法律英语词汇大全

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1、编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第33页 共33页Aabsolute proof 绝对证明 absolute property 绝对财产（权）abstract of title 产权书摘要acceleration clause 提前（偿还）条款acceptance 承诺accident report 事故报告accident insurance 意外保险accusation 指控；控告accusatorial procedure 控告程序accusatorial process of proof 控告证明过程（程序） accusatorial system 控

2、告或诉讼程序accused 被指控者accuser 控告人acknowledgement 认知(书)acquittal 无罪判决act 条例；作为Act for the prevention of Frauds and Perjuries 预防诈欺和伪证条例action 诉讼；作为actual losses 实际损失adjudication 裁决；裁定administrative law 行政法administrative law judge 行政法法官administrative procedure 行政程序administrator 管理人；监管人admissible 可采的admissi

3、bility 可采性 admit 采用；允许adoption 收养adulterous conduct 通奸行为ad valorem property tax 从价财产税adversarial hearing 对抗式听证会adversarial process 对抗式程序adversary 对手adversary trial system 对抗式（或抗辩）审判制度advocacy 出庭辩护；诉讼代理advocate辩护人；诉讼代理人affidavit 正式书面陈述affirm 维持（原判）affirmation 保证书；证词 affirmative 确保的agency （行政）机关agency

4、 action 机关（行政）机关agreed upon remedies 补救协议agreement 协议agreement-as-written 书面协议agreement -in-fact 事实协议alibi 阿里白（不在犯罪场的证明）alienation of affection 离间夫妻关系allegation 声称；指控allege 诉称；指控alleged offense 所控罪行alternate juror 替补陪审员amendment 修正案American Bar Association 美国律师协会American Law Institute 美国法学会analogy类推

5、Anglo-American Legal System英美法系anonymous accusation匿名控告appeal上诉appear出庭appellant上诉人appellate action上诉行为appellate court上诉法院appellee被上诉人appealer上诉人appropriate拨款appurtenant附属物arbiter仲裁人arbitrary武断的arbitration仲裁arraignment初审array陪审员名单arrest逮捕arrest warrant逮捕令（证）arrestee被捕人article条款，文章article of authorit

6、y授权条款articles of confederation联帮条例articles of incorporation公司组织章程artificial person法人Asian American legal defense and education fund亚裔美国人法律辩护与教育基金会assault意图或威胁伤害assert主张，宣称asset资产assistant attorney助理法官associate judge副法官associate justice副大法官assumption违约合同，违约赔偿之诉assumption 假定attempt意图，企图attempted escap

7、e逃脱未遂attestation证词attorney代理人，律师attorney at law律师attorney general检察长authentication鉴定authority权力，法源，权威性依据automobile insurance机动车保险automobile tort机动车侵权行为autonomy自治（权） Bban禁令，禁止banishment流放bankruptcy 破产bankruptcy discharge破产债务解除bankruptcy judge破产法官bar律师职业bar association律师协会barrister出庭律师battery殴打bench t

8、rial法官审beneficiary受益人benefit收益，福得bigamy重婚罪bill of lading提单bill of right人权法案bind over具保，具结binder临时保险单binding有约束力binding contract有约束力的合同binding force约束力binding interpretation有约束力的解释black-letter law（普通接受之基本原则的）黑体字法black nation bar association全美黑人律师协会blue sky law蓝天法（关于股票买卖控制的法律）Board of Governors（ABA）（美

9、国律师协会的）董事会body oflaw 法体bond 债券；保释金bond instrument 债券契据branding 鞭笞breach 违约；破坏bride 贿赂bribery 贿赂（罪）bright-line test 明显界限检验标准broker 中间人brokerage fee 佣金；中介费brother-sister corporation 兄弟公司；姊妹公司Bulk Sales Act大宗销售条例burden 责任burden of going forward with the evidence 先行举证责任burden of persuasion 说服责任；证明责任burd

