. Two Months has passed since he came here.the number of

7、a number of （使用谓语动词的区别） 几分之几的 百分之几的most of （谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体名词或代词）e.g. 1)Three fifths of the money is mine.2)89% of the students are from cities.3)About two thirds of the earth is covered with water.4)A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday.5)More than one person has been to Beijing.主语为单数

8、，且后面跟有with, together with, along with, besides, except, like, as well as, especially等，谓语动词用单数e.g. The manager, along with his secretary, is going to the meeting room.名词所有格：Jims two months (two-month) holiday someone elses who elses Tom and Jacks room each others others Toms and Jacks rooms Its 15 mi

9、nutes walk. spend/have a two-week holiday Its a 15-minute walk. spend/have two weeks holiday Its 15 minutes on foot.have two weeks off 休息两周in a few years (days months weeks) timein a few years/days/months/weeks3代词：注意人称代词的主、宾格、形、名词性物主代词以及不定代词。a) one the other(two three) some othersanotherb) some litt

10、le few a bitany a little a few a little bita bit of +n.something, nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作“任何东西/人”讲)somebody, nobody, anybody e.g. 1) Theres nothing serious with you.2) I have nothing else new to tell you.both all eitherneither none each(注：形容词修饰不定代词位置后置，else修饰疑问代、副词，不定代词位置后置)c) on both sides of th

11、e street/river on either side of on each side ofon every side /all sides of the lake/playground/island/classroomon the other side of not only but alsod) neithernor eitheror （谓语动词用就近的原则）there be bothand （连接主语时谓语动词用复数） 4数词：a) 数词的读法 1, 000, 000, 000 billion million thousand一万 ten thousand 一亿 one hundre

12、d million 10亿 1 billion b)数词的表达法 概数hundreds of thousands of millions of many thousands of 确数 three million several hundreds of /several hundredtwo thousand of the workers c) 分数的表达法：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于1，分母的序数词加s，分数后跟名词，谓语动词依据名词形式而定。 d)two and a half days=two days and a halfone or two hours 固定词组in his fo

13、rties nine ninths the first lesson on his fortieth birthday in the eighth century Lesson Oneat tge age of forty in the 1970s in a 1970s style100 one hundred 1000 one thousand 10,000 ten thousand100,000 one hundred thousand 1,000,000 one million 1,000,000,000 one billion101,101,101 one hundred and on

14、e million, one hundred and one thousand, one hunered and onefive hundred tourists many hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of studentsfive hundred of the tourists several hundred/thousand/million/billion students expect to do sth.5动词 expect sb to do sth. a)同义词辨析 take look forhear hope bring find li

15、sten wish （肯、否） mustsee search sb. rise vi. talk have tolook search for sb. raise vt. sayarrive in/atsteal sth. from search+place+for sb./sth. speakreachrob sb. of sth. search the Internet tellget tograb sth. search the information on the Internet used to do be made of /from return sometimes be used

16、 to doing be made inlend some times be used to do be made byborrow sometime be used for doing be made up of keep some time be used bybe used in( )1. What did the teacher _you to_ at the meeting ? A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk ( )2. Do you know who theyre _ about the accident

17、 at the school gate? A. talking B. saying C. telling D. speaking3. What do you call this bird in English?b)动词短语 put on动副结构： put upturn on/off try on keep off put away throw aboutturn up/down keep away from put off litter aboutgive up look up (in the dictionary) put down ring upgive out look down on/

18、upon put out the fire go over pick upgive away look over think over wake uptake in work out take offtake awaytake out of动介结构：get on (off), look for, work on, fall off,complain about, talk about,think aboutc)感官、使役动词 see make hear sb do (doing sth)letsb do sth wacth have 改为被动语态要加“to”notice help注意被动语态

19、made seen sb. be let to dosb. be heard to do had watched helped noticedseensb. be heard doing watched noticede.g. The workers make machines to help farmers.d)情态动词：注意may, must, should, ought to, must的否定答语，注意语境，may的否定回答 may not/cant/mustnt/of course not(看语境)表猜测用情态动词may, must, may be, must becant be ne

