考研考博-考博英语-昆明理工大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷4（附带答案详解）

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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-昆明理工大学考试易错、难点名师剖析押密卷（附带答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts” have （ ）possible many recent developments in surgery.问题1选项A.made itB.been madeC.madeD.become【答案】C【解析】考查语态。句子的主语为Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts”（塑料心脏瓣膜和其

2、他人体器官“零件”），宾语为many recent developments（最近许多的发展），主语与宾语之间为主动关系，故排除B选项。句子的宾语在possible后面不需要形式宾语，故排除A选项。have become possible表示“成为可能”，have made possible表示“使成为可能”，根据句意可知C选项符合语境。句意：塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”使最近许多的发展成为可能。2.单选题I （ ）you that the goods will be delivered next week.问题1选项A.ensureB.assureC.confirmD.insist【答

3、案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项ensure“确保，保证”，指确保某事会发生，宾语一般接物，而不是人；B选项assure“使确信，向保证”，其后宾语一搬接人；C选项confirm“（尤指提供证据来）证实，证明，确认”；D选项insist“坚决要求，坚持”。由宾语you可知选B。句意：我向你保证，这批货将于下周交货。3.单选题Your advice would be（ ）valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end.问题1选项A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.extensivelyD.exclusively【答案】A

4、【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项exceedingly“非常，极其”；B选项excessively“过度地”；C选项extensively“广大地，广泛地”；D选项exclusively“唯一地”。根据valuable（很重要的，宝贵的）可知A选项符合语境。句意：你的建议对他来说是非常宝贵的，因为他现在束手无策。4.翻译题Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.为了成长，为了游历新的道路，人们需乐于去冒险，去面对未知，去接受会“失败”的可能性。当我们尝试一种新的存在方式时，如何看待自己对我

5、们的成长能力至关重要。我们认为自己反应敏捷又有好奇心吗？如果那样，那么我们会抓住更多机会，会对陌生的经历更敞开心扉。我们认为自己害羞而优柔寡断吗？那么我们的胆怯感会使我们犹豫不决、行动缓慢，直到我们确信安全才会更进一步。【答案】In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see o

6、urselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think were shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate,

7、to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe.5.单选题Generous public funding of basic science would（ ）considerable benefits for the countrys health, wealth and security.问题1选项A.result fromB.settle downC.lie inD.lead to【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项result from“产生于， 由引起”；B选项settle down“定居”

8、；C选项lie in“在于，位于”；D选项lead to“导致，把带到”。根据句子之间的逻辑关系可知选D，表示慷慨的公共资助会给国家带来好处。句意：对基础科学慷慨的公共资助将为国家的健康、财富和安全带来可观的好处。6.单选题Mr. Lee is far too wise a man not（ ）that.问题1选项A.seeingB.being seenC.seeD.to see【答案】D【解析】考查固定结构。too.to表示“太以至于不能”，too. not to属于双重否定的结构，表示“太不能不”。句意：李先生太聪明了，不会不知道这点的。7.单选题As the great low ebb

9、of high tech sweeps through the world of online commerce, two kinds of sites are weathering the storm. The first group is often referred to as “clicks and mortar”online extensions of stores like Walmart or Sears. They take an existing, traditional business and extend it into the online arena. The se

10、cond group provides a unique service made possible by the Internets special characteristics. Job sites and online auctioneer e-Bay are both good examples of the new breed of business that the Internet continues to foster.C is one of the latter group. Its a website that provides users with online sto

11、res where they can sell shirts, mugs, and mousepads customized with their own logos and/or slogans. By itself, this is a fairly useful service, and an example of how the Internet has changed the art of marketing and customer service.C, however, is rather remarkable for another reason. Customers dont

12、 need to print large lots of items. They dont need to worry about shipping the goods to their customers. And they dont need to talk to another human being to get their store “built” in the first place. The site lets you upload an image and choose what sort of item youd like it to appear on. You can