10、en of producing evidence 举证责任burden of proof 证明责任burglary入室盗窃（罪）business corporation实业公司business law 实业法business organization 实业组织buy-out agreement（股权）承买协议buy-sell agreement（股权）买卖协议bylaws（内部）章程C California Penal Code加州刑法典capital account 资本帐户capital crime 可判死刑罪capital punishment 死刑capital surplus 资本盈

11、余capitation tax 人头税career criminal 职业罪犯career judiciary 职业法官case briefing 案情摘要case-in-chief 主诉case law 判例法case method 案例教学法case report 判决报告case reports 判例汇编casualty insurance （意外伤害）保险catalog 商品目录（单）certificate 证书certificate of existence 实体存在证明（书）challenge 置疑；挑战challenge for cause有理回避chancery court 衡

12、平法院charging instrument 控告文件checks and balances 制衡（原则）chief judge 首席法官chief justice 首席大法官child abuse 虐待儿童circuit court 巡回法院circuit judge 巡回法官circumstantial evidence 旁证；情况证据citation 引证cite 援引；传讯civil court 民事法civil forfeiture 民事罚没civil law 民法Civil Law Legal System 民法体系civil liability 民事责任civil Liberty

13、 民事自由civil Litigation民事诉讼civil procedure 民事诉讼程序civil suit民事诉讼Civil trial 民事审判Civil right 民权Civil right law 民权法Civil War Income Tax Act 内战所得税条例Claim 诉讼请求，索赔Classification of law 法律分类Close corporation内部持股公司Closely held corporation 内部持股公司Closing 终结，成交，结帐Closing argument 最后论述Closing statement成交声明Code 法典

14、Code of Judicial Conduct 法官行为准则Codify 编成法典Co-felon 共同重罪犯Cohabitation 同居Collateral contract 附属合同Collegiate bench 合议席Collegiate panel 合议庭Commercial clause 商务条款，贸易条款Commercial law 商法Commercial paper 商务文件Commission佣金Commit 交托，犯（罪）Commitment 犯罪，许诺，委托Commitment of financing 融资许诺Common law 普通法Common law da

15、mages 普通法赔偿金Common law legal system(family) 普通法法系Common law marriage 普通法婚姻Common property 共同财产Common stock 普通股票Community property 共同财产Comparative law 比较法Comparative negligence 比较过失Compensation 赔偿（金）Compensatory damage 应予赔偿之损害Competence 管辖权限Competency 有效性Complaint 控告，申诉Comprehensive Drug Abuse Preven

16、tion and Control Act 滥用毒品的综合预防与控制条例Compulsory license 强制性许可Concur附条件地同意Concurring opinion 并存（判决）意见Confer 授与Conference 协商会议Confidential information 保密信息Confiscation 没收Conflict law 冲突法Congress 国会Consent 同意，认可Consideration 对价，约因Constitution宪法Constitutional Convention 制宪会议Constitutional law 宪法Constituti

17、onal tort 宪法性侵权Constitutionality 合宪性Construction （法律的）结构，解释Construe 解释，分析Consultation 磋商Consumer protection statute 消费者保护法律Consumption tax 消费税Continental Law Legal System(or Family) 大陆法系Contingent fee 胜诉酬金Continuance 诉讼延期Contract 合同Contract dispute 合同纠纷Contract formation 合同构成Contract interpretation

18、合同解释Contract law 合同法Contract performance 合同履行contractor 承包商contravence 触犯;违犯contributory negligence 共同过失controlling law 应适应之法律conversion 非法占有convey 转让conveyance 转让convertible bond 可转换债券conviction 有罪判决convincing evidence 使人信服的证据copyright 版权;著作权corporal punishment肉体刑corporate camsel 公司法律顾问corporate ex

19、cise tax 公司执照税corporate law 公司法corporation 公司corporation aggregate 合有公司corporation code 公司法典corporation law 公司法corporation sole 独有公司corpus 尸体;本金Council on legal Education Opportunities 法律教育机会委员会counselor (法律)顾问;律师counselor-at-law 律师court 法院;法官court decision 法院判决court fee 诉讼费court of appeals 上诉法院cour

