考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷32（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题That machine was very useful; but he was definitely（ ） when he said it was the greatest machine ever invented.问题1选项A.lyingB.bluffingC.exaggeratingD.overreacting【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。lie “躺”；bluff “虚张声势”；exaggerate “夸大”；overreact

2、 “反应过度”。句意：那台机器用处非常大，但是当他声称它曾经是最伟大的机器时，明显是在夸大。选项C符合题意。2.单选题Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the （1）claws of the big cats. They could not （2）with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws （3）an impressive

3、“small-fire” weaponry. They could not even defend themselves （4）running swiftly like horse, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been （5）to failure and extinction. But they were （6）with enormous concealed advantages of a kind no

4、t （7）by any of their competitors.In the search （8）the pickings of the forest, the ape-man had （9）efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color （10）the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range （11）the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that l

5、ay far （12）he reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long distance sight was （13）another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight, so（14）they had had to do was c

6、limb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not （15）. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men （16）the only possible solution. They reared up as high as （17）on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical

7、position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still. （18）they persevered and their bone structure gradually became （19）to the new, unstable position that （20）them the name Homo erectus, upright man.问题1选项A.bigB.we

8、akC.strongD.small问题2选项A.matchB.compareC.rivalD.equal问题3选项A.becameB.equippedC.posedD.provided问题4选项A.inB.uponC.byD.with问题5选项A.drivenB.doomedC.forcedD.led问题6选项A.bestowedB.givenC.presentedD.endowed问题7选项A.managedB.possessedC.posedD.opposed问题8选项A.forB.ofC.onD.at问题9选项A.progressedB.generatedC.developedD.adv

9、anced问题10选项A.whichB.asC.whatD.that问题11选项A.urgedB.permittedC.bannedD.caused问题12选项A.fromB.apartC.beyondD.above问题13选项A.ratherB.quiteC.muchD.really问题14选项A.anythingB.thatC.everythingD.all问题15选项A.availableB.enoughC.sufficientD.convenient问题16选项A.choseB.adoptedC.acceptedD.took问题17选项A.valuableB.acceptableC.p

10、ossibleD.able问题18选项A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Subsequently问题19选项A.suitedB.familiarizedC.adaptedD.accustomed问题20选项A.obtainedB.calledC.deservedD.earned【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B第6题:D第7题:B第8题:B第9题:C第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:B第14题:D第15题:A第16题:B第17题:C第18题:A第19题:C第20题:D【解析】（1）考查前后逻辑。neither nor“既不 也

11、不 ”，两个词接后面接类似的词，neither后面接的是 powerful，所以nor后面应该接四个选项里的strong。选项C符合题意。（2）考查动词词义辨析。match “使匹配，使相称”；compare “比较”；rival “与 竞争”；equal “等于，比得上”。空格处所在句子的句意是：他们比不上狗熊，狗熊的力量、速度和爪子都能够提供很好的武器。选项A符合题意。（3）考查动词词义辨析。 become “成为”；equip “装备；配备”；pose “摆姿势”；provide “提供”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第32题，选项D符合题意。（4）考查介词词义辨析。空格处所在句子的句意是：

12、他们甚至不能像马和斑马那样通过奔跑来保护自己。by “通过”，符合题意。（5）考查动词词组辨析。be driven to “沉浸于”；be doomed to sth. “注定”；be forced to “被迫”；lead to “导致”。空格处所在句子的句意是：如果一个类人猿试图在野外与其他动物搏斗，他们注定失败并且灭绝。选项B符合题意。（6）考查动词词义辨析。bestow “赠给”，常与on或upon搭配；give “给”，常与to搭配；present “赠予”，常与with搭配；endow“天生具有，赋予”，一般用被动式与with搭配。空格处所在句子的句意是：他们天生拥有其他任何竞争对

13、手所不具有的某种巨大的隐蔽的优势。选项D符合题意。（7）考查动词词义辨析。manage “成功做”；possess “占有”；pose“摆姿势”；oppose “反对”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第36题。选项B符合题意。（8）考查固定搭配。in the search of 是固定搭配，“在寻找 的过程中”。选项B符合题意。（9）考查动词词义辨析。generate “生成，产生”；progress “进展，进步”；develop “形成，获得”；advance “前进，发展”。空格处所在句子的大意是在生存竞争中类人猿逐步形成了有效的、草地动物不具有的立体视觉和颜色辨色能力。选项C符合题意。（10

