考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考前自测提分卷25(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-中国矿业大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Nobody in the company pays attention to his opinion, because what he has said is always mere（ ）.问题1选项A.commonplaceB.commonC.ordinaryD.homely【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司中没人理会他的观点，因为他说的都是陈词滥调。commonplace “司空见惯的东西”；common “普通”；ordinary “平

2、常的人或事”；homely “家庭的”，形容词。根据句意，选项A符合题意。2.单选题（ ）is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.问题1选项A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It【答案】D【解析】考查形式主语的用法。本句缺少主语。that引导了一个完整的句子，由此可知句首只需要一个形式主语。四个选项中只有D选项it可充当形式主语。句意：英语正在被接受为一种国际语言，这是一个事实。3.单选题Its quite obvious that the aging population in Chi

3、na will cause（ ）heavy pressure on（ ）whole society in the future.问题1选项A.a; aB.the; /C.a; theD./; the【答案】D【解析】考查冠词用法。第一个空格后是pressure“压力”，为不可数名词，句中并不特指“压力”，因此无须使用冠词；第二空后的是whole society“整个社会”，应用定冠词the。因此D选项符合题意。4.单选题Other factors（ ） to the development of economic globalization are advanced scientific te

4、chnologies and better transportation system.问题1选项A.causingB.givingC.contributingD.resulting【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。cause“成为的原因，导致”；give“提供，给予”；contribute “贡献，出力，通常和介词to连用”；result “导致，发生”；根据空格后的介词to和句意（ ）经济全球化发展的其他因素是先进的科学技术和更好的运输系统。确定C选项正确。5.单选题The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, dont

5、have small children and get along（ ）to spend most of their time together.问题1选项A.too wellB.so wellC.well asD.well enough【答案】D【解析】词组辨析题。too well“太多；太好”，其在这里与空格后的to构成too well to do sth. “太好而不能做某事的搭配，这与句意不符；so well “这么好；如此以至”， 需要后接to引导的不定式时，般用so well as to do sth. “好的如此以至去做某事”；没有well as的短语，一般有as well as

6、“也；和.一样”的词组；well enough“很好，很健康，还可以，好到”，其在这里与空格后的to构成well enough to do sth.“足够去做某事”的短语。根据“to spend most of their time together度过他们的大部分时间”以及词组确定句意是这种解决方案只适用于个体经营、没有小孩且能和睦相处地一起度过他们的大部分时间的夫妻。所以D选项正确。6.单选题Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other peo

7、ple. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our v

8、iews challenged by other members of society.Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication, and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous gro

9、wth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which its

10、elf is often almost eclipsed by international news.No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority. In the last century, the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago, people used to flock to the cinema,

11、but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that is being channeled into millions of homes.Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their

12、horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertaining. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the

13、 society of which he is a part, the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.1.In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the（ ）of face-to-face contact in social settings.2.It is implied in the p

14、assage that（ ）.3.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?4.From the last paragraph we can infer that the writer is（ ）.问题1选项A.natureB.limitationC.usefulnessD.creativity问题2选项A.local news used to be the only source of informationB.local news still takes a significant placeC.national news is beco

15、ming more popularD.international news is the fastest transmitted news问题3选项A.To possess information used to be a privilege.B.Public libraries have replaced private libraries.C.Communication means more than transmission.D.Information influences ways of life and thinking.问题4选项A.indifferent to harmful i

16、nfluence of the mass mediaB.happy about the drastic changes in the mass mediaC.pessimistic about the future of the mass mediaD.concerned about the wrong use of the mass media【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“第一段作者强调的是面对面交流在社会场景中的”。文章第一段提到如果我们要参与到所生活的社会中去的话，必须与他人交流，无论是做公车去旅行，在商店里买东西，去餐馆里吃饭都需要

17、给他人提供自己的信息或者观点，接收新闻或评论，以上这些都说明了面对面交流在社会生活中的作用，因此选项C符合题意。2.推理判断题。题目问的是“文章暗示了”。文章第二段最后一句提到信息传播的速度已经彻底改变了通信的传输和接收方式，以至于地方新闻常常被置于国家新闻之后，而国家新闻又被国际新闻所淹没（Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which it

