2022高考英语一轮基础自练题 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero（含解析）新人教版必修1

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1、2022高考英语一轮基础自练题 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero（含解析）新人教版必修1*阅读理解。 The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card (信用卡) fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal website(非法网站). Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers

2、who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number or sell the information over the Internet.puter hackers(黑客) have broken down security(安全) systems,raising questions about the safety of cardholder informati

3、on.Several months ago,25,000 customers of CD Universe,an on-line music retailer(零售商),were not lucky.Their names,addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a website after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fra

4、ud.Mastercard is working on plans for webonly credit card,with a lower credit limit.The card could be used only for shopping on-line.However,there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated(欺骗). Ask about your credit-card firms on-line rules: Under British law,cardholders have to

5、 pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent(欺骗性的) spending. And shop only at secure sites;send your credit-card information only if the website offers advanced secure system.If the security is in place,a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen.The website address may also start

6、 the extra “s” stands for secure.If in doubt,give your credit-card information over the telephone. Keep your password(密码) safe: Most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order.Treat your passwords with care.1.What do most people worry about the Internet according to this p

7、assage?A.A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet.B.Fraud on the Internet.C.Many websites are destroyed.D.Many illegal websites are on the Internet.2.What is the meaning of “fraud”?A.Cheating.B.Sale.C.Payment.D.Safety.3.How can the thieves get the information of the credit card?A.The c

8、ustomers give them the information.B.The thieves steal the information from websites.C.The customers sell the information to them.D.The thieves buy the information from credit-card firms.4.You are shopping on a site starting and you want to buy a TV set,what does this article suggest to do?A.Order t

9、he TV set at once.B.Do not buy the TV set on this site.C.E-mail the site your credit-card information.D.Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.参考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.B; 4.B解析： 本文介绍了网上黑客人员盗用信用卡资料进行欺骗的行为以及我们该怎样防卫的措施。1.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句(因特网已导致使用信用卡欺骗的行为大量增加)可推知此题答案为B项。2.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句(你的卡

10、上资料可能会在网上非法出售)和第四段最后一句(可采用下列步骤防止受欺骗)可推知此题答案为A项。3.B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的提醒(当心那些提供便宜商品或服务的网址)可推知此题答案为B项。也可采用排除法:根据文章内容,排除A、C两项(并且此两项也不合情理);根据文章第四段第一句可知选项D也不正确。因此选B项。4.B 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的说明:安全的网址应在电脑的右下角有一个小字母,或在网址中有一个字母s,而问题中的网址中没有字母s,从而可推知此题答案为B项。*.语法填空。(2017全国卷)She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfa

11、ced and full of life.Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm _1_ (rest). Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as _2_ model in New York.Sarah _3_(tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel,

12、earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime. But Sarah, _4_ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants _5_ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her _6_ (educate)She has turned d

13、own several _7_(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _8_ engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, schoo

14、l _9_(e) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is _10_(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model anymore.”1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5_ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9_ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。16岁的萨拉作为一名模特儿表现出色，她父亲想让她放弃学业专心从事模特儿行业，但萨拉认为学业优先，应

15、努力成为一个既有美貌又有智慧的女性。1resting考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，此处表示萨拉没有花半学期的时间来休息。2a考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特儿每天收入6,500英镑。用不定冠词a表泛指。3was told考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成为英国新的超模儿，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4who考查定语从句的引导词。引导词代替先行词Sarah在从句中作主语，且指人，故用who。5to prove考查非谓语动词。want to do sth. “想要做某事”，为固定搭配。6education考查词性

16、转换。形容词性物主代词her应该用来修饰名词，educate的名词形式是education。7invitations考查名词的复数。several “几个”，其后的可数名词要用复数形式。8in考查介词。关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。a degree in engineering or architecture “工程学或建筑学学位”。9es考查动词的时态。此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。10certainly考查词性转换。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun, certain的副词形式为certainly。*完形填空One day, while we were visiting my par

17、ents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned hed always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were 1 Like many other parents, mine were hard to 2 for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something theyd 3 I also thought two would be even better.I c

18、hecked the 4 at work and decided it was a bit more than I could 5 but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees.In northern Ohio，you dont plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to 6 Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground 7 We asked my aunt