14、）考查定语从句。先行词是efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color，先行词有两个，所以只能用 that。选项D符合题意。（11）考查动词词义辨析。urge “催促”；permit “允许”；ban “禁止”；cause “引起”。空格处前面 the ability to see clearly at close range “能够近距离看到目标的能力”这个能力为它们研究实际问题提供条件，即“允许”它们去研究实际问题。选项B符合题意。（12）考查固定搭配。beyond the reach of “在 范围之外”。选项C符合题意。（13）考

15、查副词词义辨析。quite是程度副词，可以用在限定词another前面，而另外三个副词则不可以。选项B符合题意。（14）考查从句引导词。本句是由so引导的一个从句，句子缺少一个引导词，该引导词充当they had to do的宾语，all符合题意。（15）考查形容词词义辨析。available “可得到的；可用的”；enough “足够的”；sufficient “充足的”；convenient意为“方便的”。空格处句子所在的句意是：然而，在空旷的野外，这种方法是行不通的。选项A符合题意。（16）考查动词词义辨析。choose“选择，挑选”；adopt“采用；采纳”；accept“接受”；ta

16、ke“实施；采取”。空格处所在句子的句意是：类人猿采用了唯一可行的方法。选项B符合题意。（17）考查形容词词义辨析。valuable “有价值的”；acceptable “可接受的，合意的”；possible“可能的”；able “能够的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：它们的后肢尽可能高地抬起，开始直立行走。选项C符合题意。（18）考查前后逻辑。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；meanwhile“同时”；subsequently“随后”。空格处所在句子与前面的句子提到直立行走使得类人猿站不稳，并且跟其他动物相比本来速度就慢了，现在变得更慢了（It was extremely u

17、nstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still）。空格处后面提到类人猿继续坚持并且使得骨头结构开始逐渐变化，可以看出前后存在转折关系，所以however符合题意。（19）考查形容词词义辨析。be suited to sth. “适合 的”；be accustomed to “习惯于”；be familiarized with“与 相熟”；adapt to sth. “适应”。空格处所在句子的句意是：它们的骨骼渐渐适应了这种新的行走方式。选项C符合题意。（20）考查动词词义辨析。obtain “获得”；

18、call “叫”；deserve “值得”；earn “赚得，赢得”。空格处所在句子提到由于类人猿的骨骼逐渐适应了直立行走，因此赢得了“直立人”的称号。选项D符合题意。3.单选题The doctors dont （ ） that the patient will live much longer.问题1选项A.monitorB.manifestC.articulateD.anticipate【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。monitor “监督，监控”；manifest “显示，表明”；articulate “发音”；anticipate “预期，预计”。句意：医生预计患者不会活更长。选项

19、D符合题意。4.单选题If you divide 7 by 3, you have 1 （ ）问题1选项A.left overB.left outC.left offD.left about【答案】A【解析】考查动词词组辨析。left over “剩下，遗留”；left out “被遗忘，忽略”；left off “停止，中断”；left about “乱丢，乱放”。句意：七除以三还余一。选项A符合句意。5.单选题For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is

20、give them extensive urine (尿).After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it seems that those doctors may have been wrong. The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. Altho

21、ugh proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.Or at least thats the argument put forward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, said Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supp

22、lements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials. But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the co

23、st.The best evidence to date concerns folate （叶酸）,one of the B vitamins. Its been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos （胚胎）,and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.The news on v

24、itamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already have heart disease, the vitamin doesnt seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E

25、plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.Despite vitamin Cs great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes （排泄）any excess.The multivitamins question boils down t

26、o this： Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that theres enough evidence that they dont hurt and could help?If the latter, theres no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can ca

27、use trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.1.At o

28、ne time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed that multivitamins2.According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements （ ）3.It has been found that vitamin E（ ） .4.It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins （ ）.5.The author concludes the passage with the advi

