考研考博-考博英语-广西大学考前自测提分卷99(含答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-广西大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.问答题Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correcti

2、ons in the blanks provided on the Answer Sheet. If you change a word underline it and -write the correct word in the corresponding Blank. If you odd a word, put an insertion mark, (/) in the right place anti write the missing word in blank. If you add a word, underline it and put a slash (/) in the

3、blank.【答案】1.other another2.shopping shop3.or and4.at on5.to /6.are were7.makes making8.without away9.mean means10.discourage encourage【解析】1.固定搭配。One another 互相。2.词性误用。此句中由and并列连接不定式动词短语，因此，将shopping改为动词原形shop。3.连词误用。并列连词or表示选择 “或者”，and表示 “然后，接着”。因此这里应该用and。4.固定搭配。be mad on 对着迷。5.固定搭配。Make sb. do sth

4、.使某人做某事。6.语法题。这是由supposing (that)引导条件句，整句话是过去时态， 因此，that从句中的谓语动词“arent”应该改为“were not”。7.语法题。句子已经有谓语动词was，因此动词make得变成非谓语动词。另外，make与逻辑主语company之间是主动关系。而且，根据并列连词and后面的非谓语形式 “making”可知，此处要将makes改为making。8.固定搭配。该处句意为:假设只有一个商店，你得买它所提供的东 西，根据它的要求付钱，或者离开。你没有真正的选择。Go away表示“走开，离开”，因此将without改为away。9.语法题。考查主谓

5、一致。该句主语是不可数名词“competition(竞争)”。因此谓语动词应该用三单形式。10.动词误用。前面句意为: 供应商之间的竞争意味着消费者可以获得更好的 交易；消费者的选择是影响产品的重要手段。因此此处应该表示的是“消费者鼓励竞争”。2.单选题Did Hanna say anything about me in her letter?”“Only that shed appreciate（ ）from you?问题1选项A.to hearB.hearingC.to hearingD.to have heard【答案】B【解析】句意:“Hana在信中有提及我吗？ ”“只说她很感谢收到你

6、的信吗？”考查固定搭配。appreciate doing sth. 感谢（某人）做某事。3.单选题Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong（ ）on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.问题1选项A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact【答案】D【解析】句意:泰勒教授的报告表明，科学已经对非科学家和科学家的日常生活产生了强大的影响。考查固定搭配。have impact on

7、 sth. 对产生影响。4.单选题Elizabeth Holmes: Holmes is where the heart isTheranoss boss says her mission extends beyond making a fortune. TECH entrepreneurs often have their own distinctive uniforms. For Facebooks Mark Zuckerberg, it is jeans and a hoodie. For the late Steve Jobs, it was jeans and black turtl

8、eneck. Elizabeth Holmes has plumped for something smarter matching black jacket, trousers and turtleneck. It saves having to decide what to wear each morning, she says with typical single-mindedness.At the age of 19 Ms Holmes had an idea about to improve the way blood tests are done. So she dropped

9、out of Stanford University, where she was studying chemical engineering, and with money that had been set aside for her college education she quietly founded Theranos, a diagnostics company. That was in 2003. She says she spent the next ten years in stealth mode, without press releases or even a com

10、pany website. During that time she perfected a way of doing hundreds of tests cheaply and quickly on a drop of blood, using lab-on-a-chip technology.Today, aged 31, she is estimated by Forbes magazine to be worth $4.7 billion, and thus to be the worlds youngest self-made female billionaire. She is t

11、he author, and co-author, of numerous patents and patent applications. Yet Ms Holmes seems uninterested in money or kudos.She says her mission is to use testing to help people stay healthy. She wants to detect diseases such as diabetes, cancers and heart disease far earlier, before they produce symp

12、toms, and in doing so save lives. Admirers have compared her to technology titans like Jobs. But her focus on humanitys big problems makes her more like Elon Musk, who wants not just to make money building space rockets and electric cars, but to colonise other planets and save this one from climate

13、change.This week Ms Holmes announced that she was taking her mission beyond Americas borders, by launching a not-for-profit project to bring cheap medical tests to Mexico with backing from Carlos Slim, a Mexican telecoms magnate. Theranos is still privately ownedMs Holmes says she holds more than 50

14、% of its stock-and remains secretive about its revenue streams and plans. Although it is hard to know if the company merits its rich valuation, one encouraging sign for other investors is the companys stellar board of directors. It includes two former secretaries of state (George Shultz and Henry Ki

15、ssinger)and a number of high-profile investors including Larry Ellison of Oracle. If an ability to win over luminaries is a diagnostic test for the health of young companies, Theranos passes.1. Elizabeth Holmes mission in business is（ ）?2. Elizabeth Holmes is always in（ ）?3. Which of the following s

16、tatement is NOT TRUE?4. Ms Holmes is like Elon Musk in（ ）?5. Two former secretaries of state and a number of high-profile investors are listed to（ ）.问题1选项A.to help people stay healthyB.to improve the way blood tests are doneC.to make a fortuneD.to detect diseases问题2选项A.jeans and black turtleneckB.je

