人教版初三英语上unit15知识点讲解及练习

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1、Unit 1 语言点1. by 的用法: I study by working with a group.通过方式如：by studying with a group在旁边/附近如： The teacher stands by the window. /I live by the river. 在以前、截止为止如：I have to go back by ten oclock.乘交通工具 如：The student went to park by bus.被 如：some articles written by Lu Xun.2. practice的用法: Do you ever practi

2、ce conversations with your friends? un. 实践,练习,锻炼： Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧. v. 练习= practise 英： +n. We often practice English in groups. +pron. We should practice them in pairs. +v.-ing We should practice English more.3. ask的用法：ask sb. about sth.问某人某事 He asked me about the best way to learn Engli

3、sh yesterday.ask sb. to do sth.要求/让/请某人做某事：He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle.ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 My mother asked me for help yesterday.4. a lot, a lot of, lots ofa lot 许多,大量 如： I ate a lot last night. 非常 如： I love the movie a lot.a lot of 相当于lots of 修饰n. 用于肯定句中, 否定句中常用many或much 5. 征求意见

4、句型What/ how about +doingsth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Whydont you + dosth.?=Why not + dosth. ?如：Why dont you go shopping? /Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Will/ Would/Could you please do? 如：Could you please pass that book to me? Shall we/ I + do sth.?如：Shall we/ I g

5、o shopping?Would you mind doing? 如：Would you mind turning the radio down?6. find的用法：Sometimes, he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly. find + n./pron.find + 宾语+ 宾补形容词/ 介词短语/ 分词可转换为find+ thatfind + it + adj. + to do其中 it 做形式主语I find him friendly. We found him in bed

6、. We found her honest.He found the window closed. I found him working in the garden.it 还可作形式主语： It is + adj. + to do7. We get excited about something and end up speaking in Chinese . get+ 宾语+宾补形容词/ 过去分词/现在分词 使某种情况发生把鞋擦干净Get the shoes clean.我想去修自行车I want to get my bike repaired.你不能让他老等着You cant get h

7、im waiting.get 可作系动词Beam /is /are /was /were系动词 表保持stay /keep表改变get /bee /turn +adj. 感官动词起来:feel /look /sound /smell /tasteend 的用法：at the end of 在的末尾、末端 At the end of the concert at the end of the roadn. in the end 最后,终于 In the end I decided to stay here.by the end of 到结束时/时为止 By the end of this sum

8、mer holiday, I had finished my homework.v. end up doing sth.结束做某事= finish doing sth. end up with 以 结束 The party ended up with her singing.8. afraid的用法：I was afraid to speak in classthat+从句 恐怕Im afraid that I cant e here on time.be afraidto do sth. 不敢做某事 She was afraid to go out alone at night.of 害怕

9、I was afraid of snakes when I was young.9. deal with 处理：How do we deal with our problems?deal with：侧重于方式,方法,特殊疑问句中用how Idont know how he deal with the problem.do with: 侧重对象,特殊疑问句用what Idont know what he did with the problem.10. unless除非,假如不,如果不.引导条件状语从句如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败

10、.I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写11. see sb. / sth. doing看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do看见某人在做某事 如： She sawhim drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画.12. 也also也、而且用于肯定句常在句子的中间either也用于否定句常在句末too也 常在句末重点语法1. 动词+ by doing 结构2. 动词不定式与动名词在句中成分3. 现在完成时复习 1. Look at the old man.

11、He makes money selling old books. A. in B. for C. at D. by 2. - How do you improve you English? - By . A.read and speak B.to read and to speak C.reading and speaking D.reading and speak 3. Did you find very interesting to play football? A. this B.its C. that D. it 4.The sports meeting will continue

12、it rains this afternoon. A. but B. since C. as soon as D.unless 5. -Many students dont know how to _ stress. -I think theyd better ask their teachers for help. A. argue with B. deal with C. quarrel with D. e up with 6. _ you work harder,you will not pass the examination. =If you dont work harder,you

13、 will not pass the examinationA. Until B .If C. Till D. Unless 7. He learnt English by _ English songs. A. listen B. listen to C. listening D. listening to 8. If you practice _ English every morning, you will improve it quickly. A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading 9. At first they hated each

14、 other,but they ended up _ on very well .A. get B. got C. getting D. to get 10. The teacher asked Tom a difficult question in class. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered单项选择 1. Do you enjoy _ on the Internet? A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed 2. She said she had some trouble _ her h

15、omework. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 3. Do you find thisbook _? A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration 4. Did you see them _ basketball at this time yesterday? A. playing B. play C. to play D. are playing 5. Have you decided which coat_? A. choose B. choosing C.