18、self is often almost eclipsed by international news），由此可知选项D“国际新闻传播地最快”符合题意。3.推理判断题。题目问的是“下列哪项是错误的”。文章第三段第一句话提到“信息不再是少数人的专属”（No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority），由此可知选项A说法正确，排除；文章第四段第一句提到“通信不仅仅涉及信息的传递”（Communication is no longer merely concerned with the tran

19、smission of information），由此可知选项C说法正确，排除；文章第四段第二句提到“现代通信产业影响着人们的社会生活方式，并通过信息、教育和娱乐来拓宽人们的视野”（The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertaining），由此可知选项D的说法正确，排除。综上，选项B符合题意。4.推理判断题。题目问的是“从

20、文章最后一段，我们可以推测作者”。文章最后一段提到虽然大众传媒的发展对个人和社会都有很大价值，但是庞大的现代传播网络很容易被泛滥（the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse），由此可以看出作者对于滥用大众媒体表示担忧，选项D符合题意。7.单选题All the students of this university have free（ ） to the Internet via a broadband connection.问题1选项A.accessB.entranceC.permissionD.passageway【答

21、案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学的所有学生通过连接宽带都可以免费上网。access “进入；机会”；entrance “入口”；permission “允许，许可”；passageway “通道，走廊”。根据句意，选项A符合题意。8.单选题Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one st

22、udy of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about th

23、eir pre-collegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs. Anecdotal (名人轶事)reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Gold smith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British

24、 school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.” Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly

25、 in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “

26、Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.” As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and self-absorption) are like

27、ly to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy (神童)studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith wa

28、s taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about s

29、chool. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.1.The main point the author is making about schools is that（ ）.2.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmiths teachers（ ）.3.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who（ ）.4.

30、Many gifted people attributed their success（ ）.5.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that （ ）.问题1选项A.they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgroundsB.they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsC.th

31、ey should organize their classes according to the students abilityD.they should enroll as many gifted students as possible问题2选项A.to provide support for his argumentB.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted childrenC.to explain how dull students can also be successfulD.to show how poor Olivers p

32、erformance was at school问题3选项A.paid no attention to their teachers in classB.contradicted their teachers much too oftenC.could not cope with their studies at school successfullyD.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers问题4选项A.mainly to parental help and their education at

33、homeB.both to school instruction and to their parents coachingC.more to their parents encouragement than to school trainingD.less to their systematic education than to their talent问题5选项A.their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleB.they were seldom praised by their teachersC.school courses fai

34、led to inspire or motivate themD.teachers were usually far stricter than their parents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.观点态度题。本题其实也属于主旨类题，解决方式也是找主旨。文章多出出现了“gifted students天赋学生”，第一句说到“Given the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have

35、little good to say about their school experience.考虑到天才学生和他们的学校之间的不和谐，这些学生经常对他们的学校生活没什么好的评价也就不足为奇了。”能提取出来的信息就是“天赋学生”对“学校”不满，原因是“不和谐”。学校无法满足他们的兴趣和要求，因此有天赋的学生并不喜欢学校。因此B选项“他们往往不能满足有才能学生的需要”正确。2.作者意图题。在第一段最后部分说到“About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, “Never was so dull a boy.” Often these

36、children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated. 关于奥利弗戈德史密斯，他的一位老师说：从来没有像他这样迟钝的孩子。这些孩子常常意识到他们知道的比老师多，他们的老师常常觉得这些孩子傲慢、注意力不集中或缺乏动力。”因此作者在这引用也是为了论证上文中提到的观点：许多有天赋的学生在学校表现很差或很不高兴。A选项“支持他的论点”正确。3.事实细节题。第二

37、段第一、二句说到“Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way.有些有天赋的人可能在学校表现很差，因为他们的天赋不是学术的。也许我们可以这样解释毕加索。”说明毕加索的天赋并非学术性，因此在学校表现并不佳。C选项“不能成功地应付他们在学校的学习”符合文意。4.事实细节题。本题是在找有天赋的学生自认为的成功原因，第三段第一句说到“When highly gi

38、fted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. 在任何领域，当极具天赋的学生谈论什么对他们能力的发展重要时，他们更可能提到他们的家庭，而不是学校或老师。”因此在他们看来，成功的重要因素是“家庭”。A选项“主要是父母的帮助和他们在家里的教育”符合题意。5.判断推理题。本题关键在于“root