20、t of chancery 衡平法法院court of claims 索赔法院court of customs and Patent Appeals 关税及专利上诉法院court of domestic relations 家庭关系法院courtopinion 法院判决意见courtroom法庭coverage 保险范围crime 犯罪crime code 刑法典crime homicide 有罪杀人crime justice system 刑事司法系统crime law 刑法crime liability 刑事责任crime procedure 刑事诉讼程序cross-examination

21、 交叉盘问;盘诘cruel and unusual punishment 残忍和非常的刑罚cumulative evidence 累计证据curative 临时监护的curriculum guide 课程指南custody 监护custom duty 关税customary law 习惯法customary practice 惯例customs court 关税法院 Ddamage 损害;损伤damage claim 损害赔偿请求damages 损害赔偿金deadlocked jury 僵局陪审团death penalty 死刑death tax 遗产税debenture 债单(券)debt

22、securities 债权证券decide a case 判案deed 契约deed book 文契汇编defamation诽谤default 不履行;违约defendant 被告人defence 辩护defence attorney 辩护律师defenses case-in-chief 辩护方主讼deficiency judgment 不足额判决degrees of murder (恶意)杀人罪的等级delegation 授权delegated legislation 授权立法deliberate intention 故意deliberation (陪审团)评议demonstrative e

23、vidence 示意证据deprivation 剥夺derogatory treatment of the work 对作品的贬毁性处理(或使用)designs 设计detract 毁损;贬低developer (土地)开发商dicta 判决附带意见dignity 尊严direct evidence 直接证据direct examination 直接盘问direct tax直接税disa bility insurance 残疾保险disabled dependent child 无谋生能力的残疾儿童discharge 解雇;释放discount 贴现;折扣discovery 要求告知discr

24、ete risk transfer product 离散性风险转移(保险)产品discretion 自由裁量权discriminatory 歧视性税收dispense 执行;施行dispute 争议;纠纷disposition 处置(权)dissent 异议;反对dissenting opinion 异议;反对意见dissolution 解散distort 歪曲;误解district attorney 地区检查官database right 数据权dividend 股息division of title 产权分割divorce 离婚docket 备审案件目录doctrine 法则;原则doct

25、rine of constitutional supremacy 宪法至上原则doctrine of Maranda Warnings 米兰达忠告原则document 文件;文书document of title 产权证书domant Commerce Clause 休眠的贸易条款domicile 住所地double jeopardy 一罪二审draft 起草;草拟draftman 起草者drug trade 毒品交易drug trafficking 毒品交易dry run 干转;排练due diligence 适当努力due process 正当程序Due Process Clause 正当

26、程序条款due process test 正当程序检验标准 duration 期限duress 强迫;胁迫duty 义务;关税duty of care 照看义务Eearnest money 定金easyment 地役权ecclesiastical court 宗教法庭economic law经济法effective date 生效日期effective time 生效时间element of crime 犯罪要素(件)empower 授权enact制定;颁布en banc 全体法官出庭审判 encroachment侵占encumbered property抵押财产enforce 实施；执行en

27、forceable 可强制执行的enforceability可执行性enforcement of Law执法English-American Legal System (or Family) 英吉利法系enjoin(衡平）强制令entail限定继承entity 实体environmentalimpactstatement环境影响报告environmental Law环境保护法Environmental protection Agency(EPA) 环境保护局environmental quality 环境质量equal protection clause 平等保护条款equitable rel

28、ief衡平救济equity衡平法equityLaw 衡平法equity precedent 衡平法判例equity securities 产权证券；衡平证券error 过错escape逃走；逃脱escrow第三者保存合同essential justice 实质公正estate 财产；遗产estate tax遗产税Directive欧盟指令evaluate 评价evict 逐出（租户）evidence 证据evidentiary presumption证据推定evidentiary rule 证据规则 exaequo at bono 公平且善良examine 检查；盘问examination检查