16、 chosen D. to choose 6. I read very slowly. I cant spell some English words, _. A. also B. either C. but D. too同义句转换 1. Why dont you learn English by making flashcard? Why English by making flashcard? 2. I find sleeping well important. I find sleeping well important. I find important well. 3. During

17、 the trip, we met many foreign people. During the trip, we met people foreign countries. 4. I dont know how they deal with the situation. I dont know they with the situation.Unit 2: I used to be afraid of the dark语言点1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 1used to表示过去的一种行为和习惯,它的后面用动词原形,否定句和疑问句用助动词did,也可

18、 以用used的本身,是较老的英国英语的用法. 例如：My sister used to be short. The shop didnt use to open on Sundays. 这家商店过去星期日不营业.2used to do something是表示过去常常做某事be/get used to doing something是表示习惯于做某事. 例如：I used to go to school on foot. 我过去常常步行去上学. You will be used to living there. 你会习惯住在那里的.3afraid3But now I am more inte

19、rested in sports. 1形容词比较级：interested是多音节的形容词,它的比较级是用more interested. 例如：It is more difficult than your thought. 它比你想象的要困难多.可饰形容词的比较级的词有much,a little,even,still,a lot,far等修.例如：He is much younger than I.他比我年轻多了.2be interestedin4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.句中with+名词+介词短语结构表示伴随状态

20、.表示一个动作伴随另一个动作同时发生或者进行.例如：Dont do your homework with the radio on. 不要开着收音机做你的作业.She sat there alone with her eyes filled with tears他独自一人坐在那儿,眼里充满了泪水.5. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. 这些日子,我几乎没有时间去音乐会了. （1） hardly是表示否定意义几乎不,例如：It was difficult, so you can hardly finish it by yourse

21、lf.它很难,你自己不可能独自完成.（2） hard6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends,在我上中学以前,我常常花费很多时间和朋友们一起玩游戏,spend 花费,spend时间/金钱onin doing 例如：I spent two hundred Yuan on that new bike. 买那辆新自行车花费我200元. He spent all the holiday reading the book. 他花整个假期都用来读这本书.表花费的单

22、词还有：8. It will make you stressed out. 它会使你压力很大.make作为使役动词表示让、使,make+宾语+宾补如果是动词不定式充当宾语补足语,要用省略to的动词不定式.make sb. do sth.例如：Working too much makes me tired. 太多的工作使我疲劳.My father makes me do my homework every day. 我的爸爸迫使我每天做家庭作业.9. His mother looked after him as well as she could.他的妈妈尽她所能来照顾他.1look after

23、 照看、照顾=take care of 例如：Our teacher looks after the child very well. 我们的老师照顾这个孩子很好.2as well as和一样好, as.as的中间用形容词/副词的原形. 例如：Your ruler is as long as his. 你的尺子和他的一样长. 也,不但而且例如：The girl is lively as well as healthy. 这女孩既健康又活泼.My parents as well as my elder sister music.enjoy10. It seems that Yu Mei has

24、changed a lot. 于梅似乎改变了许多.1seem系动词, 似乎好像,仿佛,主语常用it. 例如：It seems as if it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨.2seem的后面还可以用动词不定式、名词、现在分词、过去分词或者to be形容词作表语. 例如：He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我们.11. She also told me even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in ever

25、ything good I do.她还告诉我,虽然我的父亲不再和我们在一起了,但他还在注视着我,并且将为我做的每一件好事而感到自豪.1no more =notany more 侧重程度和数量no longer =notany longer 指时间.如：He didnt cry any more. 他哭了好几次,他不再哭了.I play tennis no more/ longer. =I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球.He couldnt wait any longer.他等了很久,不能再等了.If you always exaggerate

26、, people will no longer believe you.You can drink no more. = You cant drink any more. 你不能再喝了.He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here any longer.他不在这儿居住了.重点语法反义疑问句1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：肯定陈述否定疑问或否定陈述肯定疑问.2、简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写.3、简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词.4、陈述部分含too.to时,是否定句.用法：1 陈述部分用