39、 cause根本原因”。A选项“他们的不一致给他们带来了很多麻烦”，文章并未重点讲述“麻烦”造成他们不喜欢学校生活；B选项“他们很少受到老师的表扬”和D选项“老师通常比他们的父母严厉得多”未提及，因此排除。C选项“学校的课程没能激励他们”，也就是没有引起他们的兴趣，第一段和第二段多处提到，这些学生常觉得自己比老师知道得多，因此学校的课程并没有什么挑战性。所以C选项正确。9.单选题We had thought the exam would be difficult, but it（ ）easy.问题1选项A.turnedB.cameC.appearedD.proved【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨

40、析。A选项turn“转弯；转变”；B选项come“做；假装；来”；C选项appear“出现；显得”；D选项prove“证明；结果表明”。句意：我们原以为考试会很难，但它很容易。appear后接形容词表示“结果表明”时应用“appear to be”结构。只有prove后面接形容词有此用法且符合语境。因此D选项正确。10.单选题The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photographs fidelity to appearances an

41、d dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defense of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of realit

42、y, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Ser

43、ious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselvesanything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art. except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with a

44、rt. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.Photographers disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the cont

45、emporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined they were gettin

46、g away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photographys prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon o

47、r Pop painting during the 1960s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist paintingthat is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matissepresupposes highly developed skills of loo

48、king and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties and self-consciousness of a classic Moderni

49、st art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activityin short, an art.1.In the passage, the author i

50、s primarily concerned with（ ）.2.According to the author, the 19lb century defenders of photography stressed that photography was（ ）.3.According to the passage, some serious contemporary photographers make the claim that their photographs（ ）.4.It can be inferred from the passage that the author most

51、probably considers serious contemporary photography to be a（ ）.问题1选项A.defining the Modernist attitude toward artB.explaining how photography emerged as a fine artC.explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historical

52、contextD.defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches问题2选项A.a technologically advanced activityB.a device for observing the world impartiallyC.an art comparable to paintingD.an art that would eventua

53、lly replace the traditional arts问题3选项A.are examples of the photographers impartial observation of the worldB.can be created by almost anyone who could devote to the activityC.are important because of the subject but not the responses of the viewersD.exhibit the same principles used in painting问题4选项A

54、.contemporary art accepted as fine artB.craft requiring sensitivity but by no means as artC.mechanical copying of realityD.modern art that displays the Modernist tendency to try to subvert the prevailing aims of art【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。题目提问在这篇文章中，作者主要关心的是？根据第一段中 “Throughout the ninete

55、enth century，the defense of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art.整个19世纪，摄影的辩护都是力争将摄影确定为艺术”和第二段中“Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. 具有讽刺意味的是，虽然已经确凿无疑被认为是

56、一种艺术，但许多摄影家认为把摄影称之为美的艺术是矫揉造作或名不副实的。”以及全文在讲“在不同的历史背景下，当代严肃的摄影师对摄影是艺术的态度”确定C选项“说明当代严肃的摄影师对摄影作为艺术的态度，并把这些态度放在他们的历史的背景中”正确。2.细节事实题。题目提问据作者说，19世纪摄影的捍卫者强调摄影是？根据第一段中“Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged wa

57、y of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.为了反驳摄影是对现实的没有灵魂的机械复制的指责，摄影家断言：恰恰相反，摄影是观看事物的一种特有形式，是对普通视觉的一种背离，是一种与绘画有同样价值的艺术。”确定C选项“一种堪比绘画的艺术”正确。3.细节事实题。题目提问根据这篇文章，一些严肃的当代摄影师声称他们的照片？根据第二段中“Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impar

58、tially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselvesanything but making works of art. 严肃的摄影师们声称自己在寻找、记录、公正地观察、见证事件、探索自己但绝不是在创作艺术作品。”确定A选项“是摄影师公正地观察世界的例子”正确。4.细节事实题。题目提问从文章中可以推断，作者最可能认为严肃的当代摄影是一个？根据第二段中 “It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art. 它表明了他们对现代主义胜利强加给他们的艺术概念是多么地想当然：艺术越好，它对传统艺术目标的颠覆性就越大。” 确定D选项“一种现代艺术，显示了试图颠覆艺术盛行的现代主义趋势”正确。