20、ed作行为动词用 need to do (否定句、疑问句中要用助动词)need doing=need to be doneMust I/we? 否定回答 No, you neednt/dont have to.Sb. neednt do区别canbe able toe)非延续性动词延续性动词borrow-keepbuy-have open-be opendie-be deadcome(go)-be inleave-be away(from)begin-be onjoin-be in (a member) begin(start) to do-doget up-be upmake friends

21、-be friendscome back-be backfall asleep-be asleepcatch a cold-have a coldget to know-know get(receive) a letter from-have a letter frombecome interested in-be interested inwake- be awakeget married to-be married to6介词 a)注意in on at with的用法（注意时间、地点）b)比较 betweeninover(under) amongafterabove(below) walk

22、 past/bythrough(desert, forest, door, tunnel, window) without pastacross (bridge, street, road, river) with beyondThe plane flew across the rainforest.c)含有一些介词的短语connectto/with jointocontactona visit toa key to an entrance to the way to a trip to a witness tocome up withcatch up with play against(wi

23、th)by bike=on a bikein red in the treeon the treein the end at the end ofby the end oftowardsto the reason for the cause of 7反意问句a)注意陈述句中有hardly, never, few, little, seldom, nothing, none, neither, nobody, no等词,反意问句用肯定的形式。b)注意主语后面的s（is, has）d(had是实意动词还是助动词)c)I/We believe，I/We think，I/We suppose后面跟宾语

24、从句，如是否定句，否定前移。反意问句，看宾语从句。d)unusual, unhappy, impossible, dislike, unfair等前缀的反义词，反意问句仍用否定形式。e) must be 表推测，看must 后面的动词注：前否后肯反意问句的回答 Lets, shall we? 其余用will you?-Didnt he come to school yesterday? -_, though he didnt feel well.-Its nothing serious, _, doctor?-_, youd better stay in hospital and you ne

25、ed an operation at once.8同义词辨析 so lonely before long when pleased either such alone long before while pleasant too pleasure also as well 注意区别 close high wide hardclosely highly widely hardly9.特殊疑问词a)对人口、电话号码，地址，省会，首都，价格，用特殊疑问词what(what placevisit)对人的职业用 What be sb. (What is he?)对人的相貌用 what look like

26、或what be like (What does he look like?)对人的品质用 what be like (What is he like?) b)how soon(often, far away, long)10情景对话看清上下文，注意说话的环境、对象。11非谓语动词a)动名词feel like doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggest doing imagine sb doing sthdevoteto doing sth look forward to doing p

27、ay attention to doingbe used to doing cant help/stop doing insist on doingbe well worth doing be busy doing put off doingstop sb from doingkeep sb from doing prevent sb from doing consider dong hate doing forget/remember doing mean doing stand doing forgive sb. for doing sth.(sb sth 带有被动的意味；用stop /p

28、revent sb being done)keep on doingcarry on doing go on doingbe used for doingthank sb for doinghave fun have no time to do sthproblems doing 没时间做某事difficultytroublea good/great/wonderful time need doing=need to be done require doinggive up doing=drop doingspend(in) doing succeed in doing prefer doin

29、g to doing 注意区别：stop, forget, go on, remember, see(hear, watch),doing sth和to do sth 分词作定语，伴随状语b)动词的不定式decide to do, fail to do, would like to do, want to dotry to do, afford to do, offer to do, used to do, be used to dobegin(start)to do, need to do sth, plan to do, prefer to do,cant wait to do, make

30、 up ones mind to do, advise sb to dowarn sb not to do promise (sb) to doallow sb to do, encourage sb to do, expect sb to do sth, remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth) ask(tell) sb to do, a pen to write with, the ice to skate on, the space to stand in, a place to go to, which cities to travel to if

31、Im able to/ if Im told toIm glad to. Id love to (to不能省)注意下列句子：1. We should do what we can to protect the environment.2. He spent as much time as he can practising speaking English.3. Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday?4. What do you want me to pay attention to to learn English well?5.