13、then choose how much to mark the item upthe difference between the items base cost and your mark-up price is your profit.Base prices are high, but understandable when you consider what does for the initial investment. An 11-ounce mug starts at $10.99. For that, prints the mug on a piece-by-piece bas

14、is, provides the ordering software, handles the money, packs it, and ships it for you. The mugs purchaser pays shipping and handling costs; the store owners effort is limited to uploading the original image for the mug, setting the cost, and writing a brief description of the item.It seems to be cat

15、ching on. “More and more companies come to us, who want to do some kind of merchandising, who want to offer a range of products to their users, but dont want the hassles（麻烦事）associated with it,” says Maheesh Jain, cafepress.corns co-founder and vice-president. “Thats where we come inwere one of the

16、few companies that offer this kind of full-service solution.”But the most exciting aspect of is not its ability to help major corporations outsource（外包）and customize their merchandising efforts. Whats remarkable about the system is how simple it is to open a store. An average individual with an idea

17、 that could sell 50 T-shirts or mugs cant justify a traditional merchandising effort, but with , users can easily bring ideas to fruition（完成）with very little time and no financial risk. Moreover, the quality of the merchandise is good; Ive ordered a mug and a shirt from , and both were shipped relat

18、ively promptly, and arrived exactly as promised. C is an idea thats easy to get excited about. Its a smallbut tangible example of how the Internet can change the way we live.1.The expression “weathering the storm” in the first sentence means（ ）.2.The first kind of site differs from the second kind o

19、f site in that（ ）.3.Which of the following about C is NOT true?4.What kind of customers need C most according to its vice-president?5.What is the most outstanding about C according to the author?问题1选项A.surviving a crisisB.coming into beingC.struggling in the stormD.being dominated by a stormy high t

20、ech wave问题2选项A.the first kind sells commodities while the second offers serviceB.the first kind extends items sold beyond the traditional categoriesC.the second kind is rising while the first kind is declining in the world of online commerceD.the second kind offers untraditional jobs to people exper

21、ienced ill auctioning问题3选项A.Its customers are those who want to sell things rather than buy things.B.It, along with similar sites, has changed the traditional way of marketing.C.It keeps its profit to a minimum in order to attract online customers.D.Its users dont have to transact the items to be so

22、ld face-to-face with their customers.问题4选项A.Those who sell a great variety of items.B.Those who sell unconventional commodities.C.Those who want to avoid the trouble of negotiating with clients.D.Those who have problem keeping their commodities moving.问题5选项A.The help it offers major companies in mar

23、keting their commodities.B.The conveniences it gives to companies in selling their commodities.C.The high quality of the merchandise it offers to customers.D.The speed and security it offers users to put their ideas into practice.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.词义题。“weather the storm”中的the storm是

24、指前面的“the great low ebb of high tech（高科技的低谷）”，由文章第一段中的最后一句Job sites and online auctioneer e-Bay are both good examples of the new breed of business that the Internet continues to foster.（Job sites和online auctioneer e-Bay都是互联网继续培育的商务新品种的好例子）可推测“two kinds of sites（两类网站）”经受住了这次高科技的低谷，并生存了下来，因此A选项“危机中生存”

25、符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据题干的关键词the firs kind of site和the send kind of site定位到文章第一段中，由第一段第二三四句The first group is often referred to as “clicks and mortar” online extensions of stores like Walmart or Sears. They take an existing, traditional business and extend it into the online arena. The second group provides

26、 a unique service made possible by the Internets special characteristics.（第一种通常被称为“实体与虚拟结合的商店”Walmart 或Sears等商店的在线扩展。他们将现有的传统业务扩展到在线领域。第二种提供了一种独特的服务，这是由于互联网的特殊性而得以实现的） 可知第一种卖产品，而第二种卖服务，因此A选项“第一种是销售商品，第二种是提供服务”符合题意。3.细节事实题。由文章第四段第一句Base prices are high, but understandable when you consider what does

