难句分割及句间关系(教师版)

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1、难句分割1. Breaking away from in dustrial agriculture as the solutio n to hun ger may be very hard for_some_co un tries, 动名词短语作主语谓语表语but in Britain, where the immediate need to supply food l is_less_urgent, and the costs and the damage of转折信号词1非限制性定语从句(并列句)2由and连接的并列句intensive farming have been clearly

2、seen it_may_ be more feasible. (C7T2RP2)主谓表【结构】1、由but连接的表示转折的句子； 2、主体框架为：Break ing away from in dustrial agriculture may be very hard for some countries, but in Britainit may be more feasible; 3 、it 指代真正的主语 breaking away from industrial agriculture as the soluti on to hun ger, 避免重复。【译文】对于一些国家而言，通过摆脱

3、工业化农业解决饥饿问题也许相当困难，但在英国，对粮食的需求相对缓和，并且大家都清楚的看到了集约农业所消耗的成本并带来的破坏，放弃工业化农业更为可行。2. The shin bashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the buildi ng, constrained in dividual stories from主语插入语(现在分词短语作定语)谓语宾语moving too far because, after moving a certain distanee, they banged intoit, transmitting e

4、nergy away along信号词插入语(介词短语)原因状语从句现在分词短语作结果状语the column. (C7T2RP1)【结构】1、由because连接的表示因果的句子；2、主体框架为：The shin bashira - con strai ned in dividualstories - because 【译文】被称为shinbashira的中柱从建筑中央的孔贯穿而下，使得单个楼层不会移动得太远，因为每移动一段距离之后，能量也就通过柱子转走了。3. However, recent discoveries, research and experiments. have shed

5、new light on exactly how it was built,转折信号词主语谓语宾语从句challenging the assumptions of recent decades. (C7GTBRS3)现在分词短语作结果状语【结构】1、由however开头的表示转折的句子；2、主体框架为：然而， recent discoveries, research andexperiments have shed new light on exactly how it was built 【译文】然而，最近的发现、研究和实验结果对铁桥的建造过程作出了新的阐释，对近几十年的假设提出了质疑。4.

6、 Un precede nted con structi on of tens of thousa nds of monumen tai engin eeri ng projects designed to control 主语 介词of引导的介词短语作后置定语1修饰constructionfloods,protect clean water supplies,a nd provide water for irrigati on an d hydropowerbrought great_benefits_过去分词designed引导的过去分词短语作后置定语2修饰projects ,谓语 宾语d

7、esig ned后又跟三个并列的动词不定式，作目的状语，修饰desig nedto hun dreds of milli ons of people. (C7T1RP2)【结构】1、难点是主语部分冗长，主语的中心语是construction ,后跟了两个超长的后置定语。2、主体框架为：con struct ion -brought great ben efits 【译文】数以万计大型水利工程的建造是史无前例的，旨在防洪，保证清洁水资源的供应，提供足够 的水用以农田灌溉和水力发电，已经造福了数亿人。5. The new breeding programme, run by the Austral

8、ian Customs,is so successful that more than 50% ofits dogs 主 ()make the grade. (C7GTARS3)谓语【结构】1主体框架是so由滉引导的结果状语从句；2、主语部分比较长，与系动词之间还插入了过去分词作插入语。【译文】澳大利亚海关负责的新犬培育计划相当成功，其培育出的狗有一半以上达标。6. During_a_routine_mail_screen that can take hours, the_dogs stay so_focused that_not_even a postcard, linedwith时间状语(

9、包含一个that引导的定语从句)谓语结果状语从句：主语过去分词短0.5 grams of heroin and hidden in a bulging sack ofletters escapes detection. (C7GTARS3)语作后置定语1信过去分词短语作后置定语2谓语宾语【结构】1、主体框架是sothat引导的结果状语从句；2、主句的主语部分还包括一个定语从句；3、从句的主语部分后跟两个并列的过去分词短语作后置定语。【译文】再一次耗时数小时的例行邮件检查中，警犬高度专注，可以在鼓鼓的一大袋信件中查找出一张藏有0.5克海洛因的明信片。7. With the on set of s

10、tatehood, however,the State ofAlaska, tookover management of its own fisheries, _guided_转折信号词主语谓语宾语by_a_state_constitution which mandates that Alaska natural resources be managed on a sustainable basis.过去分词短语作伴随状语定从 宾从：谓语(虚拟(should) do)(C7T4PR2)【结构】1、复杂；2、主体框架是 theStateofAlaskatookovermanagementofit

11、sownfisheries ,后跟一 个过去 分词短语作伴随状语，其中包括一个定语从句，定语从句中有嵌套一个宾语从句。【译文】不过，阿拉斯加州政府通过抗争夺回了渔业自主管理权，在州宪法的指导下开展渔业活动。州宪法规定阿拉斯加的自然资源必须在可持续发展的基础上进行开发利用。8. But, in 1993, fed up with the poor success rate offinding good dogs this way, John Vandeloo, senior转折信号词形容词短语作原因状语主语instructor with the Detector Dog Unit, joined

