现在完成时讲解绝对PPT学习教案

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1、会计学1漫长的假期过漫长的假期过后，同学们的后，同学们的差距会拉大。差距会拉大。第1页/共44页第2页/共44页真题再现：真题再现： I have never been to Beijing for the summer holidays, and _ he . A.so has B.neither has C.so have D.neither have真题再现：真题再现： -She _ ten years ago-You mean she _ him for ten years？（）？（）； has got married to B.got married； has got married

2、 with C.got married； has been married with D.got married； has been married to第3页/共44页现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的使用场景现在完成时的使用场景现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语短暂性性动词与延续性动词短暂性性动词与延续性动词与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较第4页/共44页have (hashave (has）+ + 过去分词过去分词第5页/共44页present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时( present perfect tense)do my hom

3、ework I have done my homework. 一，一，现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构第6页/共44页 一，一，现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构第7页/共44页She has already finished the work.她已经完成了工作。她已经完成了工作。场景一场景一. .表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与影响或结果。常与already(already(已经已经) )，just (just (刚刚刚刚) )，yet(yet(然而，还然而，还) )，ever(ever(曾经曾经) )，never(never(从不从不) )

4、，so far(so far(到目前为止到目前为止) )，up till now (up till now (到目前为止到目前为止) )等连用。等连用。第8页/共44页I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years. ten years.我已经学了我已经学了10多年的英语。多年的英语。(从从10年前开始年前开始,持续到现在还在学持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳

5、半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游到现在还在游)场景二场景二. .表示动作从过去已经开始表示动作从过去已经开始, , 持续到现持续到现在，并有可能继续下去。常与在，并有可能继续下去。常与since + since + 过去过去的时间点，的时间点，for + for + 一段时间，一段时间，so farso far等连用。等连用。第9页/共44页I haveI have ever ever beenbeen to the Summer Palace? to the Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园我曾去过颐和园) She has gone to Jinan. 她已经去了济南她已经去

6、了济南。have been to 去了已回去了已回have gone to 去了未回去了未回have been in 待在某地（多长时间）待在某地（多长时间）第10页/共44页have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been第11页/共44页第12页/共44页1）already 已经，已经，句中，句中，往往用于往往用于肯定句肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。Has he already left he

7、re? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）第13页/共44页2.） yet在现在完成时中在现在完成时中用于否定句和疑问句。用于否定句和疑问句。 否定句否定句:句末句末 “还还(没没)”疑问句疑问句: 句末句末 “己经己经” Eg. I havent had breakfast yet. Have you had breakfast yet?第14页/共44页3） never 是否定词，表示是否定词，表示“从来没有从来没有”，而，而ever 表示表示“曾经曾经”，just“刚刚刚刚”。他们都位。他们都位于于have/has 后。后。 We have never been to the

8、Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。我们从来没有去过长城。 Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？你们曾经去过加拿大吗？ He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。他刚刚回来。第15页/共44页1，Have you _ been to Beijing. 你你曾经去过北京吗？曾经去过北京吗？2，I have _ read the book. 我已经我已经读了这本书。读了这本书。3，Have you found the rule _ ? 你你已经找到这个规则了吗？已经找到这个规则了吗？4，I have _ come back.我

9、刚刚回我刚刚回来。来。5，He has _ been to Jinan. 他从来他从来没去过济南。没去过济南。already, yet ,never, ever, just第16页/共44页4） for+时间段时间段 I have been here for 5 weeks.我在这儿我在这儿5年了。年了。 Hes studied English for 3 years.我学英我学英语语3年了。年了。第17页/共44页5） since+过去的时间点（过去时的从句、一过去的时间点（过去时的从句、一段时间段时间+ago） I have been here since 2000.我从我从2000年就在

10、这儿。年就在这儿。 I have been here since 5 years ago.我我从从5年前开始在这儿。年前开始在这儿。 I have been here since I graduated in 2000.自从自从2000年我毕业，我就在这儿。年我毕业，我就在这儿。第18页/共44页 注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.Eg. I have been here (ever) since. I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.第19页/共44页注2):

11、 对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.Eg. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?第20页/共44页选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His

12、 father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ sever

13、al 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.6. Its five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincsince eforforsincesince第21页/共44页口诀：口诀： 过去的动作或状态，过去的动作或状态， 一直持续到现在，一直持续到现在， for和和since把时间带把时间带 动词必须是延续动词必须是延续 否定句中又除外否定句中又除外第22页/共44页判断：（判断：（1

14、）这本书我已经买了）这本书我已经买了3年了。年了。 Ive bought the book for three years. Ive had the book for three years. (2) I havent bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 I have bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车一年了。我买这辆自行车一年了。第23页/共44页四，短暂性动词与延续动词第24页/共44页短暂性动词表示短暂的动作。在肯定句、短暂性动词表示短暂的动作。在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用

15、，这些动词有疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词有come, go, beging, start, die, buy, come, go, beging, start, die, buy, borrow,sellborrow,sell等。等。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如：延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如：learnlearn，workwork，stand,read,sleepstand,read,sleep，staystay等。等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语“for+“for+时间段，时间段，since+since+过去时间点，过去时间点，how how