29、；盘问exception 例外exception clause例外条款excise tax 执照税exclude 排除exclusive listing 读家上市exclusive right 排他性权利exclusive tax situs 唯一征税地点excusable homicide可宽恕之杀人execute执行；签属execution 执行executive acts 行政条例executivebranch 行政部门executiveorder行政命令executor(遗嘱）执行人executor of estate 遗产执行人exemption免除；豁免exhibit 展示物（证）

30、exigentcircumstance 紧急情况existingsecurities 上市证券exparte 单方面的expectation damages 预期赔偿金expert 专家（证人）expert testimony 专家证言expert witness专家证人expresscontract明示合同expressstatutoryprovision法律明文规定expresswarranty明示保证（保修）ex rel依据告发face amount面颊face value 面植facilitate 促使：利于fact事实fact in issue争议事实factor 因素；代理商Fac

31、tors Lien Act 代理商留置权条例Fair trial 公平审判false imprisonment 非法拘禁family law 家庭法fault 过错fault principle 过错原则feasibility study 可行性研究Federal Administrative Procedure Act 联邦行政程序Federal Antitrust Law 联邦犯托拉斯法federal convention 联邦制宪会议federal crime of murder 联邦杀人罪Federal Housing Act 联邦住房条例Federal Income Tax Act

32、联邦所得税条例federal judge 联邦法官Federal rules of civil procedure 联邦民事诉讼规则Federal rules of criminal procedure 联邦刑事诉讼规则Federal rules of evidence 联邦证据规则Federal securities act 联邦证券条例federal supremacy 联邦至上（原则）Federal tort claims act 联邦侵权索赔条例felon 重罪犯felony 重罪 felony-murder 重罪杀人fiduciary 受托人file 档案；注册file a peti

33、tion 呈交诉状；提出请求fine 罚金fingerprint 手印fire insurance 火灾保险fire protection 消防first degree murder 一级谋杀first instance 一审fixture （不动产）附属物flogging 烙印force of law 法律效力forcible felony 暴力性重罪foreign exchange risk 外汇风险forfeiture 没收；罚没form contract 格式合同form of evidence 证据的形式formal adjudication 正式裁决formal rulemakin

34、g 正式规则制定formation 构成；鉴定franchise tax 特许经营税fraud 诈欺free enterprise system 自由企业制度free movement of goods 自由物流，货物的自由流通freedom of choice 选择自由frustrate 使受挫折fundamental law 基本法fundamental right 基本权利Ggeneral acceptance standard (科学证据的)公认标准general partnership 一般合伙general property 一般财产（权）general provisions 总则

35、gerontocratic 老人统治的gift tax 赠予税government tort 政府侵权（行为）grant of power 授权gross negligence 严重过失group insurance 团体保险guarantee 担保guardian 监护人guardianship 监护权guidelines for sentencing 量刑指南guilt 有罪guilty有罪的guilty有罪答辩 Hhabitual offender惯犯hail insurance冰雹保险handcuff手铐handwriting笔迹health insurance健康保险health r

36、egulation卫生法规hearing听证（会）hearing of jury陪审团听审hearsay传闻证据heir继承人hierarchy等级制度high crime重罪hold认定；裁定holding认定；裁定holding device拥有手段（形式）homicide杀人（罪）homosexuality同性恋house counsel（公司）专职法律顾问husband-wife relationship夫妻关系husband-wife tort夫妻侵权（行为） IId.同上identification认定；确认身份；身份证ignore忽视；驳回illegal非法的；违法的immate

37、rial无实质性的immigration law移民法immovable property不动产immunity豁免（权）impair损害；削弱impeachment弹劾；质疑implementation实施；执行implied contract默认合同implied warranty默认保证（保修）imprisonment监禁imputable可归罪于的imputation归罪in re关于；案由in recess休庭in rem对物的（诉讼）in session开庭 inadmissible evidence不可采证据incarceration禁闭；监禁incest乱伦income tax

38、所得税Income Tax Act所得税条例income tax on corporations公司所得税income tax on individuals个人所得税incompetence无行为能力；无法律资格incompetent无行为能力的；无法律资格的incorporation法人；公司；组成公司incorporator公司创办人independent regulatory agency独立规制机构indicative list指导性名单indictment起诉书indirect evidence间接证据indirect tax 间接税individual choice个人选择（权）i