19、if shed help us with the “ 8 ”， and she called my parents 9 to say she was ing for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sistersinlaw went into 10 ，planning a big holiday turkey dinner.On the 11 Sunday, we all met at my house and 12 the trees into a truck.I 13 as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my paren

20、ts house，Dad was 14 something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them 15 we were there.When Christmas 16 ，of course, we couldnt go to our parents house emptyhanded, so Mom and Dad got 17 presents that year.Almost half a century later, I 18 drive by the old farm and smile when I see

21、those big, handsome 19 and remember giving a special 20 to special people at Christmas in October.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。1A.distinctiveBfragrantCexpensiveDprettyD解析：上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “与众不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；expe

22、nsive“贵的”。2A.shopBrepresentCanswerDcareA解析：根据上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者觉得父母买东西是很难的，故选shop “购物”。3A.deserveBappreciateCadvertiseDimagineB解析：根据上文的“Dad mentioned hed always wanted a

23、Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve “值得，应得”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”；advertise “为做广告”；imagine“想象”。4A.resultBnumber CpriceDexpressC解析：根据下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班时查看了一下枫树的价格(price)，认为它的价格比自己能支付得

24、起(afford)的还要高一点。5A.affordBexpect CfancyDhandleA解析：参见上题解析。6A.frightenBassist CsurpriseDrewardC解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，作者他们想给父母一个惊喜(surprise)。7A.warmedBfrozeCsoftenedDdarkenedB解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before t

25、he ground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。freeze “结冰”符合语境。8A.trickBpurchaseCchoiceDdecorationA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个“骗局(trick)”。9A.in advanceBin timeCby accidentDon purposeA解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)给作者的父母打电话说她会在周日来拜访。in time “及时”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。10A.serviceBactionCeffe

26、ctDproductionB解析：根据下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行动起来。go into action “行动起来”符合语境。go into service “投入使用”；go into effect “生效”；go into production “投入生产”。11A.regularBseparateCgivenDchosenD解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们在选定的(chosen)那个周日聚到自己家里。12A.sortedBloadedCtransportedDtransplantedB解析：根

27、据下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他们把树装上(loaded)卡车。sort“整理”； transport “运输，运送”；transplant “移植”。13A.dressed upBpassed offClooked onDstarted outA解析：根据下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己装扮(dressed up)成圣诞老人。pass sb./sth.off as.“把冒充为”；look on sb./sth.as. “把当作”；start out as.“以开始，起初是”。14A.delightedBannoyedCdisappo

28、intedDconvincedD解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“something was wrong first” 可知，作者的父亲一开始坚信哪里出了问题。convinced “确信，坚信”符合语境。15A.whenBhow CwhyDwhetherC解析：根据语境可知，当我们告诉他们我们为什么(why)会在那里的时候，父母感到很吃惊。16A.came aroundBdropped outCturned upDdrew inA解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。e around “再次出现，再度发生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出现”；draw

29、in “(白天变得)渐短”。17A.generousBadditionalCdoubleDspecialC解析：根据上文的“In northern Ohio, you dont plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to.with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物，而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候，他们又不能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的(double)圣诞节礼物。18A.evenBjust ConceDstillD解析：根据上下

30、文语境可知，时隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮的枫树(trees)时依然(still)会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。19A.farmsBtrees CtrucksDyardsB解析：参见上题解析。20A.congratulationBgiftCdonationDgreetingB解析：作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是关键提示。congratulation“祝贺”； donation “捐赠物”；greeting “问候”。*短文改错Nowadays, its fashionable for

31、young student to have iPads. Used an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read it. Obviously, its of great help with our studies, especial with our English listening skills.Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones,

32、 but some even playing video games, which make teachers and students greatly annoyed.For my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration was terribly needed. Therefore, we should make a good use of iPads and other modern munication tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools

33、should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly.答案：Nowadays, its fashionable for young to have iPads. an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read . Obviously, its of great help with our studies, with our English listening skills.Some students, ho

34、wever, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones, some even playing video games, which teachers and students greatly annoyed. my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration terribly needed. Therefore, we should makegood use of iPads and other modern munic

35、ation tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly.难项分析：第二处：UsedUsing考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语we和use之间是主谓关系，且use所表示的动作和句子谓语动词download和read所表示的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词作状语。第六处：makemakes考查主谓一致。which指代的是前面整句话的内容，所以定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式makes。第十处：rules后加to考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语充当目的状语。*