Unit+4+Why+don’t+you+talk+to+your+parents重点知识

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1、八年级英语下册重点知识小结Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents重点知识一、词形变化1.wrong right(反义词) municate(动词) communication（名词） 3.cloud(名词) cloudy(形容词) 4.old older/elder (比较级) 5. second secondly (副词) 6.explain (动词) explanation（名词） pete(动词) competition (名词) 8. craze(名词) crazy (形容词) 9. develop(动词) development（名词） 10

2、.usual （形容词） usually（副词） 11.perhaps maybe/probably (同义词)二、重点短语新学1.get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠 2.have free time 有空闲时间 3.afterschool classes 课外活动课 4.take/ have after-school classes参加课后辅导班5.until midnight 直到半夜 6. too many books太多的书7. study too much学得过多 8.look through 翻看9.a big deal 重要的事 10.work out 成功地发展 1

3、1.get on with 和睦相处，关系良好 12.feel lonely and nervous感到孤独和紧张9.fight a lot 经常吵架/打架 13.hang over 笼罩 14.copy ones homework 抄袭某人的作业 15.be oneself 做自己 16.spend time alone 独自消磨时光 17.give sb. pressure 给某人施压 pete with sb.与某人竞争 19.free time activities 业余活动 20. copy one s homework抄袭某人的作业 21.cause a lot of stress

4、导致许多压力22.give ones opinion 提出某人的观点 23.learn exam skills 学习应试技巧 24.practice sports 体育训练 25.cut out 删除 parewith比较；对比 27.cause stress 造成压力复习28.find somebody doing something发现某人正在做复习1.talk to sb.与某人交谈 2.too many/ too much太多 3.hang out with sb.与某人闲逛 4.write sb. a letter 给某人写信 5.call sb up 给某人打电话 6.be ang

5、ry with sb.生某人的气7.so that 以便 8.all the time 一直9.in future 今后 10.make sb. angry 使某人生气11.worry about sth.担心某事 12.family members 家庭成员13.get better grades 取得更好的成绩14.3get on (well) with somebody和某人相处（得好）15.get into a good university / a good senior high school上好大学/高中16.take him to the ball game带他去参加球类比赛1

6、7. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠 18. write sb. a letter给某人写信19. be angry with sb. 生某人的气20.give something back to somebody= return something to somebody归还某物给某人21.forget about 忘掉 22.stress out过度紧张/劳累三、重点句型1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 2.get into a fight with sb.（=fight with sb.= have a fight with sb.）与某人争吵/打架

7、 3.surprise sb 令某人惊讶 4.refuse to do sth。拒绝做某事 5.offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 6.mind sb doing sth.介意某人做某事四、重点句子1. I studied until mid night last night so I didnt get enough sleep.我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。2. Why don t you forge t about it?=why not forget about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢？3. Although shes wrong, its not a big deal.

8、虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。5. May be you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。6. When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们吵架的时候，我们的家就像笼罩在大大的乌云一样。7. I guess I could, but I dont want to surprise him. 我想我可以.但我不

9、想让他感到惊讶。8. Life shouldnt just be about grades.生活不应该仅仅与成绩有关。五、重点语言点新学1.allow.意为“允许；许可”，常用于“allow sb. to do sth.”结构，表示“允许某人做某事”。allow后面可接动名词作宾语，不可用动词不定式作宾语，即： allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。如：My father allowed me to play basketball after finishing my homework. 我的父亲允许我做完作业后打篮球。They do not allow smoking in pub

10、lic. 他们不允许在公共场合吸烟。注意 allow用于被动语态时，必须接不定式作宾语补足语，不能接动名词形式。“Sb. / Sth. be allowed to do sth.”结构，也可在allow后面接介词短语，即“Sb. / Sth. be allowed 介词短语”。如：Women were not allowed to take part in the games. 妇女是不允许参加这些比赛的。I dont allow dogs in the house. 我不允许狗进屋。2.until(1)用于肯定句，until表示“直到.为止”,肯定形式表示的意思是做某事直至某时，动词必须是延

11、续性的。I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 （在肯定句中可用before代替 Let”s get in the wheat before the sun sets.） （2）用于否定句：not until表示“直到才”。否定形式表达的意思是直至某时才做某事。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 She didn”t arrive until 6 o”clock. 她直到6点才到。 Don”t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I cant d

12、o it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。3.why dont youwhy dont you + 动词原形 “为什么不” 表示提建议 = why not + 动词原形如：why dont you go shopping?你为什么不去购物呢？（建议你去购物） =why not go shopping? 4.find(1)find后面可以直接跟宾语，即:find sb /sth (2)find后面可以跟从句作宾语:find that.或者find +wh疑问词引导的宾语从句， 例如:They found that they had made a