16、 long”long”等连用。等连用。第25页/共44页判断：判断：这家商店开门这家商店开门6个小时个小时 The shop has open for 6 hours. The shop has been open for 6 hours.第26页/共44页短暂性动词的转化为延续性动词短暂性动词的转化为延续性动词1，第一招第一招 变成持续动词变成持续动词如：如：borrow-keep.2，第二招第二招 变成系表结构变成系表结构如：如：finish-be over.第27页/共44页第一招第一招 变成持续动词变成持续动词转成持续不用愁。转成持续不用愁。买来、得到变拥有，买来、得到变拥有，( (b

17、uy /get/ receive /get/ receive have) ) 借入一定变保留。借入一定变保留。( borrow ( borrow keep) keep)穿上变穿着，穿上变穿着，( (put on wear) )感冒感冒have a coldhave a cold。( ( get/ catch a cold have a cold) )开始做某事，开始做某事，toto后动词持续的。后动词持续的。( come to ( come to knowknow know know ，start/begin to study study) study)到达变停留，也可到达变停留，也可be i

18、nbe in、be at。( ( reach/arrive in, at /get toreach/arrive in, at /get to be in /at) be in /at)第28页/共44页第二招第二招 变成系表结构变成系表结构系表结构来解忧，系表结构来解忧，be be 代代become, get，fall和和go。（系动词（系动词become, get, become, get, fall, gofall, go系动词系动词be be fall ill be ill, go (get) out be out, fall asleep be asleep, get up be u

19、p, ） bebe后名、介、副和形，后名、介、副和形，（bebe加名词、介词短语、副词、加名词、介词短语、副词、形容词构成系表结构）形容词构成系表结构）一切轻松能搞定。一切轻松能搞定。去在那，来在这，回来回去去在那，来在这，回来回去be backbe back。(go (go be be there come there come be here come/go back be here come/go back be back)be back)离开离开be awaybe away，结束，结束be over，开始在进行。，开始在进行。( leave ( leave be away end/ f

20、inish be away end/ finish be over start/begin be over start/begin be be on )on )加入是成员，或在组织中。加入是成员，或在组织中。(join(join be in + be in +组织组织 join be a member of + be a member of +组织组织)开办开办be openbe open（openopen be openbe open）死去死去be deadbe dead（diedie be dead be dead ）第29页/共44页 判断正误判断正误： 1. 1.我买了这块手表五年了。

21、我买了这块手表五年了。 2. 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。 I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years. this watch for five years. I I have hadhave had this watch this watch forfor five five years/years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago. The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten years. for ten years

22、. The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW第30页/共44页 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。 4. 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。 He He has come backhas come back for 3 days. for 3 days. He He has been backhas been back

23、forfor 3 days/ 3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago. . He He has come herehas come here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. He He has been herehas been here since 6 oclock. since 6 oclock. I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years. hometown for 10 years. I I have been away fromhave been away from h

24、ometown for 10 hometown for 10 years. years.WWW第31页/共44页链接：1， Our English teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago.A. were B. become C. have been D. has made2, She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept第32页/共44页第33页/共44页常与一般过去时连用的典型的

25、常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语表示过去时间的状语: :yesterday(yesterday(昨天昨天), the day before yesterday(), the day before yesterday(前天前天), ),just now(just now(刚才刚才) )， 时间时间+ ago, + ago, last +last +时间时间 等等; ; eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .第34页/共44页eg: I saw the film on telev

26、ision yesterday . 但但since(since(自自以来以来)+)+某一过去时间或某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。时连用。eg： They have known each other since 1950 . Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.第35页/共44页动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that Yes, we _(do) that

27、alreadyalready. . When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it We _(do) it an hour agoan hour ago. .2._ he _(see) this film 2._ he _(see) this film yetyet? Yes.? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it He _ it last weeklast week. . 3. How many times _you_(be) there? 3. How ma

28、ny times _you_(be) there? HaveHavecleanecleaned dhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavebeenbeen第36页/共44页She has gone to She has gone to Nanjing.Nanjing.她已经去南京了。她已经去南京了。第37页/共44页It is +一段时间一段时间 +since+句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时) =一段时间一段时间+has passed +since + 句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时)

29、Eg. It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.第38页/共44页第39页/共44页1. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.1. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.2. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.2. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) the

30、re? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.3. 3. So farSo far, many countries _(develop) , many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.4.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking 4.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last yearlast year. .5.Mr Chen _(give) up smoki

31、ng 5.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last yearsince last year. .have readhave readhas has gonegonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegavehas has givengiven第40页/共44页studiedkeptbeengonebeen第41页/共44页The house is dirty. We _it for weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D haven

32、t cleaned2. -_the sports meeting might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3. - Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _here only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be 4. You dont need to describe her. I _ her severa

33、l times. A. had met B have met C met D meet 5. -Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?-I _ to go , but I dont know if I can go . A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning 第42页/共44页6. -When will they leave ?-They _very soon .A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave 7 -

34、Was he studying for an exam ? -Yes , hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9. She _ such an interesting book before.A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read 10.How long do you think the meeting _ A is lasting B is lasted C will last D lasts 第43页/共44页