27、for the initial investment.（基础价格很高这是可以理解的，考虑到CafeP为初始投资所做的工作）可知C选项“为了吸引在线客户，它将利润降到最低”表示不正确。4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词vice-president定位到文章倒数第二段中，由More and more companies come to us, who want to do some kind of merchandising, who want to offer a range of products to their users, but dont want the hassles associat

28、ed with it（越来越多的公司来找我们，他们想做某种商品销售，他们想向他们的用户提供一系列的产品，但他们不想做与之相关的麻烦事）可知C选项“那些想避免与客户谈判的麻烦的人”符合题意。5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词the most outstanding about C定位到文章最后一段中，由Whats remarkable about the system is how simple it is to open a store（这个系统值得注意的是，开一家商店是多么简单）和but with , users can easily bring ideas to fruition with v

29、ery little time and no financial risk（但是，使用，用户可以轻松地将想法在短时间内实现，而且没有财务风险）可知D选项“它为用户提供了快速将他们的想法付诸实践的安全性”符合题意。8.单选题Heavy smokers are twenty times more likely to be（ ）by lung cancer than non-smokers.问题1选项A.grippedB.strickenC.attackedD.ravaged【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项grip“紧握，抓牢”；B选项strike“击打，碰撞”，指灾难或疾病的爆发；C选项at

30、tack“攻击，进攻”，指暴力性的袭击或者战争的攻击；D选项ravage“毁坏”。由lung cancer（肺癌）可知选B符合逻辑搭配。句意：烟瘾大的人患肺癌的几率是不吸烟者的20倍。9.单选题I wish（ ）to Stockholm when I was in Sweden. I hear its a beautiful city.问题1选项A.I wentB.I had goneC.to goD.to have gone【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况，用would/could do表示与将来相反的情况

31、。由“when I was in Sweden”可知此处是对过去的虚拟，故wish后的宾语从句用过去完成时，因此选B。10.单选题The fishing village of 1,480 people is a bleak and lonely place. Set on the southwestern edge of Iceland, the volcanic landscape is whipped by the North Atlantic winds, which hush everything around them. A sculpture at the entrance to

32、the village depicts a naked man facing a wall of seawater twice his height. There is no movie theater, and many residents never venture to the capital, a 50-minute drive away.But Sandgerdi might be the perfect place to raise girls who have mathematical talent. Government researchers two years ago te

33、sted almost every 15-year-old in Iceland for it and found that boys trailed far behind girls. That fact was unique among the 41 countries that participated in the standardized test for that age group designed by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. But while Icelands girls were

34、alone in the world in their significant lead in math, their national advantage of 15 points was small compared with the one they had over boys in fishing villages like Sandgerdi, where it was closer to 30.The teachers of Sandgerdis 254 students were only mildly surprised by the results. They say the

35、 gender gap is a story not of talent but motivation. Boys think of school as sufferings on the way to a future of finding riches at sea; for girls, its their ticket out of town. Margret Ingporsdottir and Hanna Maria Heidarsdottir, both 15, students at Sandgerdis gleaming schoolwhich has a science la

36、boratory, a computer room and a well-stocked libraryhave no doubt that they are headed for university. “I think I will be a pharmacist,” says Heidarsdottir. The teens sat in principal Gudjon Kristjanssons office last week, waiting for a ride to the nearby town of Kevlavik, where they were competing

37、in West Icelands yearly math contest, one of many throughout Iceland in which girls excel.Meanwhile, by the harbor, Gisli Tor Hauksson, 14, already has big plans that dont require spending his afternoons toiling over geometry. “Ill be a fisherman,” he says, just like most of his ancestors. His fathe

38、r recently returned home from 60 days at sea off the coast of Norway. “He came back with 1.1 million krona,” about $18,000，says Hauksson. As for school, he says，“it destroys the brain.” He intends to quit at 16, the earliest age at which he can do so legally “A boy sees his older brother who has bee