29、ce that（ ） .问题1选项A.could not easily be absorbed by the human bodyB.were potentially harmful to peoples healthC.were too expensive for daily consumptionD.could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies问题2选项A.often result in misleading conclusionsB.take time and will not produce conclusive results

30、C.should be conducted by scientists on a larger scaleD.appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources问题3选项A.should be taken by patients regularly and persistentlyB.can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart diseaseC.has a preventive but not curative effect on heart diseaseD.should be given to

31、patients with heart disease as early as possible问题4选项A.may bring about serious side effectsB.may help prevent excessive bleedingC.are likely to induce the blockage of arteriesD.are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies问题5选项A.the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise

32、 and a balanced dietB.its risky to take multivitamins without knowing their specific functionC.the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimatedD.its reasonable to take a rational dose of multivitamins daily【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.文章开篇第一句话For years, doctors advised their p

33、atients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them extensive urine. 很多年来，医生告诫他们的病人服用复合维生素只会导致他们多尿。由此可知，对于医生来说，维生素很难被吸收，都会通过尿液排出。选项A符合题意。2.文章第二段第二句话提到所有的维他命供应都会在实验的基础上进行科学的评估。接下来第三句话“但是这些研究需要花费大量时间，并且会提出更多的问题”。选项B符合题意。3.文章第四段“It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention b

34、ut cannot undo serious damage ”（维他命E被证明可以预防但是对已经严重的病没有效果。）选项C符合题意。4.文章倒数第二段最后一句话提到吃过量的维他命会造成一些问题，比如血流不止和神经系统方面的问题。选项A中的serious side effects 与这些信息对应，所以选项A符合题意。5.文章最后一段提到人们对于维生素应该采取的态度：潜在的好处都不会太大，但是会带来长久的好处，平时服用维生素对身体是很有好处的。选项D符合题意。6.单选题I could （ ）the shadowy figure of a man in the distance.问题1选项A.dis

35、tinguishB.perceiveC.notifyD.discern【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。perceive “察觉，感觉”；notify “通知，公布”；distinguish 与 discern 二者均有“区别，辨别”的意思，前者指辨别者的能力或实际观察到的区别，强调辨别所需要的技巧。后者语义比较笼统，着重准确的观察力，不一定有能分辨出关系密切的各项事物的含义。这个句子的句意是“看清远处那个人的身影”强调的是观察力而不是技巧。所以选项D符合题意。7.单选题Bob was not a （ ）man who never made a quick decision about an

36、ything.问题1选项A.boldB.recklessC.deliberateD.rash【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。bold “大胆的，英勇的”；reckless “鲁莽的，不顾后果的”； deliberate “故意的，深思熟虑的”；rash “轻率的，鲁莽的”。句意：Bob不是那种在做决定之前多加思考的人。选项C符合题意。8.单选题The ideas expressed in the art historians book are more（ ） than one would expect on the basis of her rather （ ）treatment of

37、her subject in the opening pages.问题1选项A.compelling.intriguingB.accessible.reconditeC.hidebound.reactionaryD.insightful.innovative【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。compelling “引人注目的，不可抗拒的”；intriguing “有趣的，迷人的”；accessible “易接近的，可进入的，可理解的”；recondite “深奥的，隐藏的”；hidebound “死板的，保守的，顽固的”；reactionary “保守的，反动的”；insightful “

38、有深刻见解的，富有洞察力的”；innovative “革新的，创新的”。句意：跟她在开篇对主题的深奥表述，对于读者而言，这个艺术史学家书中的观点要容易理解很多。选项B符合题意。9.单选题A motion picture director for over twenty years, John Champman stamped his film with（ ）tyle and personal conviction.问题1选项A.himselfB.his ownC.hisD.him【答案】B【解析】考查人称代词和物主代词的用法。句意：二十多年来，电影导演John将他的电影深深烙上了个人风格和个人信仰的记号。选项B符合题意。his own “他自己的”。10.单选题（ ） trouble, Im going to forget the whole affair.问题1选项A.Than rather causeB.Rather causingC.Rather than causeD.Rather than caused【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。Rather than do sth.是固定搭配，意为“与其做某事”。句意：与其惹麻烦，我打算忘记整件事情。选项C符合题意。