32、 Which activity has he devoted most of his time to to enjoy himself?6. What way do you think of to prevent pollution? c)过去分词a book written by Luxun a little time left a borrowed booksee many dinosaurs discovered by you the book borrowed from the libraryfind road covered with snow a film directed by

33、sb have sth done12形容词、副词a)asasnot so(as)as=lessthanb)形容词、副词比较级可以用even, much, a little, far等来修饰.c)两者之间比较用比较级，三者三者以上用最高级。Tom is the taller of the two boys.d)比较级的叠用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful13掌握以下句型(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容词+to do sth(2) Its time for sth Its time to do sth Its t

34、ime for sb to do sth(3) It is +形+ to do sth It is +形 for sb +to do sth It is +形+of sb to do sth（表示一个人品格属性的用介词of）(4)It takes sb some time to do sth(5)Its ones turn to do sth wait for ones turn(6)Its (has been) +一段时间+since的从句=一段时间+has passed +since的从句(7) There is (are)+名词+介短 There was (were)+名词+介短 The

35、re is (are) going to be +名词+介短 There have(has) been +名词+介短 There seem(s) to beThere must/may beThere used to be(8)计量的表达结构：主语+be+数+量+形容词(9) 祈使句+and(then)+简单句（着重鼓励） 祈使句+or+简单句（着重警告）(10)until notuntil unless(11)so (such)that(enoughto/tooto)(12) Why not do Why dont you do? What (how) about doing Shall I

36、 (we) do sth(13)the+比较级, the+比较级(14) 倒装句so, neither放句首。 If your son doesnt go, neither/nor will hers. They like beef, so they do and so do we. Here comes the bus!Here it is!Among the hills is a big garden.so +倒装 neither/nor+倒装 so+主语+谓语 (15) Will you please do (not do)? Would you please do (not do)?(

37、16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of? What do you like about?(17)Would like to do sth(18) He is the first person to walk in space.(19)疑问词+不定式 What to do with=how to deal with What to do=How to do it (20) sth cost sb sb payfor sth sb buy sth for money/at the price of sb spends on sth

38、(21)find/make/keep+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词/分词做宾语补足语）(22)prefer sth to sth Prefer doing to doingprefer to do sth rather than do would rather do sth than do sth(23)have sth. done =get sth. done make sth done make sb done make himself heardhave sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth.have sth. to do (有事要做)(24)sound(taste,

39、smell, feel, look)等感观动词,get/become/turn/ grow / seem后面跟形容词做表语 stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad(25)数词+more+复数名词=another+数词+复数名词(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+从句It seems +that+从句(27)Taking more (enough )exercise is important. To take(28)be likely to doIts highly possible(2

40、9)one of the +adj.最高级+n.(pl.)(30)This is the +adj.最高级+n.+定语从句I have ever read/seen/heard(31)the second longest river, the second most useful invention十四 直接引语和间接引语 （见书本）He told me that he had met Lily two days before.I asked Kate if she would go there the next week.二、词型变化看清题目，根据所给单词确定它可能出现的几种词性和词形，从语

41、法的角度，句子的结构来考虑一词的正确用法,判断该词在句子中作何种成分，需要何种词性。1注意名词单、复数形式和所有格形式。mouse-mice tomatoes potatoes heroes mangoes Chinese Japanese sheep deer spacecraftEnglishmen Frenchmen firemen spacemen businessmen policemenGermans humans walkmansfoot-feet tooth-teeth boot-bootsloaf-loaves leaf-leaves knife-knives half-ha

42、lvesmen teachers women doctors注：表示人的名词来修饰名词用其复数的所有格的形式。mens shoes babies clothes womens skirts ladies/mens roomGermans the girls 400 metres=the girls 400-meter race ask two days sick leave Jims two-month holiday=Jims two months holidayhave a sports meeting sports shoes/clothes e.g. His drawing is be