13、mistake. 他们发现他们犯了一个错误。(3)find后可以跟双宾语:find +sb +sth 例如:I found him a good job我给他找了个好工作。 (4)find + sb /sth + doing sth. He found the old man working in his garden. 他发现那个老人正在花园里干活5.deal(1) 用作名词主要用于 a good great deal (of)表示“许多” a great good deal of 之后通常接不可数名词: He seems to have a good deal of money. 他似乎有

14、很多钱。He has done a great deal of traveling. 他旅游了很多地方。 (2) 用作动词，用于 deal with, 意为“处理”、“对付”、“对待”、 “论述”、“做买卖”等: How shall we deal with this matter? 这事我们怎么处理?I dont know how to deal with him. 我不知怎样与他相处。 6. get on with 相当于get along, 表示“与友好相处”。He is slowly getting on with his schoolmates他正慢慢地和同学们友好相处。The ne

15、w teacher is getting on well with the students新教员和学生们相处得很好。7. argue（1） argue about (over) sth 为某事而争论。如：They always argue about over money. 他们总是为钱争吵。They are arguing about over who lost the ball. 他们在争论是谁丢了球。注：有时 argue 后可接 with sb, 表示与某人争吵。如：He argued with the driver about the fare. 他就车费与司机论理。（2）argue

16、 sb into (out of) (doing) sth说服某人做(不做)某事。如：They tried to argue me into joining them. 他们设法要说服我加入他们一起干。We argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey. 我们说服他不去作那样危险的旅行。8. hang over笼罩；威胁Trouble hangs over the little town because its only factory has closed down这个小镇陷入困境之中，因为它唯一的工厂已经关闭。Danger hung

17、 over his head as he spoke他说话时，危难正降临到他头上。9.offeroffer有(主动)拿给,给予的意思,相当于give, 后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,即offer sb sth =offer sth to sb, 如: The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus. 那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那个老人。 Many people willingly offered their blood. 很多人自愿献血。 10. communicatecommunicate的基本意思是“

18、传达”“表达”,指把信息、知识、性能等传达给有关各方使用，引申可表示“交际”“交流”“交通”或“相连”“相通”。 communicate接介词to可以表示“传送给”,接with可以表示“与联系”或“与相通”。如：He has communicated his wishes to me.他已经把他的愿望告诉了我。 I like to communicate with my family.我喜欢和我的家人沟通。 11.explain解释；说明，后面接名词、从句作宾语。Will you please explain the third paragraph again for us? 请您把第三段给我

19、们再解释一下好吗? Can you explain why you were late? 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？12.return(1)“返回”，相当于“go back / get back / come back. 如:Ann will visit you when he returns to London. (当“返回”时是不及物动词，先加to才可再加地点。另外，return已含有back的意思，后不可再跟back.) (2)“归还”，相当于“give back”如:I have returned the dictionary. (当“归还”时是及物动词，后直接加物，若再接人时方可加

20、to. 同样不可再跟back. 如:You should return the piano to Dick on time.)13.leave(1)leave for 是出发至某处 如: He left for Beijing yesterday. (2)leave sth for sb 是把什么留给什么人 如：She left these flowers for you. leave sb for sb 是离开什么人去和什么人在一起 如：He left his wife for a young lady. (3/0leave sth to do sth 是指为做某事离开某处 如：He lef

21、t her house to catch the last bus. (4)leave sb doing sth 是让某人单独做某事 如：Dont leave your children playing with fire.forget和leave的用法与区别: forget to do 忘记做某事 forget doing 忘记曾做过某事 leave sth some place 把某物落在某地（忘在某地）如：I left my assignment at home.(我把作业落在家里了)I forget to bring my assignment(我忘记带作业了)14.opinion(1

22、) n.意见，主张；评价；鉴定，判定 Whats your opinion about this trip? 你对这次旅行有什么看法？(2) in ones opinion. 在某人看来.如: In my opinion,its important for us to protect the earth. 我认为,对我们来说保护地球很重要. 也可以写成I think it is important for us to protect the earth. 但用了I think千万不要用in my opinion了.15.continue表示继续做某事，其后既可接动名词也可接不定式，且意义相同。

23、如：They continued to meet meeting daily. 他们继续每天都见面。He continued to write writing while in hospital. 他住院时他继续写作。pare(1)表示“把与比较”，通常用 compare.with.，但在现代英语中，也可用compare. to.，或者用 compare.and.。如:If you compare his work with and hers, youll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。Having compared the

24、new dictionary with to, and the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后，他发现新词典更有用。(2)表示“把比作”，通常用 compare.to.，一般不用 compare.with.。如:Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. 诗人把他所爱的女人比作玫瑰。复习1. wrong注意：whats wrong 的同义句有：Whats th