39、ndividual freedom个人自由individual omni competence个人全权individual proprietorship个体业主individual right个人权利ineffective失效的inequality不平等infamous罪恶的；丑恶的inference 推理;推论 infliction 处罚 informal adjudication 非正式裁决informal rulemaking 非正式规则制定information 信息; 控告书infomer 耳目;情报员initial ruling 初步裁定injunction 禁令;强制令injun

40、ctive relief 强制救济injure 伤害injustice 不公正innocence 无罪innocent 无罪的;无罪者innocent owner defense 无过错所有人辩护inquiry 调查inquisitiorial system 纠问式诉讼制度insane 精神失常insanity defense 精神失常辩护inspection 检查;审查installment land vendor 分期付款的土地出售人 installment plan agreement 分期付款购物协议instruction 指示instrument 文件insurable intere

41、st 可保利益insurable loss 可保损失insurance agent 保险代理商insurance binder 临时保单insurance broker 保险中间人insurance card 保险卡insurance coverage 保险范围insurance law 保险法insurance policy 保险单;险种insurance premium 保险费insurance proceeds 保险收益insurance product 保险项目 insured 被保险人insurer 保险人intangible 无形的intangible damage 无形损害int

42、angible property 无形财产intangible personal property 无形的人身财产(权)interalia 除了别的以外interfere 干涉;侵犯interlocutory injunction 临时强制令;(诉讼)中间的强制令intermediate appellate court 中级上诉法院intermetional business 调解interrogation 国际商务intentional 故意的intentional tort 故意侵权行为interest 利息;权益;利益interest rate risk 利率风险interview 询问

43、invalid 无效的;不合法的invalidate 使无效invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私权investigation 侦查;调查investment 投资investment portfolio risk 投资风险组合investment securities 投资证券irrelevancy 无相关性irrelevant 不相关的irrelevant evidence 无相关性证据irrevocable 不可撤销的irrevocable life insurance trust 不可撤销的人寿保险信托itinerant judge 巡回法官Jjoint tenancy 共同

44、租借(权)joint venture 合资企业joint venture corporation合资公司joint venture with Chinese and foreign investment中外合资企业judge法官judge-made law法官立法judges chamber法官室judges charge to jury法官对陪审团的指令judges instruction to jury法官对陪审团的指示judgment判决，裁定judicial branch司法部门judicial clerkship法院书记员职位judicial decision 法官职位judicia

45、l district司法区judicial interpretation司法解释judicial notice司法任职judicial opinion法官判决意见judicial review司法审查judicial scrutiny司法检查judicial subjectivity审判主观性judicial system法院系统judiciary法官jurisdiction司法管辖区jurisprudence法理学juror陪审员jury陪审团jury charge法官对陪审团的指令jury pool待选陪审员库jury selection挑选陪审员jury trial陪审团制justice

46、公正，大法官justice of the peace治安法官justifiable homicide正当杀人juvenile court未成年人法庭juvenile delinquency未成年人违法行为 Key man assurance关键人保险Key person insurance关键人保险Kickbacks回扣Kill杀人Killer杀人者Know-how技术秘密，商业秘密 land use law土地使用法last clear chance doctrine最后明显机会法则law 法，法律law firm律师事务所law merchant商业习惯法law of evidence证据

47、法law reform法律改革lawsuit诉讼，官司lawyer律师lawyer in government政府律师；官方律师lawyer in private practice私人开业律师lawyerette律师娘lawman外行人lay witness普通证人；非专家证人lease租赁lease agreement租赁协议legacy遗产legacy tax遗产税legal合法的legal advice法律咨询legal commentary法律评论legal education法律教育legal effect法律教育legal enforcement法律效力legal English法

48、律英语legal family法系legal history 法律史legal instrument 法律文件legal mechanism法律机制legal memorandum 法律备忘录legal methodology 法律方法论legal order 法律秩序legal problem 法律问题legal profession 法律职业legal protection 法律保护legal relationship 法律关系legal representative 法律代表legal safeguard 法律保障（措施）legal system 法律体系；法律制度legal theor