39、n at sea for only two years and has a better car and a bigger house than the headmaster,” says Kristjansson.But the story of female achievement in Iceland doesnt necessarily have a happy ending. Educators have found that when girls leave their rural enclaves to attend universities in the nations cit

40、ies, their science advantage generally shrinks. While 61% of university students are women, they make up only one-third of Icelands science students. By the time they enter the labor market, many are overtaken by men, who become doctors, engineers and computer technicians. Educators say they watch m

41、any bright girls suddenly flinch back in the face of real, head-to-head competition with boys. In a math class at a Reykjavik school, Asgeir Gurdmundsson, 17, says that although girls were consistently brighter than boys at school, “they just seem to leave the technical jobs to us.” Says Soirun Gens

42、dottir, the director of education at the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture: “We have to find a way to stop girls from dropping out of sciences.”Teachers across the country have begun to experiment with ways to raise boys to the level of girls in elementary and secondary education. The high

43、school in Kevlawik tried an experiment in 2002 and 2003, separating 16-to-20-year-olds by gender for two years. That time the boys slipped even further behind. “The boys said the girls were better anyway,” says Krlstjan Asmundsson, who taught the 25 boys. “They didnt even try.”1.Which of the followi

44、ng words can best describe Sandgerdi?2.According to the passage, the reason why girls do better than boys in math at Sandgerdi is most probably the following EXCEPT（ ）.3.The fifth paragraph suggests that in the field of science（ ）.4.Girls flinch back in the competition with boys most probably becaus

45、e（ ）.5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?问题1选项A.desolateB.poorC.bustlingD.thriving问题2选项A.boys and girls share different incentives in math learningB.the girls are more anxious about their future careerC.the boys consider that fishing doesnt necessarily need mathD.the boys spe

46、nd more time on their part time jobs问题3选项A.women have advantages over men in competitionB.women tend to be in a less embarrassing levelC.men are plying more important rolesD.Men are one third less than women in number问题4选项A.they are short of confidence in themselvesB.employers often prefer boys to t

47、ake technical jobsC.they have poorer performance in technical jobsD.they are willing to leave technical jobs to boys问题5选项A.A Village In IcelandB.A Land Where Girls Rule in MathC.Boys Cleverer Than Girls?D.Science Students in Sandgerdi【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。A选项desolate“荒凉的”；B选项poor“

48、贫穷的”；C选项bustling“繁忙的”；D选项thriving“繁荣的”。由文章第一段中的The fishing village of 1,480 people is a bleak and lonely place.（这个有1480人的渔村是一个荒凉而孤独的地方）可知Sandgerdi是一个荒凉的地方，因此选A。2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的They say the gender gap is a story not of talent but motivation.（他们说性别差距不是来自资质的差别，而是学习动力的差别）可知D选项“男孩们把更多的时间花在兼职上”符合题意，A、B、C选

49、项都与“学习动力”有关。3.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的 While 61% of university students are women, they make up only one-third of Icelands science students. By the time they enter the labor market, many are overtaken by men, who become doctors, engineers and computer technicians.（尽管61%的大学生是女性，但她们只占冰岛理科学生的三分之一。当他们进入劳动力市场时，许多人

50、被男性所取代，他们成为医生、工程师和计算机技术人员）可知C选项“男人扮演着更重要的角色”符合题意。4.推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Educators say they watch many bright girls suddenly flinch back in the face of real, head-to-head competition with boys.（教育家们说，他们看到许多聪明的女孩在面对真实的、面对面的与男孩的竞争时突然退缩）可知A选项“她们对自己缺乏信心”符合题意。5.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在冰岛上的Sandgerdi由于男女学生学习的动机不一样，女生在数学成绩上男生优秀，因此B选项“女生在数学上占统治地位的地方”符合题意。