12、 forces _with Kath Champness,then a doctoral student atthe 同位语1谓1宾状同位语2University of Melbourne, and_ set up a breeding programme. (C7GTARS1)并谓2宾语【结构】1、由but连接的表示转折的句子；2、主体框架是JohnVandeloo joined the forces with KathChampness - and set up a breeding programme ； 3、 全句的主语是 John Vandeloo , 后跟同位语解释说明 他的 职业

13、和地位等等，他发出了两个并列的动作，第一是与KathChampness联手，后再跟一个同位语解释说明 Kath Champness 的职业地位等等，第二个动作是 set up a breeding programme 。【译文】但是在1993年，侦探犬训练部高级教官约翰凡德鲁(John Vandeloo )厌倦了用某种方法寻找优良犬的低成功率，于是与凯斯钱伯尼斯一一当时她还是墨尔本大学的在读博士生，联手开展了一个培育计划。9. In_any_event, whether or not the reason , is _the energy expense seems to be_the cas

14、e that, with the possible 让步状语让步状语从句主系表形主一谓表一exceptio n_of_some_wired_deep-sea_fish, no animal apart from ma n_ uses ma nu factured light to_find_its_way_插入语 真主谓宾about. (C7T1RP1)【结构】1、in any event,肯定是表示让步的句子；2、主体框架为 - it seems to be the case that 。3、 首先是一个由whether引导让步状语从句，接主句it seems，再接插入语，真正的主语置后。4

15、、主语的成分由主语从句充当。【译文】无论是不是能量消耗的缘故，事实是，除了一些深海怪鱼外，绝没有其他任何生物像人类这样自己制造光源来寻找方向。10. What_those_early_craftsmen_had_ found _by trial and error -was that_under pressure, a pagodas loose stack of主语从句系动词主语floors could be made to slither to and fro independent of one another. (C7T2RP1) 谓语【结构】1、整体结构比较简单，就是一个主系表的结构

16、；2、主体框架是 What those early craftsmen hadfound by trial and error was that ；2、主语由主语从句充当，was系动词，表语由表语从句充当。【译文】通过不断摸索，古代工匠们终于发现了其中的奥秘：在压力下，宝塔松散堆叠的楼层可以被造得能够自由前后滑行。11. Experiments showed that, in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although主语谓语插入语宾从主语谓语部分名词短语作宾语让步信号词t

17、he sensation may be referred to the front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom limb. (C7T1RP1) 让 步状语从句比较信号词介词短语作比较状语【结构】1、整体上是一个由although引导的表示让步的句子；2、主体框架是experiments showed that，although;3、宾语从句+让步状语从句。【译文】实验表明，虽然这种感觉可能与脸的正面有关系，但实际上，面感视觉与触碰或者脸的正面没有任何关系，正如幻肢中的牵涉性疼痛感一样。12. This means that

18、a forest policy_ is_vital, that_it_must_ transcend national frontiers and generations of people, and_主谓宾语从句1宾语从句2that it mustallow for the inevitable changes. thattake place .in_the_forests,_in_needs,_and_hence_inpolicy.宾语从句3定语从句(C7T3RP3)【结构】1、整体上看是一个主谓宾的句式，宾语部分由三个并列的宾语从句充当，最后一个宾语从句含有一个定语从句；2、主体框架是

19、this means that,that,and that。【译文】这就意味着，制订一项超越国界、跨越几代人的森林政策至关重要，并且必须考虑到森林坏境、人们的需求、国家政策可能发生的不可避免的变化。谓语13. MIRTP focused on what would b) e most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete in terms of what _Was 主语(特殊信号词)一宾语从句一available,_how_much_they_could_ afford and what_they_ were _willing_to_accept.

20、 (C7T2RP3)状语部分：有由三个并列的宾语从句构成【结构】1、整体上看是主谓宾的句式；2、宾语部分由宾语从句构成；3、in terms of后为状语部分，由三个并列的宾语从句构成。【译文】马科特乡村一体化交通项目致力于找到最适合当地居民的交通工具，这种工具必须是现有的、居民买得起有愿意接受的。14. Lozanov in structio nal tech nique is based on the evide nee that the connection s made i n_the_brai n_through_主语 谓语状语 同从：主语后置定语修饰conn ectio nsunc

21、on scious_process in g_(which_he_ calls .non-specific men tal_reactivity)_ are _ more durable tha n_ thosemade定语从句谓语表语比较信号词through conscious processing. (C7T1RP3)后置定语修饰those【结构】1、整体上看是个主谓结构，这个句子就没有宾语；2、整体框架是Lozanov instructional techniqueis based on the evidenee that ；3、 on the evidenee 作状语， 后由 that

22、弓|导的同位语从句，其本位词是evidenee ；4、整个同位语从句中包含一个括号内的定语从句，起补充说明的作用。【译文】洛扎诺夫的教学技巧基于这样的证据：在无意思状态下(他称此为非特定心理反应)大脑所 做出的各种联系要比在有意思状态下做出的持续时间更长。15. Through_meeting_with_the_staff_and_satisfied_students_they_develop the expectation that learning. will be easy方式状语主谓宾同位语从句1and pleasant and that they will successfully