49、ist 法学理论家legal writing 法律文书写作legalese 法律涩语legality 法制legislation 立法legislative branch 立法部门legislative history 立法史legislature 立法机关legitimate 合法的levy 征收（税）liability 责任；债务liability insurance 责任保险liberty 自由license plate （车）执照牌license tax 执照税lien 留置（权）life estate 终生财（遗）产life insurance 人寿保险limited partner

50、ship 有限合伙liquidated damages 预定违约金liquidity risk 流动资金风险literary property 著作产权litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼；打官司livestock insurance 家畜保险loan 贷款lord chancellor (英国)大法官loss of rights 丧失权利MMagistrate 司法官Magna Charta of great Britain 英国大宪章mail order 邮购majority opinion 多数（法官）的意见malicious prosecution 恶意起诉malfe

51、asance 渎职（罪）malpractice 渎职行为mandate 命令；授权mandatory insurance law 强制保险法manslaughter 非恶意杀人marine insurance 海上保险marital status 婚姻状况marital status classification 婚姻状况的分类maritime tort 海上侵权行为market economy 市场经济marriage 婚姻marriage ceremony 婚礼marriage certificate 结婚证书marriage law 婚姻法marriage relationship 婚姻

52、关系 marriage termination rule (残疾人领取社会保险补助的)婚姻终止规则material 实质性的materiality 实质性maxims of equity law 衡平法准则Mayflower Compact “五月花号”公约medical malpractice 医生不当行为mental capacity 心智能力mental condition 精神状态mentor 辅导教师minor issue 枝节问题；未成年人问题Miranda Warning 米兰达忠（警）告misapply 错误适用misdemeanor 轻罪mislaid property 错置

53、财产 misrepresentation 虚假陈述mistrial 无效审判mock trial 模拟审判Model Business Corporation Act 标准实业公司条例Model Penal Code 标准刑法典Model State Administrative Procedure Act 标准洲行政程序条例modern commerce Power test 现代商务（贸易）权力检验标准modern delegation of power doctrine 现代授权法则monopolization 垄断monopoly right 专有权moot court 模拟法庭mor

54、tgage 抵押（品）motion 动议，请求movable property 动产multiple listing 多重上市；多重登记Multistate Bar Exam 多洲律师资格考试murder 恶意杀人；凶杀murderer 杀人犯mutilation 断肢 NNational Association for the Advancement of Colored People 全国有色人种促进会National Conference of Black Lawyers 全国黑人律师大会National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform st

55、ate Laws 统一各洲法律全国代表大会National Environmental Policy Act 全国环境政策条例National Institute of Minority Lawyers 全国少数民族律师学会National Law Journal 国家法律学报narcotics distribution 麻醉品供销narcotics trafficking 麻醉品交易narcotics violation 麻醉品违法行为natural justice 自然公正negative form of protection 否定（或消极）形式的保护negligence 过失neglig

56、ent homicide 过失杀人negligent tort 过失侵权行为negotiable instrument 票据negotiation 谈判；协商New Deal （罗斯福）“新政”no contest 无争辩no par share 无面值股票non-profit corporation 非营利公司norm 规范；标准not guilty plea 无罪答辩notice 通知notice of transfer 过户通知notification 通知；通报notion概念nullification process 无效程序 O object 反对objection 反对；异议ob

57、ligation 义务occupancy agreement 占用协议offender 犯罪人offense 罪行offer 要约；发盘offerofProof 提供证明Old Boy Network 老哥们关系网Omission不做为：不履行义务 Omni competence有全部权利 Opening statement开场陈述 Opening testimony意见证言 Oral contract口头合同 Order命令；次序Pperforms rights 表演权 peril 危险 perjure作伪证 perjury伪证罪perpetrate犯罪 perpetator犯罪人ordinance法令 personal property动产outstanding balance未付款额 personal right人身权利outstanding share已发行股票