17、ans and a hoodieC.black jacket and turtleneckD.jeans and trousers问题3选项A.Ms Holmes knew how to improve the way blood tests are doneB.Ms Holmes was dropped out of Stanford UniversityC.Ms Holmes studied chemical engineering at Stanford UniversityD.Ms Holmes established a company by herself.问题4选项A.makin

18、g money in their own businessB.colonizing other planets and save this one from climate changeC.becoming technology titansD.protecting human beings of the world.问题5选项A.show great youth of the company.B.show great success of the company.C.show great structure of the companyD.show great promise of the

19、company【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词定位至第五段:She says her mission is to use testing to help people stay healthy (她说她的责任是通过这些测验让人们保持健康)。因此A项 “以帮助人们保持健康”正确。2.细节事实题。第一段指出: Elizabeth Holmes has plumped for something smarter matching black jacket, trousers and turtleneck (伊丽莎白福尔摩斯喜欢更时髦的黑

20、色夹克、裤子和高领毛衣)。因此，C项 “黑夹克和高领毛衣”正确。3.判断推理题。第二段指出: At the age of 19 Ms Holmes had an idea about how to improve the way blood tests are done (霍姆斯19岁时就有了一个改进验血方法的想法)。因此，A项“霍姆斯知道改进血液检测的方法”不符合原文所述。4.判断推理题。根据题干定位至倒数第二段: But her focus on humanitys big problems makes her more like Elon Musk, who wants not just

21、 to make money building space rockets and electric cars, but to colonies other planets and save this one from climate change(但她对人类大问题的关注使她更像埃隆马斯克，他不仅想通过制造太空火箭和电动汽车赚钱，还想殖民其他星球，把这个星球从气候变化中拯救出来)。因此，本题选D项“保护地球上的人类”。5.判断推理题。最后一段指出: Although it is hard to know if the company merits its rich valuation，one

22、encouraging sign for other investors is the companys stellar board of directors (尽管很难知道该公司是否值得其丰厚的估值，但对其他投资者来说，一个令人鼓舞的迹象是该公司出色的董事会)。由此可知，列出两位前国务卿和一些知名投资者是为了展现公司的巨大前景。故选D。5.单选题I couldnt have got to the meeting on time（ ）an earlier train.问题1选项A.if I had not caughtB.unless I had caughtC.if I did not ca

23、tchD.unless I caught【答案】A【解析】句意:要是我没有赶上早一班火车，我就不可能及时到会了。语法题。考查虚拟语气。此句是一个虚拟语气的条件句，主句是现在完成时，因此，从 句的时态应该排除C和D项。虚拟语气的条件句中,常常用if来表示“如果”,而不用unless, 因此选A.。6.单选题He has（ ）little time for reading.I have never seen（ ）little boxes.问题1选项A.such; soB.so; soC.so; suchD.such; such a【答案】C【解析】句意:他读书的时间少得可怜。 我从未见过那样小的盒

24、子。 考查副词辨析。用so little还是such little取决于little的意思：表示数量方面的“少”，则用so little;表示形状体积的“小”，则用such little.即，句中若出现little（少），much, many, few必须用so,因此，第一句中的little是指“少”， 故用so;第二句中的little是形容体积的“小”，故用such。7.单选题What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unb

25、orn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotion

26、al shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we cannot see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood a

27、nd produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits knowledge of mathemati

28、cs. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an e

29、specially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may bec

30、ome a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love

31、 of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.1. Which of the following state

32、ments is not true?2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that（ ）.3. According to the passage, a child may inherit（ ）.4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will（ ）.5. Which

33、of the following is the best title for the passage?问题1选项A.Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.B.It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C.The blood vessels of mother and child do not join d

34、irectly.D.There are no connection between mothers nervous systems and her unborn childs.问题2选项A.she is emotionally shockedB.she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC.she takes part in all kind of activitiesD.she sticks to studying问题3选项A.everything from his motherB.a knowledge of mathematicsC.a rather

35、general ability that we call intelligenceD.her mothers musical ability问题4选项A.surely become musicianB.mostly become a poetC.possibly become a teacherD.become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music问题5选项A.Role of Inheritance.B.An Unborn Child.C.Function of instinc

36、ts.D.Inherited Talents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。题干意为:以下哪项不正确？A:孕期妈妈通过学习诗歌、艺术或者数学，以影响宝宝的某种品质。B:完全不能从产前发育中学到什么。C:母亲的血管和孩子没有直接连接。D:母亲和宝宝之间的神经系统没有连接。文章第一句指出: What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying

37、poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible (孕期妈妈通过学习诗歌、艺术或者数学，以影响宝宝的某种品质，以期获得众所周知的“产前发展”，但是，这似乎是不可能的)。因此A项正确,B项错误。第一段还指出:There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly (母亲和宝宝之间的神经系统没有连接。甚至，母亲的血管和孩子没有直接连接