27、no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义.如： The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for school, is he?2 陈述部分有情态动词1有have to +v. ,疑问部分常用dont +主语didnt +主语.We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 2有used to 时,疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语. He used to ta

28、ke pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 3有had better最好 + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?3 think/believe等引导的宾语从句：A.主语是第一人称： I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? B. 如果主语不是第一人称则疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句 He thought they were wrong, didnt h

29、e? 不能说werent they?4祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you. Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you 或wont you?注意：Lets 开头的祈使句,后用shall we或用shant we ? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we或用shant we? 5 陈述部分是there be结构的,疑问部分用there. There is som

30、ething wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any trouble, will there?6 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式. It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 1. I think your shirt is _ than your sisters. A. big B. more big C. beautiful D. more beautiful 2. I _ be short. But n

31、ow I am taller. A. didnt used B. used to C. use to D. am used to 3.Dont be late for school next time, _? A. shall we B. do you C. will you D. dont you 4. Our teacher came into the classroom _ a book in his hand.A. with B. in C. up D. on5.They can hardly do their homework, _? A. do they B. dont theyC

32、. can they D. cant they6.We often spend two hours _ our homework every day.A. doBdoingC. did D. to do7.Great changes _ in China in the past few years. A. took place B. have taken place C. happen D. take place8.What you said just now made me _ angry. A. feeling B. to feel C. feel D. are9.I think Engl

33、ish is as _ as math.A. important B. more important C. more interesting D. most important10.Your bike is _ than mine.A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. very more beautiful D. beautiful 11.The boy seems _ lying.A. is B. was C. be D. to be12.Can you help me _ the work?A. finish B. finishing C.

34、 doing D. did13.Is there _ in todays newspaper?A. something new B. anything new C. new something D. new anything课后练习.单项选择1. Mario is afraid of alone.A. be B. being C. is D. /2. You used to be outgoing, ?A. do you B. dont you C. didnt you D. did you3. I havent him for a long time.A. see B. saw C. see

35、n D. seeing4. I used to have short hair, but now I have hair.A. curly B. long C. straight D. brown5.- You used to be short, you ?-Yes , I .A. didnt, did B. usednt, used C. didnt, used D. usednt, did6. Playing basketball is very , so Im more in it.A. interesting, interesting B. interested, interestin

36、g C. interesting, interested D. interested, interested7. -Who do you often swim ? -I swim with my classmates, because I am the swim team.A. /, on B. with, on C. with, in D. with, of8. The glass is broken, Try to who did it.A. find out B. look C. see D. found9. My life has changed in the last few yea

37、rs.A. a lot of B. lots of C. a lot D. a lots of10. Hes always busy. And he working late until night.A. gets used to B. used to C. got used to D. is used for11. The light in his room was , but nobody was.A. in, in B. on, on C. in, on D. on, in12. My problem isIm so busy.A. that B. what C. how D. /13.

38、 You can find out the answer to it only in the way.A. rightly B. right C. wrong D. true14. I used to a lot of time games with my friends.A. take, to play B. cost, playing C. spent, on D. spend, playing15. His father makes a living driving a taxi.A. by B. with C. for D. through单项填空 BCCBACBACA DABDAUn

39、it 3: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.语言点1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.应该允许青少年选择自己的衣服.allow允许allow + n. 允许某事 如：We cant allow such a thing. 我们不允许这样的事发生allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事主动语态如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视.allow doin

40、g sth. 允许做某事 如：They dont allow smoking here.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事被动语态如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qingdao. 莉莉被允许去青岛.2.Idont think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.宾语从句中否定转移： 若宾语从句跟在think, believe等表示想,认为的动词之后,而主语为第一人称时,句子的否定体现在主句上. 常用词有：suppose, guess猜、猜测, imagine想象, expect期待如： I don

41、t think he is right. 我认为他不对 I dont think its a good idea.我认为那不是一个好主意. 3. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.16岁的青少年应该被允许打耳洞.V. + 宾语+ 宾补get/have + 宾语 + 过去分词 请或让某人做某事 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发. I usually get

42、my hair cut once a month.我通常一个月理一次发.keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持.如：We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净.Dont keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久4. They arent serious enough.他们不够严肃.enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了.enough名词如：enough food 足够食物I h