23、learn several hundred words of the_foreign_language_during_the_并歹!J信号词同位语从句 2class. (C7T1RP3)【结构】1、该句整体框架是 - they develop the expectation that and that，是一个简单的主谓宾结构；2、该句的难点是宾语后接了两个并列的长长的同位语从句；本位词是expectatio n。【译文】通过与老师以及对体验效果感到满意的学生进行交流，他们形成了一种期待，那就是接下来的学习将是简单轻松的，他们在一节课的时间里就可以成功记忆几百个外语词汇。16. Some wat

24、er experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than 丰语 谓语宾语从句(should ) do)虚拟语气转折信号词building new facilities, which_ is _in creasi ngly_c on sidered_the_optio n_of_last,_ no非限制性定语从句which引导非限制项目应该被看作最t_first,_resort._(C7T1RP2)【结构】 1 、整体框架是Some water experts are

25、 now demanding that.引导宾语从句，性定语从句。【译文】一些水利专家强调，现有的水利设施应该被更好的利用起来，而不是再建新项目。新建水利后一根救命稻草而不是首选举措。17. Besides the laboratory evidenee for this, we know from our experienee that_we_often_ remember what we have状语主谓状宾从1:一谓语一宾从2谓perceived peripherally, long_after_we_ have forgotten what we set out to learn. (

26、C7T1RP3)时间状语从句：谓语宾从3谓语【结构】1、难点是从句套从句，显得比较复杂。【译文】除了实验室有证据可以证明这一点之外，我们自身的经历也表明：我们特意去学习的内容在 过了很长时间后往往会被忘记，但却还会记得学习期间所感知道的一些不重要的信息。Just as引导方式状语从句18. Just_as_ a doctor calls on _the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that the patient Itake preciselythis主谓宾语方式状语宾从(虚)：主谓capsule precisely_thr

27、ee_times_a_day_before_meals, _Lozanov .js_ categoric in insistingthat_the_suggestopedic_宾主系表方式状语宾语从句(虚)session be conducted exactly in the manner desig nated, by trained and accredited suggestopedic teachers.谓语后置定语修饰ma nner施动者(C7T1PR3)【结构】1、全句的主干是一个主系表结构Lozanov is categoric；2、just as引导方式状语从句；方式状语by

28、insisting后that引导宾语从句要求使用虚拟语气；3、句子主干主系表结构；4、再接方式状语in insisting ,后that引导宾语从句要求使用虚拟语气，且该句使用了被动语态。【译文】正如医生坚持要求病人必须每天三次在餐前服用某种白色胶囊，以此来充分利用权威暗示的力量一样，洛扎诺夫也坚持要求暗示教学法一定要按照事先指定的方式进行，并且要由培训过的合格教师来教授。19. You might say that this .a problem oftheir own making,one that they couldavoid simply by changing their主 谓 宾

29、语从句 problem 后置定语，同位语定语从句habits and hunting by dav. (C7T1RP1)方式状语【结构】1、句子主干为you say that. ； 2、that引导宾语从句；3、one为同位语，本位词是 problem ,后接that引导的定语从句修饰one ; 3、by .为定语从句中的方式状语。【译文】也许你会说这是它们自己造成的问题，因为只要通过改变生活习性在白天出来捕食，就可以 轻松解决这一问题,20. That is mai nly because the costs of all this damageare what econo mists re

30、fer to .as exter nalities: they are主系因果信表从：主系表从：主谓语 宾语outside the main transaction, which is for example producing and selling a field of wheat, and_are_ borne同位语从句非限制性定语从句修饰tran sactiondirectly by n either producers nor con sumers. (C7T2RP2)【结构】1、该句的主干是that is because- , that指代上下文中的某一事实；2、because作为

31、因果信号词引导表语从句，表语从句中表语的成分也是由表语从句担当；3、后接一个同位语从句，对表语从句起到解释说明的作用；4、同位语从句中又夹杂这一个非限制性定语从句。【译文】这主要是因为，这些破坏的代价是经济学家们所说的“外部经济效应”，它们不像生产或出售一块地的小麦那样出现在主要的交易过程中，而且它们也不是由生产者和消费者直接来承担的。句间关系A report on young driver research prepared last year by Mon ash Uni versity s aOdhdi t research cethat in 1990 and 1991, almost

32、 a third of the people killed in road crashes were drivers un der 25, yet this age group represents) nly 14 per cent of the populatio n.Geological moveme nts are not the only occurre nces to trigger an earthquake. Huma n activity, most ofte n the filli ng of reservoirs with extraord in arily large a

33、mounts of water, can also cause earthquake. Lake Mead, on the Colorado River in the United States, was filled in 1935 and was the first example of an artificial lake being resp on sible for earthquake activity. Similarly, massive explosi ons, such as quarry blast ing and nu clear tests can also wreak havoc.Like lizards, dinosaurs are included in the class Reptilia, or reptiles, one of the five main classes of Vetebrata, ani mals with backb ones.