43、tter than any of his classmates.2.形容词、副词要注意它们的区别以及原级比较级和最高级的使用。a) asas not so(as)as lessthan （用原级）b)形容词、副词的转换 politely widely safelytrue-truly （去e加ly） simple possible terrible comfortable gentle probable（去e加y） c)短语less developed countries feel (less) lonely the most/least expensive（注意语境）d)例句Kate is

44、a careful girl. She does her lesson carefully every day.John is the cleverer of the two boys.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.In which country is the weather most like Chinas?Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. any city in JiangsuKate is taller than any other boy i

45、n her class.e)特殊形容词、副词的比较级和最高级ill manybad worse worst much more mostbadly little-less-leastfar farther farthestfurther furthest a most beautiful city popular tourist attractionsn-adj 8B p30 加ful/lessv/adj-n 8B p82 加ment/ness/tion/ation 3数词则应考虑基数词、序数词，倍数和分数各种形式。 one-first two-second three-third five-

46、fifth four-fourth fourteenth forty-fortiethnine-ninth nineteenth ninety-ninetieth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentiethhundreds of , many thousands of, several thousand years, two thirds of, most of, in the twenty-first century, in the 2020s（二十一世纪二十年代）, on the fifteenth floor. a)序数词（第几课、几页、在哪一世纪，在第几层，第几个生

47、日） b)倍数 once twice, three times, twice as big as c)分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母序数词加s。 4代词要注意主格、宾格、名、形物主代词，反身代词 a)teach sb a subject tell sb a story(代词一定用宾格) tell the truth tell sb. a joke tell sb. a funny story belong to sb.( him/Mary) b)say to oneself learnby oneself teachoneself help oneself to devot

48、e oneself to lose oneself in leaveby oneselfenjoy oneself dress oneself hurt oneself improve oneselfa friend of mine my mothersThis is a picture of me when I was young. 5动词要根据时态、语态人称和数的变化以及各种非谓语动词形式 a)This kind of book sells(play wash write ) well. feel soft/hardThe pen writes well. The food tastes

49、delicious.The flowers grow well. The dress looks nice on you.The silk feels soft. The car broke down on the way to school.The kind of magazine comes out once a week. b) the boy has been told(tell) not to play with fire. c) most of及two thirds of主语时动词应取决于of后面的名词，the number ofthe population ofthe price

50、 of这三个短语后面谓语动词均用单数。this kind of this piece ofthis pair of后面的谓语动词也用单数。而a crowd of a group of a number of 后跟复数名词，谓语动词用复数。 注：Three months is quite a long time.Two years has passed since he came to China.1/4 of the population are workers. d)注意中心词作主语：如the teacher with the students, the windows of our cla

51、ssroom, everyone except the students among them e)ask(tell want get ) sb to do sth 以及give(pass /show /send /lend /teach sb sth), sb作主语时，则这个句子一定用被动态) warn sb(not) to do sth f)其它短语 promise sb successprovide sth for sbprovide sb with sthpresent sb with sthhonour sb with sth现在分词作定语a shopping list (baske

52、t) a developing country the following week, the coming trip, a missing necklace the living things/areas sleeping pills a sleeping bag washing machinethe flight number leaving Beijing.A lot of good land has gone, leaving only land.过去分词作定语a developed country the book sold on the train a little time le

53、ft a borrowed book a book borrowed from the libraryPlease read the book written by LuXun.the worker called (named) Tom 区别 the worker calling himself Tom(注意下面用过去分词和现在分词做定语的区别和用法)The photos taken on the Great Wall havent come out yet.The books based on Zhang Yunquan are popular among the people in Chi

54、na.The woman feeding the chickens in the yard is my aunt.I cant remember the words beginning with “L”.Nobody likes _, so youd better be kind to others.A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. be laughed at D. being laughed atbe prevented from being sent to hospital6反义词：8A P 80 8B P12 with-without, luck-lucky(unluckily), usual-unusual, ever-never, likeunlike(dislike), careful-careless, coverdiscover, appear-disappear, able-unable 注意看语境、看上下文 7. 注意下列句子1) Ill do what I can to help the needy children.2) What way can you think of to improve our lives?3) What do y