43、ave enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去.enough to do sth.足够去做如： She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了. 5. He should stop wearing that silly earring.他应该停止戴那个愚蠢的耳环.stop 停止、阻止stop doing sth. 停止做某事如：Please stop speaking.请停止说话.stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事如：Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话.cant stop doing

44、sth. 忍不住做某事 如：I cant stop laughing when I heard it.听到那件事,我忍不住大笑起来.6. Sb. seems to do sth. = It seems that +从句看起来好像 He seems to feel very sad. = It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心.He doesnt seem to have many friends.=It seems that he doesnt have many friends.=He seems not to have many friends

45、.7.程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到.9. go doing go shoppinggo fishinggo swimming, go boatinggo hiking go trekking10. caretake care 留神,小心=be careful,保重 Take care not to drop it.当心别把它掉了. take care of 照顾,照料=look after 如：

46、 I took care of my sister well. care about 关心,在乎 如：That girl never cares about others. care for 喜欢,照顾,为操心 如：You should care for your sick mother.11. 对 热衷, 对兴趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷.sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣.12. sleep n./v. 睡觉 I sleep for 7 hours e

47、very day. asleep adj. 睡着的,睡熟的 表状态 不能在名词之前 She is asleep in the bed. sleepy adj. 想睡觉的,困乏的 Im sleepy, I want to go to bed. sleeping adj. 睡着的,正在睡觉的 在名词之前 This is a sleeping dog.13. agree to + 建议、计划、安排等名词 agree with + 人、表示意见的词 agree on + 具体协议的文件、行动等名词agree to do 同意做某事14.have +时间段+off 放假,休息如：have 2 days

48、offoff 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息. I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假. They havent had a day off since last week. 从上周来,他们没休息过一天.重点语法 2. 倒装句由so助动词/情态动词主语意为：也是一样Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语 表示与前面所述事实一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生

49、,我也是. She went to school just now. So did I. 她刚才去学校了,我也是. She has finished the work. So have I. 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了.She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校,他也是.Tom cant swim. Neither can John.8. -We have a lot of rules at my house. 在家里我们有许多规定.-So do we. 我们也是.倒装句so + be/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语表示前面所叙述的肯定情况也适合于后者,

50、所叙述的不是同一人或物.也是如此neithernor+ be/ 助动词/情态动词 + 主语表示前面所叙述的否定情况也适合于后者,所叙述的不是同一人或物.也不 如：Tom has been to Beijing. So have I. - He speaks English well. - So he does. / - So do you. He cant swim. Neither/ Nor can I.单项选择1.Jimenjoyslisteningtopopmusic. A.SodoesHelen.B.AlsoisHelen C.HelenlikesalsoD.SoHelendoes 2

51、.OurEnglishteacherisverystrict_usandheisstrict_histeaching. A.with,atB.with,withC.at,atD.with,in 3.Whatsthematter? TheysaidIshouldnotbeallowedhere.Theydontallow_inthewaitingroom. A.smoking,tosmokeB.tosmoke,smoke C.tosmoke,smokingD.smoking,smoking 4.Hedoesntdohishomework_,thoughhehas_. A.carefullyeno

52、ugh,enoughtimeB.enoughcarelessly,timeenough C.carelesslyenough,enoughtimeD.enoughcarefully,enoughtime 5.Thelittlechildwastoo_toheartheendofthelongspeech. A.sleepyB.asleepC.sleepD.sleeping 6.Everyone_tohaveatleasteight_sleepatnight. A.needs,hoursB.need,hoursC.needed,hoursD.needs,hours 7.Weshouldgotos

53、choolat8:00_schoolmornings. A.atB.inC.onD.of 8.SomethingiswrongwithmyPDA.Iwillgetit_. A.repairB.repairingC.torepairD.repaired 9.Excuseme,youare_ofmypassingthrough.Imsorry,hereyougo. A.onthewayB.inthewayC.outthewayD.offtheway 10.Jilldidntfinishthehomework,_. A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.neither 11.Youmustconcentratemore_yourEnglish. A.toB.inC.onD.at 12.Thatisagoodwaytokeep_teachersandstudentshappy. A.eitherB.noneC.allD.both 13.Dontget_whenyoustudyingroups. A.noiseB.noisesC.noisyD.noising 14.Weshouldlearn_