25、e trouble？Whats up? What the problem？Whats the matter? 他们后面都可以跟介词with+某人2.be good at, 善于,擅长于,它的比较级为be better at,同义词是 do well in. 后面可以加sth. ，也可以加doing sth.如：Im good at playing chess. 我擅长下象棋。We should be good at learning from each other. 我们应该善于互相学习。3.so that (1)引导目的状语从句 so that“以便，为了”，引导一个表示目的的状语从句，此时

26、可与 in order that 换用；从句谓语中常用情态动词 may/might, can/could, should, would 等；主从句间连接紧凑，没有逗号相隔。例：My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that(= in order that) he might keep up with times. 父亲六十岁时才开始学习电脑，以便跟上时代。I spend more time learning English every day so that(= in order that) I can mak

27、e greater progress this year. 为了今年取得更大进步，我每天用了更多的时间学英语。(2)引导结果状语从句so that“结果，因此”，引导一个表示结果的状语从句，此时不能与 in order that 换用；从句中谓语根据需要使用相应的时态，主从句间可有逗号相隔。本文开头所列举例句中的 so that 就是这种用法。又如：She had not planned her time well,so that she did not finish her homework on time. 她没把时间计划好，结果没按时完成家庭作业。Wang Lang did not wo

28、rk hard enough, so that she is out of work when she is still young. 王浪工作不够努力，因此，年轻时就失业了。4.instead 和instead of(1)Instead 单独使用的时候做副词，常用于句末。如：Weve no coffee. Would you like tea instead. 我没有咖啡了，喝茶行吗It will take days by car, so lets fly instead. 坐汽车得好几天时间，所以我们还是改乘飞机吧。（2）instead of作为短语介词，后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也

29、跟复合结构。表示“代替，而不是”If I hadnt got a cold Id be working instead of lying here in bed.如果我不是感冒了，我会一直工作而不是躺在床上。Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把，反而嘲笑我们。（3）Instead of作为连词，后面跟形容词、副词、动词、不定式、介词短语和从句。表示“而不是”Taking exercise every day makes him look younger instead of older. 每天锻炼身体使他显得更年轻而不是苍

30、老。（连接形容词）I go to bed late instead of early.我总是很晚才睡。（连接副词）He proposes to do some work instead of to watch television.他提议做些工作而不是看电视。（连接不定式）5.although，同义词是thoughalthough引导让步状语从句，放在主句前后均可，有时还可放在句中。如：Although many difficulties are still ahead, we are determined to make greater achievements. 尽管在前面的道路上还有许多

31、困难，但是，我们决心要取得更大的成就。 He often helps me with my English although he is quite busy. 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语。although引导的从句不能与but, however连用，但可与yet, still连用。不能说：Although he was old, but he worked hard. 应把but去掉。当然，保留but而去Although也可。6.without(1)(表否定)没有，无，不需。如：The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。W

32、e got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。 (2) (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定)没有不，没有则不能，每必定。如：You cant get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。 (3) (与-ing形式连用)不，无，没。如：She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。It goes without saying

33、 that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。7.enough(1) enough作副词用时，意为“充分地；足够地”，通常要把它放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面，常与不定式或介词for连用。如： You dont practise enough at the piano. 你钢琴弹奏练习得不够。 Is the river deep enough for swimming? 河水够深来游泳吗？ (2) eno

34、ugh作形容词，意为“充足的；足够的”，在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时，一般放在它所修饰的名词前面。如： I have enough money to buy a colour TV set. 我有足够的钱买台彩电。 Fifteen minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 15分钟够你喝杯咖啡了。 (3) enough也可作代词用，意为“充分;足够”。如： I have had enough, thank you. 谢谢你，我吃饱了。8.提建议的句子（1）用于提建议的句型有：What about doing sth?=How about

35、 doing sth? .怎么样？Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？Lets do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗？had better do/not do sth.最好做/不做某事Will/Would you please do sth?请你做好吗？Would you like to do sth?你想去做某事吗？Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？（2）同意对方的建议时，一般用：Good idea./ Thats good idea. 好主意 OK/ All ri

36、ght./ Great 好/ 行/太好了Yes, please ./Id love to 是的/ 我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法No problem 没问题 Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想（3）对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：I dont think so 我认为不是这样 Sorry, I cant 对不起，我不能Id love to, but Im afraid我愿意，但恐怕六、重点语法-情态动词could和would的用法1. can (could) 1）表示能力，could主要

37、指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to 60, that is 60 below freezing. 气温可降至60，也就是零下60。 He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustnt smoke while youre

38、walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 3）表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the readingroom. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？ He cant (

39、couldnt) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？ 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ Im afraid we couldnt give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。2.would 1）表意愿。 They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。 I said I would do an

40、ything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。 2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗？ Would you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗？ They wouldnt have anything against it. 他们不会有什么反对意见。 3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。他告诉我盒子打不开了。5