38、),因此C和D项正确。答案选B。2.细节事实题。题干意为:在什么情况下，母亲影响未出生的宝宝？第一段指出:An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse (妈妈情绪上的波动会影响到宝宝，因为这能改变她腺体的活性和血

39、液中的化学成分。妈妈血液中化学成分的任何改变都会或好或坏的影响到宝宝)。因此，A项“她的情绪波动”正确。3.细节事实题。题干意为:根据文章，孩子会遗传什么？根据题干关键词child和inherit定位至第二段: It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence (然而，可能是孩子或多或少遗传了相当普通的能力, 我们把它称之为智力)。因此，C项“我们称之为智力的一种相当普通的能力”正确。4.细节事实题。题干意为:如果孩子从

40、母亲那遗传了一些东西，如特别灵敏的耳朵、构造独特的双手和特别的发音器官，那么，他会怎么样？第三段指出: As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician

41、must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician (对于音乐才能，宝宝可能遗传 的可能是特别灵敏的耳朵、构造独特的双手、由神经和肌肉相互连接的发音器官，而上述条件能让一个人相对容易地习得音乐家的动作和特别饱满的感情。 如果这些因素都围绕音乐而被组织起来，那么，孩子可能成为音乐家)。因此选D项“在所有因素都围绕着音乐而组织的时候，他会成为音乐家”。5.主旨大意题。题干意为:最适合文章的标

42、题是文章主要是通过介绍孕期妈妈与未出生的宝宝相关品质的关系，进而分析 在宝宝的天赋形成过程中，遗传起到什么样的作用。因此A项“遗传的角色”比较适合做文章标题。8.单选题You forgot your keys when you left home in the morning.Good heavens,（ ）.问题1选项A.so did I.B.so I did.C.so you did.D.so did you.【答案】B【解析】句意:早上，你离开家的时候，忘记拿钥匙了。天啦，是的！语法题。考查省略。第一句的you和第二句的I是同一个人。根据句意关系， 后句是表示同意上文陈述的内容，而第一句

43、主句的动词是forgot （过去时），因此“sol did”表示“确实”，符合句意和结构，助动词需与前文保持时态一致。因此B项正确。9.单选题Over a third of the population was estimated to have no（ ）to the health service.问题1选项A.assessmentB.assignmentC.exceptionD.access【答案】D【解析】句意:据估计，超过三分之一的人口无法获得公共医疗卫生服务。考查固定搭配。Have access to 有权使用，有机会使用。10.单选题We sometimes think human

44、s are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家)Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks tiog24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the curren

45、t by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could not. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shockLaudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the hel

46、pless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has sh

47、own that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli dont develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control

48、. Such findings reinforce psychologists suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader at the Uni

49、versity of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射)mice to avoid saccharin (糖精)by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly l

50、earned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader reexposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could on

51、ly speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to skill them.1. Laudenslagers experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off theelectricity（ ）.2. According to the passage, the experience o

52、f helplessness causes rats to（ ）.33. The reason why the mice in Aders experiment avoided saccharin was that（ ）.4. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Aders experimentwas that（ ）.5. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals（ ）.

53、 问题1选项A.was strengthenedB.was not affectedC.was alteredD.was weakened问题2选项A.try to control unpleasant stimuliB.turn off the electricityC.behave passively in controllable situationsD.become abnormally suspicious问题3选项A.they disliked its tasteB.it affected their immune systemC.it led to stomach painsD.

54、they associated it with stomachaches问题4选项A.they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB.the sweetener was poisonous to themC.their immune systems had been altered by the mindD.they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning问题5选项A.can be weakened by conditioningB.can be supp

55、ressed by drug infectionsC.can be affected by frequent doses of saccharinD.can be altered by electric shocks【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段倒数第二句指出: Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electr

56、icity (Laudenslager发现，无助老鼠（不能关掉电流的老鼠） 的免疫功能被削弱至低于正常水平，但是，对于那些能切断电流的老鼠的免疫 功能则不会受到影响)。因此B项“不受影响”正确。2.细节事实题。第二段第三句指出: But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control (但是，如果动物有（老鼠）面对过控制不了的情况， 那么，以后即使在自己

57、能够控制的情况下，其反应也是消极的)，因此C项“在可控制的情况下，表现得消极”正确。3.细节事实题。第三段指出: Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener (将糖精与胃疼关联 后，老鼠很快学会避免糖精)。因此，选D项“他们与胃疼有关联”。4.判断推理题。第三段举例是为了证明该段中心句，即: .how the mind can alter the immune response.(思想是如何改变/影响免疫系统)，故选C项“它们的免疫系统被其思想改变了”。5.判断推理题。第三段中Ader的实验说明通过各种具体手段使动物形成某种条件反射就能削弱其免疫功能。因此，A项“条件反射可能减弱免疫系统”正确。